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Principles and Practice of Asepsis

This document discusses the principles and practices of asepsis. It defines asepsis as being free from infection, and describes medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis aims to reduce pathogens through clean and dirty techniques, while surgical asepsis renders and keeps objects sterile. The document outlines best practices for asepsis in client care, including hand washing, sterile techniques, and universal precautions to prevent transmission of unidentified pathogens like hepatitis and HIV. It also defines isolation techniques and categories to separate infectious persons.

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Muhammad Adam
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91 views

Principles and Practice of Asepsis

This document discusses the principles and practices of asepsis. It defines asepsis as being free from infection, and describes medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis aims to reduce pathogens through clean and dirty techniques, while surgical asepsis renders and keeps objects sterile. The document outlines best practices for asepsis in client care, including hand washing, sterile techniques, and universal precautions to prevent transmission of unidentified pathogens like hepatitis and HIV. It also defines isolation techniques and categories to separate infectious persons.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Adam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRINCIPLEs And

PRACTICE of ASEPSIS
OBJECTIVE
After this session student should be able to
1. Define the types of asepsis
2. Explain the basic asepsis in client care
3. Understand the basic principle of
surgical asepsis
4. Explain the types of isolation
5. Understand the universal precaution
DEFINITION
 Asepsis- Free from infection or
infectious disease

 Medical asepsis- Involves procedures


and practices that reduce the
number and transfer pathogens
Type of asepsis
 Medical asepsis

 Surgical asepsis
Medical Asepsis
Involves procedures and practices that reduce
the number and transfer pathogens.
Object are often referred to as clean and dirty
 Clean
 Absence of almost all microorganisma

 Dirty
 Likely presence of microorganisms, some of which can
cause contamination
Surgical Asepsis
 Sterile technique includes practices used to
render and keep objects and areas free
from microorganisms.
Why asepsis important???
PREVENTION
 Body from getting infection / fall sick
 Nosocomial infection.

WHAT CAN WE DO?


Teach asepsis to client
 Wash hand
 Good food handling
 Used individual personal care
Basic Asepsis in Client Care
 Wash hand frequently
 Keep soiled item, linen and equipment from
touching uniform
 Avoid placing dirty linen on the floor
 Cough/sneeze/breath manner.
 Avoid shaking dirty linen
 Clean the least soiled areas first and then the
more soiled ones.
 Dispose soiled item in the correct
container.
 Sterilize instrument
 Personal grooming
 Follow guidelines for isolation and
barrier technique according to policy.
Basic principles of Surgical
Asepsis
 Sterile to sterile
 Open sterile package; open the first edge of
the wrapper is directed away from you as to
avoid touching unsterile clothing.
 Outside of sterile packaging considered
contaminated.
 Avoid spilling any solution on cloth / paper
used a sterile field.
 Hold sterile object above the level of the
waist. This help to ensure to keep object
within sight/prevent contamination.
 Avoid talking, coughing, sneezing or reaching
over the sterile fields.
 Never walk away / turn back on a sterile field
 Any items used to touch open skin should be
sterile.
 All items used for invasive procedure must be
sterile
 Consider 1 inch the outer edge of sterile field
to be contaminated.
 Consider 1 object to be contaminated if you
have any doubt.
Isolation
Definition
 The separation of a person or persons
with an infectious process or with the
potential to develop an infections
process from others.
Involves
1. Category specific isolation
1. Disease
1. Category – specific isolation
Based on 7 categories
• Strict isolation
• Contact isolation
• Respiratory isolation
• Tuberculosis isolation
• Enteric precaution
• Drainage / secretions precaution
• Blood / body fluid precautions
2. Disease – specific precautions
Precaution taken for specific disease e.g
TB cases, isolation and use of mask.
UNIVERSAL PRECAUTION
UNIVERSAL PRECAUTION

Definition
Techniques to be used with all clients to
decrease the risk of transmitting
unidentified pathogens
 a standard procedure observed globally
 Borne pathogens especially Hepatitis and HIV
or any blood fluids containing visible blood
STANDARD PRECAUTION

1. Wash hand
2. Wear clean gloves when touching body
fluids and contaminated items.
3. Wear a mask, eye protection, or a face
shield if splashes or sprays of blood,
body fluids, secretions, or excretions can
be expected.
Cont.. STANDARD PRECAUTION

4. Wear gown in situations where it is


likely that droplet of blood or body
fluids will be splashed or sprayed.

5. Handle client care equipment that


soiled with body fluids carefully to
prevent the transfer of microorganism
to other and to environment.
Cont.. STANDARD PRECAUTION

6. Handle transport and process linen that


soiled with body fluids in a manner to
prevent contamination of clothing and
transfer of microorganism to other and to
environment.

7. Prevent injuries from used equipment.


TYPES OF BODY FLUIDS
 Blood
 Vaginal secretion
 Seminal secretion
 Cerebrospinal fluid
 Synovial fluid
 Pleural fluid
 Pericardial fluid
Cont.. TYPES OF BODY FLUIDS

 Peritoneal fluid
 Amniotic fluid
 Saliva
 Body fluids contaminated with blood
 Body fluid in situation where it is difficult
to differtiate among body fluids

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