DATTA MEGHE COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

AIROLI, NAVI MUMBAI

(Department of Civil Engineering)
2021-2022

Mini Project
Title : QUICK AND DURABLE POTHOLE REPAIRS IN
BITUMINOUS ROAD
Guided : Prof. R. K. Kolisetty Project By :
CL-B-50 Mayuresh Patil
CL-B-56 Nishant Phadke
CL-B-73 Rampravesh Yadav
 OVERVIEW  Crack Seal or Pouring Method
 Introduction
 Types of Pouring Method
 Aim and Objectives
 Types of Patching Seal
 Literature Survey
 Hot Mix Asphalt(HMA) Overlay
 Pothole
 Steps To Repairing Potholes With Cold-
 Formation of Potholes
patch
 Crocodile Crack  Potholes Repair In Mumbai Metropolitan
 Effects of Potholes Region
 Methodology for Repairing of  Quality Control
Potholes  Potholes Facts
 Repair Techniques  Future Scope
 Throw and Roll  Likely Conclusion
 Spray Injection repair  Reference
 INTRODUCTION
Potholes are an annoyance to drivers and potentially a dangerous hazard on the
roadways.
The repair of pothole distresses in asphalt pavement is often considered low on a
road agency’s agenda; however their repair consumes a large portion of time and
funds.
Many road crews are ill-informed on the proper materials and methods for
pothole repair.
Correct selection of pothole patching materials and proper application of repair
procedures can greatly increase the longevity of pothole repairs, lead to fewer
driver frustrations, and lower road maintenance budget.
 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

Aim:
 To Understand Quick and Durable Potholes repairs
 To understand the various conventional methods in Repairing of
potholes and its procedure To identify formation and causes of
potholes

Objective :
 To identify formation and causes of potholes.
 To know term Potholes
 To identify effects of potholes
 Literature Survey

 Infrared heating repair

 The traditional method to repair potholes is to fill them with
boiling asphalt. However, if the weather is cold, the temperature of
the asphalt mixture falls significantly causing weaker bonds with
the existing material. Thus, the repair is not reliable and has a high
possibility of failure in the next months.
 To address this issue, engineers at Brunel University of London
have developed the Controlled Pothole Repair System (CPRS).
This system utilizes infrared heating to warm the road surface
before making the repair. It is designed as to be portable and easily
transported to sites. The teams states that their method can provide
repairs that last longer and eventually make the road network safer
than it is today.
 Inssta Road Pachr
 Inssta Road Pachr a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) is a
unique dispensing mechanism conceived and innovated
first in India for Machine Repaired Potholes based on
World's no.1 American Pressure Sensitive Technology
for instant pothole repairs.
 InsstaPattch premix asphalt is indigenously developed
with a track record of 15 years and made in India on
pressure sensitive technology (PST) and also
technically evaluated and accredited by Central Road
Research Institute (CRRI), IRC, MoRTH, BRO,
Railways, PWD and many local bodies.
 The salient features of PST technology is environmental friendly, no
emissions and no heating. Scientific formulated ingredients are
coated on 6mm and 20mm aggregates for guaranteed interlock
bonding of material in pothole after compaction.
 Inssta Road Pachr SPV is a revolutionary concept with InsstaPattch
PST premix asphalt material and manufactured on state of art
facilities by Grams Infratech (I) Private Limited Nagpur after
consistent research and technological innovation visualizing and also
to present a model of Integrated Pothole Solution to support global
infrastructure development and maintenance of potholes on roads.
 Inssta Road Pachr SPV has an advantage to control conversions of
small pothole into big pothole. Machine Repaired Potholes with latest
PST technology has the potential to repair even small pothole by
discharging less quantity of InsstaPattch asphalt and allow traffic to
free flow immediately after repairs.
 Potholes
• A hole in a road surface that result from gradual damage caused by
traffic or weather.
• A pothole is a hole in the roadway pavement that vary in size and
shape.
• A deep natural underground cave formed by the erosion of rock,
especially by the action of water or a depression or hollow in a
road surface caused by wear or subsidence.
 Formation of Potholes
• Asphalt
• Cracking of asphalt surfacing
• Water penetration into the asphalt
• Traffic loading
• Thin bituminous-surfacing seals
• Loss of surfacing
• Cracking
• Poor repairs
• Poor adhesion between base and seal
• Unusual forms of pothole development
• Reinstated service trenches
• Failure of existing patches
A Pothole is a depression in a road surface, usually asphalt pavement, where
traffic has removed broken pieces of the pavement. It is usually the result of
water in the underlying soil structure and traffic passing over the affected
area. Water first weakens the underlying soil; traffic then fatigues and breaks
the poorly supported asphalt surface in the affected area
 Crocodile crack

