FORENSIC 2-PERSONAL

IDENTIFICATION
1st- Meeting
October 1, 2022
Prof.Nariza Sura Tolentino, Rcrim, MSCJ
RULES
• 1.100 Percent attendance
• 2. Quiz
• 3. LATE
• 4.RECITATION
• 5.ASSIGNMENT
• 6.UNIFORM
• 7.GROOMING
• 8.WORK PAPER
• 9.GROUP CHAT
 TOPIC TO DISCUSS
1. DEFINITION
2.HISTORY
3. PERSONALITIES
4.Fundamental Principles of Fingerprints:
5. STUDIES RELATED TO FINGERPRINT
6.CONDITIONS OF FINGERS
7. USES OF FINGERPRINT
8. TYPES OF PRINT
FORENSIC
• Latin word “Forum” means 
“Market place”- a place where people
are gathered for “ Public discussion
• Scientific method and investigation to
crime
• A relationship with administration of
justice or characteristics of court of justice
 CRIMINALISTI
FORENSIC SCIENCE CS
• The application of • A profession or a
scientific field of forensic
techniques and science that deals
principles in order with recognition,
to provide collection ,
preservation, and
evidence to legal
examination of
or related physical evidence for
investigation and the administration of
determinations justice
DR. HANS GUSTAV GROSS
• Father of Modern
Criminalistics
• Australian magistrate to
described “ Search for the
Truth
• Founder of criminal profiling
• Father of Criminal
Investigation “Golden Rule
CSI”
• 1893- Birth year Criminalistics
• He founded the institute of 95%perspiration,3% inspiration, 2% luck
Criminalistics
• Res Ipsa Luquitor-Things
speak for itself
•SOCO MEANS
WHAT?

Scene of the Crime Operation

 Golden Rule of Crime Scene
Investigation
• “Do not touch change or alter anything
until it has been identified, measured and
photographed”
 TOPIC TO DISCUSS
1. DEFINITION
2.HISTORY
3. PERSONALITIES
4.Fundamental Principles of Fingerprints:
5. STUDIES RELATED TO FINGERPRINT
6.CONDITIONS OF FINGERS
7. USES OF FINGERPRINT
8. TYPES OF PRINT
1.DACTYLOSCOPY
• Derived from the Latin word “dactyl” which means
“finger” and “skopien” that means “to study” or “to
examine”.
• GREEK: Daktylos o Daktyl = finger/daliri
• Skopien = study or examine/pag-aralan
• LATIN: Dactylus = finger/daliri
• The scientific examination or the method of
identifying persons through ridges characteristics
found in the fingers, palm, and soles of the human foot.
PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION
• - The system of identifying a
person based on his/her
characteristics as different from
others.
 TOPIC TO DISCUSS
1. DEFINITION
2.HISTORY
3. PERSONALITIES
4.Fundamental Principles of Fingerprints:
5. STUDIES RELATED TO FINGERPRINT
6.CONDITIONS OF FINGERS
7. USES OF FINGERPRINT
8. TYPES OF PRINT
2.HISTORY OF FINGERPRINT
• A. Ancient History • The Chinese were
• 1000 BC; archaeological known as the first users
evidence of ancient of fingerprints as part of
Chinese and Babylonian their rituals in signing of
civilizations using contracts on the part of
fingerprints to sign the illiterate. They
legal documents. • called it Hua Chi.
 TOPIC TO DISCUSS
1. DEFINITION
2.HISTORY
3. PERSONALITIES
4.Fundamental Principles of Fingerprints:
5. STUDIES RELATED TO FINGERPRINT
6.CONDITIONS OF FINGERS
7. USES OF FINGERPRINT
8. TYPES OF PRINT
I. PERSONALITIES
• NEHEMIAH GREW • GILBERT THOMPSON
• EDMOND LOCARD • ALPHONSE
• MARCELO MALPIGHI BERTILLON
• JOHANN CHRISTOPH • MARK TWAIN
ANDREAS MAYER • FRANCIS GALTON
• JOHN EVANGELIST • JUAN VUCETICH
PURKINJE • EDWARD RICHARD
• HERMAN WELCKER HENRY
• WILLIAM HERSCHEL • ROBERT JAMES PITTS
• DR. HENRY FAULDS • JOHN DILLINGER
NEHEMIAH GREW
• Wrote the first
document on the
study of ridges
and sweat pores.
MARCELO MALPIGHI
• Depicted
layers of skin
called the
“epidermis”
and “dermis”.
MARCELO MALPIGHI
• Grandfather of Dactyloscopy
• originated the term “loops and spirals.”
• Approximately 1.8mm thick.
EDMOND LOCARD
• Father of
Forensic Science
• Father of
Poroscopy
• “Exchange
Principle”
JOHANN CHRISTOPH ANDREAS
MAYER

