TECHNICAL

DRAWING 8
CHECKING OF ATTENDANCE

Say PRESENT once your name is

called
DRAFTING MATERIALS AND
TOOLS, ITS
USES/FUNCTIONS
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY
LO 1. Prepare hand tools and equipment in technical
drafting
1.1 List hand tools and equipment based on job
requirement
1.2 Identify appropriate hand tools and equipment
1.3 Classify hand tools and equipment according to
function and task requirement
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1. Identify drafting materials and tools, its

uses/functions
 2. Determine the uses and functions of each
drafting materials and tools
3. Draw different drafting materials and explain
their uses.
WHAT IS TECHNICAL DRAWING?
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DRAWING PAPER
Various types of drawing papers are
available for use but hard and soft
surface drawing papers are highly
recommended to be the best. This
type does not groove easily when
pressure is applied to the pencil.
Oslo paper is commonly used but
bond paper is also recommended.
MASKING TAPE

This is used for fastening the

drawing paper on the drawing table
or drawing board because it does
not damage the board and it will not
damage the paper if it is removed
by pulling it off.
PENCIL SHARPENER
Pencils should be sharpened
whenever they show sign of
dullness. Various types and
designs are available in the
store for use.
 ERASER
This is used to clean the dirt
off the drawing. A soft eraser
is advantageous in removing
smudges and pencil marks,
whereas, a harder eraser is
useful for making changes
and correcting errors in the
drawing.
DRAWING PENCIL
This is one of the most important tools in
drawing. It comes in various grades. The
grade of pencil to be used depends on the
quality of paper to be used. You have to take
into consideration also the type of line work
required.
a. Hard Range pencils –
are used where extreme
accuracy is required
especially working on
graphs, diagrams and
charts
b. Medium Range pencils
– are used for general
purpose work in drawing.
c. Soft Range pencils –
are too soft to be used in
mechanical drafting.
They are very useful for
art work of various
kinds.
TRIANGULAR SCALES
This is a tool generally used when reproducing a
drawing in an enlarged or reduced form to some
regular proportion.
ERASING SHIELD
This tool is made up of metal
with irregular holes. It is a
useful tool to protect the rest
of the drawing when clearing
up smudges, unnecessary
pencil lines and other
erasures.
T-SQUARE
It is a drawing instrument used
when making horizontal lines. It
is also used for guiding triangles
when drawing vertical lines. It is
made of wood, plastic or the
combination of both. There are
three (3) types of T- square,
namely:
1. Fixed Head. The head is
fastened to the blade. It is used for
ordinary work.
2. Movable Head or Adjustable
Head. It has one fixed and one
adjustable head and used only for
occasional drawing.
3. Detachable Head or
Removable Head. It is designed
for comfort when carrying the T-
square.
 TRIANGLE
It is a three-sided ruler, which typically has
two equal sides meeting at a 90 degree
angle and to a third side at 45, 30, including
60 degree angles. It is usually made of
plastic and comes in different sizes. If in
use, the base of the triangle must rest on
the blade of the T- square. Drawing a line
always starts from the point near the base
going upward. Commonly used triangles
are:
a. 30 degrees X 60 degrees
b. 45 degrees X 45 degrees
COMPASS
This drawing instrument is used
when drawing arcs and circles. It
is used in a similar way to a
divider. It is composed of one
with the pen leg and the needle
point leg being held together with
a handle. This drawing
instrument can be used for both
penciling and inking.
DIVIDER
This is a drawing instrument used
when transferring measurements,
dividing lines and arcs into the
desired number of equal parts. It
can easily transfer accurate
measurements by adjusting the
divider points. Constant correct
practice is necessary before doing
an actual work for a quick and easy
control when use.
PROTRACTOR
It is a semi-circular instrument
divided into 180 equal parts, each
of which is called a degree. It is
used to determine gradations of
the degrees when measuring
arcs, angles and circles. High
quality protractor is usually made
of plastic.
 Multiple Choices. Select the letter of the correct
answer. Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. What do you call the semicircular instrument divided
into 180 equal parts, each of which is called degrees?
A. Compass B. eraser C. pencil D. protractor
2. Which used to clean the dirt of the drawing?
A. Compass B. eraser C. pencil D. protractor
3. What is the tool that used for drawing arcs and
circles and used as similar to divider, it compose of one
with a pen leg and the needle point being held
together?
A. Compass B. eraser C. pencil D. protractor
4. What is the most important tool of a draftsman that
used for sketching and made of graphite with kaolin
clay?
A. Compass B. eraser C. pencil D. protractor
5. Which used when transferring measurement,
dividing lines, arcs into desired number of equal parts,
it can easily transfer accurate measurement by
adjusting the divider points.
A. divider B. French curve C. masking tape
D. templates
PERFORMANCE TASK
Draw at least 5 drafting materials and tools in
a clean bond paper and explain their uses.