Mahatama jyotiba phule Rohilkhand

University bareilly
Session : 2022-2023

Department of mechanical engineering

Rahul 19me40
 Project title
FABRICATION AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF HYBRID BASALT AND
JUTE FIBRE REINFORCED
SiC/ COMPOSITES
EPOXY

Guided by : dr. t.u.Siddiqui Prepared by :

Co guided by: mr. ankit Ashish kumar Maurya (19 ME 05)
varshney Akhilesh verma (19 ME 10)
Pradyumna Prajapati (19 me 37)
rahul kumar yadav (19 me 40 )

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Content : -
Abstract
Literature review
Introduction
Technique adopted
Benefits
Drawbacks
Uses
Reference

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ABSTRACT : -

Recent studies have worked on mixing natural fiber

reinforcement with composites and adding additives for improve
the thermal and mechanical thermal characteristics of composite.
In the current work, hybrid composite laminates with basalt and
jute fiber reinforcements will be created using the hand layup
technique, also with 5% to 10%,  silicon carbide.

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Along with 5 layers of alternative fiber layers and 5 layers of basalt and jute
fiber reinforced polymer composite laminate with 5% and 10% SiC filler, 6
hybrid composite laminates will be produced.
To study the mechanical behaviours like tensile, flexural, and wear properties
using ASTM standards, all such composite laminates are compared with 5
bundles of 5 layered composite laminates fabricated of individual Basalt and
Jute fiber.
Results will be examined, and a scanning electron microscope will be used to
analyze cracked surfaces.

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 -: LITERATURE REVIEW :-
Publised Author Research Topic Building Analysis Area
date
2009 S.Basavarajappa Three-Body Abrasive Wear Behaviour of Polymer Uses silicon carbide polymer
K.V. Arun Matrix Composites Filled with SiC Particles, composite to improve the wear
A.P. Kumar Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng. resistance properties.

2014 R. Murugan Investigation on Static /Dynamic Mechanical We know about hand lay-up
R. Ramesh Properties of Epoxy Based Woven Fabric technique.
K. Padmanabhan Glass/Carbon Hybrid Composite Laminates.

2019 L. Prasad Mechanical Performance of Jute and Mechnical performance of jute and
A. Saini Basalt Fiber Geo-grid-Reinforced Epoxy basalt fiber.
V. Kumar Hybrid Composite Material.

2021 M Vijayakumar Effect of Silicon Carbide on the Mechanical and Mechanical properties of Hybridizing
K Kumaresan Thermal Properties of Snake Grass/Sisal Fiber fiber and silicon carbide in natural
R Gopal Reinforced Hybrid Epoxy Composites. fiber reinforced composite like
hardeness,tensile & flexural strength.
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INTRODUCTION : -

Natural fiber :
• Natural fibers are textiles produced using raw materials obtained from minerals, plants, or animals.
• It is created by weaving or knitting the raw, unprocessed materials into threads and yarns.
• We use jute as natural fiber obtained from plant based natural fiber because
a) low density b) high stiffness c) relative high strength
d) low weight e) cheaper f) long lasting
Synthetic fiber :
• Chemical compounds are joined to form polymers through a technique called polymerization to produce
synthetic fibers.
• Sodium hydroxide and carbon disulphide are commonly used reagents (derivatives of coal, oil, or natural
gas).
• We use basalt as a synthetic fiber obtained from basalt rocks because
a) higher tensile strength b) impact resistance c) eco friendly ( less poisonous fumes are released)
d) fire resistance e) good chemical and physical reisitance
f) excellent sound and vibration insulation Rahul 19me40
silicon carbide (SiC) : -
• A hard mixture made of silicon and carbon is called silicon carbide (SiC), sometimes known as carborundum.
• Silicon carbide (SiC) is a ceramic filler that is frequently used as a polymer composite reinforcement due to it’s
a) exceptional strength b) good hardness c) chemical resistance d) low density
e) high thermal conductivity f ) high thermal resistance
• Filler made of silicon carbide can improve the physical qualities while reducing voids.
Epoxy : -
• Epoxy resin is a type of thermoplastics substance made up of different compounds that combine to produce a bond
that allows it for them to stick to one another.
• Epoxy resins are used to create a variety of building and construction-related products and materials, including floors,
adhesives, plastics, paints.
• Epoxy will be used  Araldite LY-556 because due to its medium viscosity and chemicals resistivity.
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 TECHNIQUE ADOPTED : -
1) Hand Layup Technique : -
The simplest method for processing composite materials
is hand lay-up.
It is  a type of reinforcement, which is manually set
down in individual layers or "interlocking" during the
manufacturing process termed as "hand layup."
This is composed of a large number of fibers which have
been pre-moistened with resin, packed into tows, and then
either woven together or grouped in a continuous linear
layer.