• - Stated that
the skin ridges
are never
duplicated in
two persons
JOHN EVANGELIST PURKINJE
• Discussed the
9 fingerprint
patterns in his
thesis.
• Father of
Dactyloscopy
HERMAN WELCKER
• Printed his own
palms twice with
a gap of 41 years
and proved that
fingerprints do
not change.
WILLIAM HERSCHEL
• Father of
Chiroscopy
• Officer in
Charge
subdivision of
British and
Hindu
personnel
ALPHONSE BERTILLON
• - A French police officer
who devised a system of
classification, known as
Anthropometry or the
Bertillon System, using
measurements of parts
of the body.
• Father of Personal
Identification
Anthropometry
• Anthropo- means human
• Metry- measurement
Measurement of parts of the
body such as:
Head length
Head width
Length of middle finger
Length of foot)
Length of forearm (elbow to
tip of middle finger)
Will West and William West
• Case
discredited the
Bertillon
System
MARK TWAIN
• Wrote novels
involving fingerprints
in the identification of
criminals and in court
trials.
• titled Life on the
Mississippi, published
in 1883.Jun 6, 2011
FRANCIS GALTON
• - Divided the types of
fingerprints into families
of Arch, Whorl, and
Loop, and stated that the
possibility of two prints
being alike is
1:64,000,000,000.
ROBERT JAMES PITTS
• Known as the “Man
without Fingerprint”
who subjected his
fingers to surgery to
destroy his friction
ridges.
• Dr.Leopold William
JOHN DILLINGER
• Known as the
“Public Enemy
#1” who
subjected his
fingers to
corrosive acids
to destroy his
fingerprints.
People vs. Jennings,
• Dec 21, 1911, United
States
• leading case wherein the
first conviction based on
fingerprint was
recognized by the
judicial authorities.
People Vs. Medina
• First case in the
Philippines kung saan
naconvict si Marciano
Medina base sa
fingerprint
• Attorney Augustin Patricio
-First Filipino authority in fingerprinting and who
topped the first examination on fingerprints given
by Captain Thomas Dugon of the New York Police
Department.
• Mr. Flaviano Guerrero
-the lst Filipino member of the FBI who gave the
first examination of fingerprint in the Philippines
• Mr. Jones
-The first one to taught Fingerprint in the
Philippines (1990).
• Generoso Reyes
-First Filipino Fingerprint Technician
employed by Philippine
Constabulary

• Isabela Bernales
-First Filipina Fingerprint Technician
• Plaridel Education Institute/Philippine
College of Criminology(PCCr)
-First government recognized school to
teach the Science of Fingerprint and other
Police Sciences.

