Scribd
Upload
42 views20 pages

001 ISB Introduction

The document discusses several topics related to information systems and technology. It begins by describing the Internet of Things and how interconnected devices are becoming more prevalent in daily life. It then discusses concerns about artificial intelligence and robotics replacing human jobs. The rest of the document covers data and information, how information systems work, the benefits of human-computer interaction, ethical issues related to technology, and reasons for studying information systems.

Uploaded by

jiya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
42 views20 pages

001 ISB Introduction

The document discusses several topics related to information systems and technology. It begins by describing the Internet of Things and how interconnected devices are becoming more prevalent in daily life. It then discusses concerns about artificial intelligence and robotics replacing human jobs. The rest of the document covers data and information, how information systems work, the benefits of human-computer interaction, ethical issues related to technology, and reasons for studying information systems.

Uploaded by

jiya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 20

Information Systems for

Business
Introduction
The Internet of Things

 Over 20 years ago a few professors at MIT began describing


the Internet of Things (IoT), which is a world where
interconnected Internet-enabled devices or “things” have the
ability to collect and share data without human intervention
 The Internet of Things is reaching further into our daily lives
by combining data from sensors in wearable devices and
equipment with analytic programs to help improve the
performance of individuals by gaining insights that were
traditionally impossible to detect.
 Smart Yoga Mat
 Smart Thermostats
 Smart Diapers
 Smart Trash Cans
 Smart Tennis Racket
 Smart Frying Pan

 90 percent of the data in the world was created over the last 2 years
Robots Took My Job
 Have you ever seen the movie Terminator?
 “The primitive forms of artificial intelligence we already have, have proved very
useful. But I think the development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of
the human race,” Hawking told the BBC. “Once humans develop artificial intelligence,
it would take off on its own and re-design itself at an ever-increasing rate,”
 Jobs to think and Consider:
 Middle Management
 Salespersons
 Report Writers, Journalists, Authors
 Accountants and Bookkeepers
 Doctors
 Preschool and Elementary School Teacher
 Professional Athlete
 Politician
 Judge
 Mental Health Professional
Information Systems

 Why Do People Need Information?

 Individuals - Entertainment and enlightenment

 Businesses - Decision making, problem solving and


control
Data, Information,
and Systems
Data vs. Information

◦ Data
 A “given,” or fact; a number, a statement, or a picture
 Represents something in the real world
 The raw materials in the production of information

◦ Information
 Data that have meaning within a context
 Data in relationships
 Data after manipulation
Data, Information,
and Systems
 Data Manipulation

 Example: customer survey


 Reading through data collected from a customer survey with
questions in various categories would be time-consuming and
not very helpful.
 When manipulated, the surveys may provide useful
information.
Data, Information,
and Systems
 Generating Information
 Computer-based ISs take data as raw material, process it, and produce
information as output.

Figure 1.1 Input-process-output


Data, Information,
and Systems
 Information
in Context

Figure 1.2 Characteristics of useful information


Data, Information,
and Systems
 What Is a System?
◦ System: A set of components that work together to achieve a common goal

◦ Subsystem: One part of a system where the products of more than one system are
combined to reach an ultimate goal

◦ Closed system: Stand-alone system that has no contact with other systems

◦ Open system: System that interfaces with other systems


Data, Information,
and Systems

Figure 1.3 Several subsystems make up this corporate accounting


system.
Data, Information,
and Systems

 Information and Managers

 Systems thinking
 Creates a framework for problem solving and decision making.
 Keepsmanagers focused on overall goals and operations of
business.
Data, Information,
and Systems

Figure 1.5 Qualities of humans and computers that contribute to


synergy
Data, Information,
and Systems
 The Benefits of Human-Computer Synergy

 Synergy
 When combined resources produce output that exceeds the
sum of the outputs of the same resources employed separately

 Allowshuman thought to be translated into efficient


processing of large amounts of data
Data, Information,
and Systems

Figure 1.6 Components of an information system


Data, Information,
and Systems
The Four Stages of Data Processing

◦ Input: Data is collected and entered into computer.

◦ Data processing: Data is manipulated into information using mathematical,


statistical, and other tools.

◦ Output: Information is displayed or presented.

◦ Storage: Data and information are maintained for later use.


Why Study IS?

 Information Systems Careers


 Systems analyst, specialist in enterprise resource planning (ERP),
database administrator, telecommunications specialist, consulting, etc.
 Knowledge Workers
 Managers and non-managers
 Employers seek computer-literate professionals who know how to use
information technology.
 Computer Literacy Replacing Traditional Literacy
 Key to full participation in western society
Ethical and Societal Issues
The Not-So-Bright Side

 Consumer Privacy
 Organizationscollect (and sometimes sell) huge
amounts of data on individuals.

 Employee Privacy
 IT supports remote monitoring of employees, violating
privacy and creating stress.
Ethical and Societal Issues
The Not-So-Bright Side

 Freedom of Speech
 IT increases opportunities for hate speech, intellectual property crime,
and other intrusions; prevention may abridge free speech.

 IT Professionalism
 No mandatory or enforced code of ethics for IT professionals--unlike other
professions.

 Social Inequality
 Less than 20% of the world’s population have ever used a PC; less than 3%
have Internet access.

You might also like