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2. scanning electron microscope (S.E.M) :-
An electron microscope that uses a concentrated beam of
relatively low-energy electrons as a magnetic resonance that is
continuously scanned across the specimen in order to directly
analyse the surfaces of solid objects.
The sample's surface topography, composition, and other
characteristics are revealed by the electron's interactions with the
atoms that form the sample.
It used to analyze the existence of voids, fractures, reinforcing,
and matrix adhesion (bonding) behaviour .

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3.ENERGY DISPERSIVE
SPECTROSCOPY (E.D.S.)
• It is a common method for determining
and measuring the chemical compositions
of sample parts of a micron or less.
• It measures the energy and density
distribution of the X-ray signal generated
when the specimen's surface was
bombarded by an electron beam.

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4. VACCUM BAGGING : -

Vacuum bagging provides a part with higher

characteristics due to its compaction while
allowing for the simplicity of hand lamination.
By vacuum bagging a laminate, air voids are
minimized, and the fibre content ratio is
increased.

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MECHANICAL PROPERTIES WILL BE EXAMINED ARE
 Tensile strength : -
• Maximum load a material can carry without breaking when it is stretched, divided by the
original cross-sectional area of the material .
• Tensile strengths have dimensions of force per unit area.
 Flexural strength : -
• The ability of a material to withstand deformation under load is known as its flexural
strength. 
• The unit of flexural strength is force per unit area.
 Wear strength : -
• The ability of a material to tolerate material loss caused by some mechanical action.
• Wear is the decaying, slow removal of material from solid surfaces or its deformation.

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BENEFITS OF REINFORCED HYBRID POLYMER :
-
 Comparatively inexpensive
 Simple to process
 Fast and easy to repair
 Reasonably powerful more stable
 Quicker installation period
 Lightweight material
 Protection against corrosion
 Low-maintenance requirements
 Design flexibility

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DRAWBACK OF REINFORCED HYBRID POLYMER : -

 Poor resistance to long-term temperature changes.

 Low shear strength between the layers
 Brittle behaviour.

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 Uses :-

 Construct highway structures such as safety barriers, signboards.

 Decks of a bridge.
 Protective equipment.
 Consumer products.
 Construction of buildings
 Electric poles.
 Sewage, water, and gas pipelines.
 Industries include construction.
 Automotive, marine, and aerospace transport system.

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reference:

 Experimental investigation on mechanical properties of Basalt/Jute/SiC reinforced hybrid polymer composites Ganesh R. Anand P.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214785322016662
 S.M.R. Khalili, V. Daghigh, R. Eslami Farsani, Mechanical behavior of basalt fiber-reinforced and basalt fiber metal laminate
composites under tensile and bending loads, J. Reinf. Plast. Compos. 30 (2011) 647–659, https://doi.org/ 10.1177/0731684411398535.
 M.R. Sanjay, P. Madhu, M. Jawaid, P. Senthamaraikannan, S. Senthil, S. Pradeep, Characterization and properties of natural fiber
polymer composites: A comprehensive review, J. Clean. Prod. 172 (2018) 566–581, https://doi.org/ 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2017.10.101
 T. Hojo, X.U. Zhilan, Y. Yang, H. Hamada, Tensile Properties of Bamboo, Jute and Kenaf Mat-reinforced Composite, Energy Proc. 56
(2014) 72–79, https://doi. org/10.1016/J.EGYPRO.2014.07.133.
 A. Saleem, L. Medina, M. Skrifvars, Influence of fiber coating and polymer modification on mechanical and thermal properties of
bast/basalt reinforced polypropylene hybrid composites, J. Compos. Sci. 4 (2020), https://doi.org/ 10.3390/jcs4030119.
 F. Azimpour-Shishevan, H. Akbulut, M.A. Mohtadi-Bonab, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Carbon/Basalt Intra-ply Hybrid
Composites. I. Effect of Intra-ply Hybridization, Fibers Polym. 21 (2020), https://doi.org/10.1007/ s12221-020-9843-6.
 G. Santosh Gangappa, S. Sripad Kulkarni, Experimentation and validation of basalt & jute fiber reinforced in polymer matrix hybrid
composites, Mater. Today Proc. 38 (2021) 2372–2379, https://doi.org/10.1016/J. MATPR.2020.07.081.
 B. Shivamurthy,  , Siddaramaiah, M.S. Prabhuswamyc, B. Shivamurthy,  , Siddaramaiah, M.S. Prabhuswamyc, Influence of SiO2 Fillers
on Sliding Wear Resistance and Mechanical Properties of Compression Moulded Glass Epoxy Composites, J. Miner. Mater. Charact.
Eng. 8 (2009) 513–530. 10.4236/ JMMCE.2009.87045.
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 End
Thank you

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