• Lucila Lalu
-First Filipina Chop-chop lady who was
identified through Fingerprint.
 TOPIC TO DISCUSS
1. DEFINITION
2.HISTORY
3. PERSONALITIES
4.Fundamental Principles of Fingerprints:
5. STUDIES RELATED TO FINGERPRINT
6.CONDITIONS OF FINGERS
7. USES OF FINGERPRINT
8. TYPES OF PRINT
 4. Fundamental Principles of Fingerprints:
1. Principle of Individuality
2. Principle of Immutability/
Permanency/Consistency/
Constancy
3. Principle of Infallibility
Fundamental Principles of
Fingerprints:
• 1. Individuality –
A fingerprint is an individual characteristic. In 100 years
since fingerprinting was generally introduced, out of the
millions of sets of prints that have been taken, no two
individuals have been found to have the same
fingerprints. No two fingerprints are alike.
Fundamental Principles of
Fingerprints:
2.Immutability/Permanency/
Consistency/Constancy-
A fingerprint will remain unchanged
during an individual’s
lifetime.
Fundamental Principles of
Fingerprints:
• 3. Infallibility
-Every FP cannot be forged. Never go wrong and cannot be
altered.
 TOPIC TO DISCUSS
1. DEFINITION
2.HISTORY
3. PERSONALITIES
4.Fundamental Principles of Fingerprints:
5. STUDIES RELATED TO FINGERPRINT
6.CONDITIONS OF FINGERS
7. USES OF FINGERPRINT
8. TYPES OF PRINT
 5. STUDIES RELATED TO
FINGERPRINT
• FINGERPRINT
- An impression designed by the ridges on the
inside of the last joint of the finger or thumb.
• DACTYLOSCOPY
- The science that deals with the study or
interpretation of fingerprints, classification,
identification of patterns, and the classification
formula for the purpose of practical
application.
5. STUDIES RELATED TO
FINGERPRINT
• DACTYLOGRAPHY
The scientific study of fingerprint as a
means of identification.
• DACTYLOMANCY
The scientific study of fingerprint for
purposes of personality interpretation.
 5. STUDIES RELATED TO
FINGERPRINT
• POROSCOPY
The scientific study of sweat pores or
the small opening found on the surface
of the skin.
• CHIROSCOPY
- The scientific study of the palm of the
hand.
5. STUDIES RELATED TO
FINGERPRINT
• PODOSCOPY
The scientific study of the soles of the feet.
• EDGEOSCOPY
The scientific study of the sides of the fingers or
edges of the friction ridges.
• RIDGEOSCOPY
• - The scientific study of ridges.
 TOPICS TO DISCUSS
1. DEFINITION
2.HISTORY
3. PERSONALITIES
4.Fundamental Principles of Fingerprints:
5. STUDIES RELATED TO FINGERPRINT
6.CONDITIONS OF FINGERS
7. USES OF FINGERPRINT
8. TYPES OF PRINT
6.CONDITIONS OF FINGERS
• POLYDACTYLY
• - Having more than required number of fingers. It can be
Preaxial, (before the thumb), Central (in between
• fingers), or Postaxial (after the little finger)

• MACRODACTYLY
• - Having enlarged fingers.
6.CONDITIONS OF FINGERS
• MICRODACTYLY
Having small fingers.

• ECTRODACTYLY
Born with missing finger.

• SYNDACTYLY
Side fusion of the fingers.
 TOPIC TO DISCUSS
1. DEFINITION
2.HISTORY
3. PERSONALITIES
4.Fundamental Principles of Fingerprints:
5. STUDIES RELATED TO FINGERPRINT
6.CONDITIONS OF FINGERS
7. USES OF FINGERPRINT
8. TYPES OF PRINT
 7.USES OF FINGERPRINTS
• 1. Prevent changing personal data.
• 2. Serve to give evidence (identification
of criminals).
• 3. Helps to identify victims of disasters,
calamities, floods, etc.
• 4. Identifies bodies whose cadaver is
beyond recognition.
7.USES OF FINGERPRINTS
• 5. Aids judiciary in penal treatment
(fingerprinting of prisoners).
• 6. Prevent criminal substitution of newly
born.
• 7. Identification of fugitive through a
comparison of fingerprints
• 8. Identification of missing persons
 TOPIC TO DISCUSS
1. DEFINITION
2.HISTORY
3. PERSONALITIES
4.Fundamental Principles of Fingerprints:
5. STUDIES RELATED TO FINGERPRINT
6.CONDITIONS OF FINGERS
7. USES OF FINGERPRINT
8. TYPES OF PRINT
 8.TYPES OF PRINTS
• VISIBLE PRINTS
 Prints that are visible as
they are often impressed from
dust, blood, dirt, or grease.

• LATENT PRINTS
 Hidden prints which need to
be developed to make them
visible. These are usually
found at the crime
scene.
 8.TYPES OF PRINTS
• CHANCE PRINTS
 Prints left on a place
unconsciously or
accidentally.
• FRAGMENTARY
PRINTS
 Prints that are partial or
incomplete.
• SMUDGED PRINTS
 Prints that are made by the
sliding motion of the finger.