 Potholes are surrounded by cracks; these cracks

are called Crocodile Cracks. This is the initial
stage of asphalt pavement failure. These cracks,
when subjected to heavy loads, tear apart and
create a small hole. This hole becomes larger
and larger with heavy traffic and stops growing
until the whole water-weakened region is turned
into a Potholes.
 The accident rate are increased

Speed of vehicle will decrease so the travel time

will increase

Effects of The appearance of road is affected

Potholes Flat tire or damage to your tires

Bent or damaged rims

Steering damage and even damage to the body of

the car
Methodology for Repairing of Potholes
Potholes repairs can be divided into
two
• The distinct
First periods
period is winter repairs -
when tempratures
material is frozen are
and low, base
additional
moisture
expected. and freeze thaw cycles are
• The
when Second
base period
material is
is spring
wet andrepairs-
soft and
few additional
expected. thaw cycles are
Many maintenance
throw-and-go method agencies
for use
repairingthe
potholes.
best way Although
to patch not
potholes,considered
it is the the
most commonly used method
of its high rate of production. because
 Throw and Roll
• Throw-and-roll method is one of the oldest
and simplest pothole repairing method.
• It is a temporary repair
• Performed on wet potholes
• Used very commonly in India
• Throw-and-roll method is cost effective
and quick
• But it doesn’t provide a longlasting repair.
 Spray Injection Repair
• Spray-injection repair is a semi-permanent
repair.

• It uses a spray gun to fill potholes.

• It is one of the best methods to repair a pothole.

• It requires more workers and equipment and has

a lower productivity rate than the throw-and-roll
method.
 Edge Seal Repair
• This method involves using the throw-and-roll
repair and then filling the pothole.

• It is involves using throw & repair and then

filling potholes. Further it is compacted by heavy
duty truck.

• It is fast and productive.

• It is cost effective.

• Mostly used to fill up the Crocodile Cracks.

CRACK SEAL OR POURING METHOD
 Crack sealing can extend the useful pavement life for several years.
The purpose of crack sealing is to prevent water from entering the
subgrade and causing damage and to keep the edges of the cracks
from raveling where top down cracking is present.
 The two types use different techniques and equipment. The purpose
of the two is the same, to minimize water entry and resulting damage.
 Over-poured cracks can be a safety hazard to motorcycles. Overband
(over-poured) crack pouring, especially on longitudinal cracks, can
cause loss of control for motorcycles
TYPES OF POURING METHOD
 HOT POUR METHOD
 This method utilizes blocks of crack pour material heated in specialized crack pouring
machines. The most common type in maintenance are trailer mounted, oil jacketed
units. This method is often used by contractors and maintenance for crack sealing
distressed areas that are not going to be removed and repaired prior to an overlay
 COLD POUR METHOD
 This method utilizes cold applied liquid material and does not require specialized
equipment. This type of material is available in 5- to 50-gallon containers. It can be
sanded lightly after application and opened to traffic. One person can apply it using
the spout on the 5-gallon bucket it comes in.
TYPES OF PATCHING SEALS
 Fog Seals
 In instances of a pavement with very minor raveling, a fog seal may adequately
seal the pavement and prevent further raveling. Fog Seals are very light
applications of diluted, quick breaking asphalt emulsions
 Sand Seal
 Where more raveling has occurred, a sand seal may be needed to adequately seal
the surface and provide a quality surface. A sand seal is an application of liquid or
emulsified asphalt covered with fine aggregate
 Aggregate (Chip) Seal
 An aggregate seal is a single spray application, usually of a liquid or emulsified
asphalt. Immediately following is a single layer of aggregate of as uniform a
gradation (size) as practicable.
Preventive Maintenance Techniques
 Preventive maintenance programs should start early in the life of a
pavement (1-3 years) provide the protection needed to greatly
improve service life. For aged pavements, surface treatments can
greatly delay the costs of major reconstruction.
 In recent years research has shown that applying the proper
maintenance treatment can help to extend pavement service life
when applied at the right time
 Placing the appropriate treatment can also provide cost benefits if
done when pavement distresses have not progressed too far in the
pavement life
HOT MIX ASPHALT(HMA) OVERLAY:
 Overlay patches are generally applied when an area is too large to
be economically repaired by hand with a small crew. The overlay
patch with HMA also has the advantage of setting quickly. It does,
however, commit a considerable investment in labour, equipment,
and materials.
 Application of any overlay patch requires a considerable degree of
skill, coordination, and planning. All loose, broken asphalt should
be removed and replaced. Any deep ruts, depressions, or humps
should be repaired or pre-leveled in advance of the overlay so that
the overlay may proceed efficiently.
Steps to Repairing Potholes with Cold-Patch
 Step 1 – Clean pothole. Remove large loose rocks and other debris
 Step 2 – Pour and spread cold-patch material into pothole. Pour to a level
approximately ½” above surface to allow for compaction
 Step 3 – Compact material with hand tamper, car tires or another suitable
compaction method that provides an even, level compacted surface.
POTHOLES REPAIR IN MUMAI METROPOLITIAN REGION

 Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) said on Thursday that it has fixed over
30,000 potholes in Mumbai within a period of 5 months in Year 2021.
 The administration of Greater Mumbai Municipal Corporation has filled a total of 31,398
potholes on the roads within the limits of the Municipal Corporation from 9 April, 2021 to
8 September, 2021. Its area is about 1,56,910 square meters.
 The work of filling the potholes on the roads is being undertaken by the Corporation. For
this, the cold mix constructed at the Corporation's asphalt plant at Worli is regularly
supplied to the 24 administrative divisions of the Corporation as per their demand
QUALITY CONTROL
 For the repair of potholes to be effective, a controlled
quality-assurance programme must be followed. Each
stage of the process should be checked to ensure that it
conforms to the requirements for that stage.
For pothole repairs, the primary
requirements are that:
The fill materials are suitable for the specific layers
 Each layer is properly and adequately compacted to meet density requirements
 If HMA is used, the compaction temperatures should not be too low
 The final riding quality is acceptable
 The pothole surface does not form a depression after traffic compaction but rather be
slightly raised compared with the rest of the road
 All joins are properly sealed
 The patch must be aesthetically pleasing.
 A well-executed and aesthetically-pleasing rectangular patch next
A poorly-finished and untidy patch to a less effective ’circular’ patch
POTHOLES FACTS:
• An impact from a deep pothole can equal the impact of a 35-mph
accident
• Damage to vehicles attributable to potholes cost an average of over
$300 per vehicle per year and over $1,000 during the lifetime of a
vehicle.
• Potholes cause countless injuries each year to cyclists and pedestrians
• Potholes are the leading pedestrian tripping hazard for property and
business owners.
 Future Scope
1. Researching New Ideas of Filling And Repairing Potholes
2. Prevention of Potholes Formation on Roads.
3. Studying Potholes Repairs in Mumbai Metropolitan Region
4. Making a Real Life Pothole Model for Better understaing of
repairing techniques
 Likely Conclusion
 Pothole on road cannot be neglected it can lead to serious issues in future to both road as well as the traffic flow
on the road hence immediate action and suitable repair methods should be performed.

 In India, the method which is using to repair the potholes does not give durability, because, the portion which is
repaired gets seepage through the base and top surface gets water entry from sources like rain, ice which will
again damage the work and bonding would reduce thus durability will reduce and again we have to apply same
method to repair it.

 Spray Injection and Edge repair method of repairing potholes should be used in big cities as it provides longer
durability than throw and go method

 Budget constraints reduce preventative road maintenance, with the prevalence of potholes likely to increase
significantly.

 Potholes are typically ’repaired’ by mostly unskilled or badly-trained teams on an ad hoc basis, quite some time
after formation, thus leading to additional deterioration.
 References
1. https://www.psymbolic.com/8-different-types-of-pothole-repair-
methods/#:~:text=Using%20Edge%20Seal%20to%20Repair,the
%20patch%20and%20the%20pavement.
2. Matthew_Sainz_IAPA_Research_2016_Bradley_University.pdf
3. https://www.nuphalt.com/the-most-innovative-pothole-solution-
ever/
4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pothole\
5. https://www.potholerepairindia.com/
THANK YOU