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Philo12-Lesson01 - The Meaning of Philosophy

The document provides an introduction to the philosophy of the human person by defining philosophy, identifying its salient features which include it being a science that employs natural reason and seeks to understand all things through first principles, and giving examples of how philosophy can be useful in everyday life such as distinguishing real from fake news.

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Jonas San Felipe Alaba
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95 views

Philo12-Lesson01 - The Meaning of Philosophy

The document provides an introduction to the philosophy of the human person by defining philosophy, identifying its salient features which include it being a science that employs natural reason and seeks to understand all things through first principles, and giving examples of how philosophy can be useful in everyday life such as distinguishing real from fake news.

Uploaded by

Jonas San Felipe Alaba
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to the Philosophy of the

Human Person

Lesson 1:
The Meaning of
Philosophy
LEARNING COMPETENCY
• PPT11/12-Ia-1.1 - Distinguish a

Objective: holistic perspective from a


partial point of view.

At the end of the lesson the students will


be able to:
1. Define philosophy.
2. Identify salient features of philosophy.
3. Cite situational examples where philosophy
is important.
LET’S SEE WHAT YOU
ALREADY KNOW
1 What comes to your mind
whenever you hear the word
Philosophy?
2 What are the important
requirements in doing
Philosophy?
3 How is Philosophy helpful in
our day to day life?
The Meaning of
Philosophy
The ORIGIN OF THE TERM:
The term Philosophy came from
Meaning of
two Greek words philo and
Philosophy sophia which means “to love”
and “wisdom”, respectively.
Simply put, Philosophy means
the love of reasoning making
wisdom as its primary goal.
Understanding:
In order to understand further the
meaning of Philosophy, the following
salient features of it must be taken into
consideration:
A.) Philosophy is a science.
B.) It employs the Natural Light of Reason. The Meaning of
C.) Philosophy has an inclination to Study All Philosophy
Things.
D.) Philosophy employs First Cause or
Highest Principle.
Salient Features of
Philosophy:
Salient Features of Philosophy:
A.) Philosophy is a science.
Philosophy is a science. It is called
such because it is systematic
and follows certain steps or
procedures. In short, it is an organized
body of knowledge same as any
other sciences.
Salient Features of Philosophy:
B.) It employs Natural Light of Reason.
It employs Natural Light of Reason. This
means that philosophical investigation
does not use any laboratory instrument,
investigative tools nor supernatural
approach. Philosophers
use their natural thinking capacity or use
the so-called unaided reason.
Salient Features of Philosophy:
C.) Philosophy has an
inclination to Study All Things.
Philosophy has an inclination to Study All
Things. Other sciences concern themselves
with a particular object of investigation while
Philosophy may deal with human beings,
society and plants among others. It is this
character that Philosophy is considered
multidimensional or holistic
Salient Features of Philosophy:
D.) Philosophy employs First Cause or
Highest Principle.
Philosophy employs First Cause or
Highest Principle. Note that principle
means a reason (or an explanation) from
which something proceeds in any manner
whatsoever.
First Cause or
Highest Principle
Philosophy employs the First
Cause or Highest Principle.

1.) Principle of Identity. This principle


simply means “everything is what it is”.
What is not is not and what is is.

First Cause For example, a seed is a seed and will no


longer be seed when it appears like not a
or Highest seed.

Principle
(Reason)
Philosophy employs the First
Cause or Highest Principle.

2.) Principle of Non-Contradiction. This


principle states that it is impossible for
a particular thing to be and not to be at

First Cause the same time in the same respect.


For example, a seedling is different from
or Highest a seed. If we say that a seedling is a
seed, then that seedling is a seed. They
Principle can

(Reason) never be both.


Philosophy employs the First
Cause or Highest Principle.

3.) Principle of Excluded Middle. This


principle explains that everything must
be “either be or not be” or “either is or is

First Cause not”. There is no middle ground thus the


term “excluded middle”.
or Highest For example, anger is different from
happiness. There is no such thing as a
Principle mixture of anger and happiness.

(Reason)
Philosophy employs the First
Cause or Highest Principle.

4.) Principle of Sufficient Reason. This


principle states that there is sufficient
reason for the being and existence of

First Cause everything. Conversely, nothing exists


without any reason at all.
or Highest For example, to say that something is
unexplainable already gives a reason for
Principle it being unexplainable.

(Reason)
Let’s Try
LET’S SEE WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED
Activity 1
The following are some day-to-day situations or scenarios which doing
philosophy can be helpful:
1. Distinguishing the content of news in social media as to whether it’s fake
or not.
2. Improving one’s reading comprehension.
3. Enhancing one’s argumentative or reasoning skills both in written and
oral communication.
4. Listing down of one’s priorities.
5. Planning activities.
The remaining numbers are yours to fill in.
6. _____________________________________________________________
7. _____________________________________________________________
8. _____________________________________________________________
9. _____________________________________________________________
10. ____________________________________________________________
LET’S SEE WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

Activity 2
Doing philosophy can also be applied to making laws.
Nowadays, the number of minors involved
in criminal acts is rising. There had been proposals by
some legislators that the age of criminal
liability is reduced to 15 years old as opposed to the
usual 18 years old.
Make your arguments regarding this issue. Write your
clear and valid arguments on the space
provided.
Pass your outputs on
messenger.

Deadline 1-17-2023
(until 10:00 AM only)

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