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Pre-Experimental Research Design: Group 4

This document summarizes three pre-experimental research designs: 1) One-shot case study design where a single group is observed after receiving treatment with no comparison group. 2) One group pretest-posttest design where a group is measured before and after treatment. 3) Static group comparison design where a group receiving treatment is compared to a untreated group after treatment. These designs lack elements of true experiments like randomization and control groups.

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Rena Jocelle Nalzaro
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460 views

Pre-Experimental Research Design: Group 4

This document summarizes three pre-experimental research designs: 1) One-shot case study design where a single group is observed after receiving treatment with no comparison group. 2) One group pretest-posttest design where a group is measured before and after treatment. 3) Static group comparison design where a group receiving treatment is compared to a untreated group after treatment. These designs lack elements of true experiments like randomization and control groups.

Uploaded by

Rena Jocelle Nalzaro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRE-EXPERIMENTAL

RESEARCH DESIGN
Group 4
PRE-EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
DESIGN

The simplest of the group research


designs involve the assessment of
the functioning of a single group of
persons who receive social work.
These methods are called pre-
experimental designs. (Thyer, 2012)
 In pre-experimental designs, either
a single group of participant or
multiple groups are observed after
some intervention or treatment
presumed to cause change.
 Although they follow some basic
steps used in experiments, pre-
experimental designs either fail to
include a pretest, a control or
comparison group, or both (Salkind,
2010)
 Thus, the are considered “pre-”
indicating they are preparatory or
prerequisite to true experimental
design.
One Shot Case
Study Design

One Group
Pretest-Posttest
Design

Static Group
Comparison
Design
PRE-EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
DESIGN
1.ONE-SHOT CASE STUDY
DESIGN
 In this research design, a single
group is exposed to an event or
treatment and observations are
made after the implementation of
that treatment. (American
Psychological Association, 2018)
 Measurement only takes place once.

 There is no control group for


comparison.

 Provides feedback on intervention alone.


One Shot Case Study Design
Diagrammed as:

Selected
experimental
TREATMEN POSTTES
group T T
ONE SHOT CASE STUDY
EXAMPLES
Example 1: the effects of counseling sessions
on the attitudes of identified bullies in school
Experimental Treatment Posttest
Group (X) (0)
Bully Students.

Pretest – 0 Posttest – 0 Treatment- X


Randomization- R Control Group - C
 Example 2: A teacher using a new
instructional method for their class.
Their class could be measured at the
end of the term to see if the new
instructional method was effective.
PRE-EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN
2. ONE GROUP PRETEST –POSTTEST
DESIGN
 In a One Group Pretest-Posttest
Study, the dependent variable (0) is
measured or observed before and
after introduction of the
independent variable (X). (Banquil,
2014)
ONE GROUP PRETEST-POSTTEST
DESIGN
EXAMPLES
 Example 1:
0 X O
Pretest: Treatment: Posttest
Twenty-item Ten weeks of Twenty-item
attitude counseling scale
scale completed completed
by students by
students
(Dependent Variable) (Dependent Variable)
 Example 2: The teacher using
the new instructional method
gives their students a pretest at
the beginning of the term
teaches the new method
throughout the term, and then
gives them a posttest at the end of
term.
PRE-EXPERIMENTAL RESERCH DESIGN
3. STATIC GROUP COMPARISON

 In this research design, a group


that has experienced some
treatment is compared with one
that has not.
 Observed differences between
two groups are assumed to be a
result of the treatment. (Banquil,
2014)
STATIC GROUP COMPARISON
DESIGN
EXAMPLE
 Finding one class who had exposed to
the new instructional method and one
class who had not been exposed and
giving them both posttests at the end of
the term.
 Pre-experimental designs is
that they are subject to
numerous threats to their
validity.
Consequently, it is often difficult or
impossible to dismiss rival
hypothesis or explanations. (The
Regents of The University of
Michigan, 2019)
One Shot Case Study
X O
One Group Pretest-Posttest Study
O X O
Static Group Comparison Study
X O
O
REFERENCES

 Thyer, B. A. (2012, May). Pre-


Experimental Research Designs.
Retrieved from
https://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/
10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195387384.001.
0001/acprof-9780195387384-chapter-002
 American Psychological
Association. (2018) Retrieved from
https://dictionary.apa.org/one-shot-
case-study
 Salkind, N. J. (2010). Pre-
Experimental Designs. Retrieved
from
https://methods.sagepub.com/Refer
ence//encyc-of-research-design/n33
0.xml
 Banquil, M. (2014, March). Pre-
Experimental Research. Retrieved
from
https://www.slideshare.net/MaeBan
quil/pre-experimental-research
 The Regents of The University of
Michigan. (2019) Retrieved from
https://www.researchconnections.or
g/childcare/datamethods/preexperi
mental.jsp

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