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Module 1 Lesson2

The document is a lesson on expressing obligation using modals. It discusses the modals must, have to, need to, and should. It provides examples of how each modal is used to express different types of obligations, such as strong necessity, external rules and regulations, what is necessary or advisable. The lesson concludes with an activity where students select the appropriate modal to complete sentences, and a writing activity where students apply what they've learned to write a letter using modals.

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Joy Fondevilla
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
53 views

Module 1 Lesson2

The document is a lesson on expressing obligation using modals. It discusses the modals must, have to, need to, and should. It provides examples of how each modal is used to express different types of obligations, such as strong necessity, external rules and regulations, what is necessary or advisable. The lesson concludes with an activity where students select the appropriate modal to complete sentences, and a writing activity where students apply what they've learned to write a letter using modals.

Uploaded by

Joy Fondevilla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 2

Expressing
Obligation
using Modals
01 Introduction
In the previous lesson, you learned about modals expressing permission and
prohibition. Through it, I hope that you will understand today’s lesson better.
 
In this lesson, Expressing Obligation using Modals, you will learn how to use must,
have to, need to, and should through the learning activities provided for you.
 
How do you express yourself in a way that the person you are talking to can fully
understand the message you are trying to convey? I’m sure, you agree that
sometimes, you are unaware of the words you use when you express something.
 
How do express obligation? At the end of the lesson, you are expected to use proper
modals expressing obligation. Understand well the lesson because this will surely
guide you in answering your activities. Your application on the use of modals will be
reflected on how you use them when communicating with others.
Let’s discover!

In EXPRESSING OBLIGATION USING MODALS, we use must, have to, and need
to.
Take time to learn their functions and examples.

Must - the authority for the obligation that comes from the speaker and
may be directed at the speaker or the listener. In other words, you use
must when you express strong necessity or obligation
 

Examples of sentences with “must”:

1. You must do your reading assignment every night. (The obligation is


directed to the listener.)
 
2. I must call the electrician and get that light fixed. (directed at the speaker)
 
3. You must keep his secret. (directed at the listener)
From the examples given above, I hope you already understood about the proper
use of modals expressing obligation. If there is still confusion, you may refer to
this link to learn more: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ShhULh7mYyg.
 

 
Have to expresses external obligations, which come from outside of the speaker. These
may be rules and regulations. This means that the obligation, such as school rules, is
imposed by an external or outside authority.
 
Examples:

1. We have to check everyone’s ID. (Checking of ID is a school’s regulation)


 
2. Children have to go to school everyday. (obligatory)
 
3. In this pandemic time, people have to wear facemask and face shield. (obligatory-general. The rule is imposed
by the government.)

Sentence structure: subj. verb infinitive verb


We have to attend the flag ceremony.
 Remember:
 
Have to + infinitive (external obligation-laws and rules)
 
“Have to” is a normal verb. Use “do” or “does” to make a question, and “don’t” or “doesn’t” to make a negative.
 
Examples:
 
“Do you have to vote in an election?”
“He doesn’t have to wear a uniform to school.”
Should is a weak obligation, and we use it to give
advice. It is also the same with “need to”.
 

We do not say, “You look pale and seem have a fever, you must go to the doctor”. It’s proper and
better to say,” “You look pale and seems have a fever, you should go to the doctor “. This is
because you are giving advice and it is necessary.

Examples:

1. You should review well, so you can pass the exam. (obligation-advice)
 
2. He had been experiencing fever for three days now. He should see a doctor. (obligation-advice)

3. The negative form is “shouldn’t”.


You shouldn’t smoke. It’s bad for your health.”
Next is “need to”. Understand carefully, how it differs with “have to”.

We use “need to” to talk about what is necessary.


 

Examples:
 
1. You need to go to the hairdressers. Your hair is very long. (It’s necessary to go to the
hairdresser because your hair is long.)
 
2. She needs to go to the doctor. She gets headaches every day. (It’s necessary to go to the
doctor.)

Remember:
“Need to” is like “have to”: use do / does to make questions:
Examples:
 
“Do you need to pass an exam to get into university?”
“Does she need to get a job?”
You may click the link or scan the QR code to gain more knowledge
about modals expressing obligation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ELfjg5n4xHE
 
05 Let’s wrap up!
Let’s try!
Select the appropriate modal from the choices given. Write the letter of your choice in your notebook.
 
1. Male students ________________ wear a dark suit and a tie.
a. should c. have to
b. must d. may
 
2. I _____pass my project on time to get high score.
a. should c. have to
b. must d. can
 
3. If you are off sick for three days, you _______________ bring in a doctor's note or you won't be excused in your classes.
a. should c. have to
b. must d. can
 
4. You ______________ try to answer your assignments within a day whenever possible.
a. should c. have to
b. must d. could
 
5. When using the phone, you ______________ try to avoid disturbing other students in the class.
a. should c. have to
b. must d. need to
06 Let’s do this!

General Instructions: This part of your module is found in


a Google Form posted in your Google classroom. This
Google Form will allow you to answer this quiz easily.

Directions: Study this lesson carefully. Then, be ready to


answer a 15-item multiple choice test, which is available
only in your google form. Read each item carefully and
provide your answer by selecting the letter that corresponds
to it. Best of luck!
06 Let’s do this!
General Instructions: This part of your module is found in
a Google Form posted in your Google classroom. This
Google Form will allow you to answer this quiz easily.

Directions: Love Letter


 Apply the modals you have just learned by writing
a letter for yourself. What are you going to tell
to yourself to achieve your dreams and
ambitions in life? Make sure to use modals in
your sentences. You may refer to the rubric
below for your guide in writing.
Do you have any questions?

[email protected]
0905-228-7348

CREDITS: This presentation template


was created by Slidesgo. Please
keep this slide for attribution.
REFERENCES
David, C. 1997. Dictionary of Linguistics. Blackwell.

Arkaina, K. et al. 2016. Language in Literature 9: Anglo-American Literature.


Vibal Group, Inc:Manila.
 
Nordquist, R. 2020. Reference in English Grammar. Retrieved from
https://www.thoughtco.com/reference-grammar-1692032

Sayce, Archibald Henry.1911. "Grammar”. Encyclopedia Britannica (11th ed.).

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZHbzVT6_ptU
 

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