PRESENTATION ON REHABILITATION &

MAINTENANCE OF NARAYAN
NIWAS,MAHARASHTRA

BY -
Harshada Bhandare - 191011009
Yuvraj Panchal - 201010909

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Dr. A S Wayal
Associate Professor and Head, Civil and Environmental
Engineering Department, VJTI
Contents
● Basic Terminologies
● Preliminary Investigation
● Distresses Identified
● Causes of Distress
● Test Carried Out
● Repair Methodology
● References
General Information of the Building
01 Name and Types of the : Narayan Niwas (RCC framed Structure)
Building
02 Address : Narayan Niwas, Datar Ali, Pen 402107

03 Year of Construction : 1977 (As per client)

04 Age : 43 (As per client)

05 Mode of use : a) Original use - Residential

b) Present use - Residential
06 No of Storeys : G+2 storied (3 m Floor to Floor Height)

07 No. of wings : 1 Rectangular Shaped

08 Repair History : No

(No external repairs and Flood Reported)

Rehabilitation
● Rehabilitation of a building means returning a building or a structure to a
useful state by means of repair, modification, or alteration.It is related to
the strength aspect of structure.
● Rehabilitation is concept of evaluation of existing structures; strength,
durability and deficiencies, destructive & nondestructive testing, damaged
structures & deterioration mechanisms, materials, criteria & techniques for
repairing and strengthening of concrete structures.

Retrofitting
The process of strengthening of a structure along with structural system so as to
comply with all relevant codal provisions that are in force, during that period.
(Providing something with a component or feature not fitted in construction )
Maintenance
● Building maintenance is work undertaken to keep, restore or improve
every facility, i.e., every part of a building, its services and surrounds to a
currently acceptable standard and to sustain the utility and value of the
facility.Activities include inspection and works necessary to fulfill the
intended function or to sustain original standard of service.
● Repair of the defects occurred in the structure and strengthen them, if
necessary.
Preliminary Investigation
● Rapid/Visual examination of structure was the most effective and qualitative
approach to evaluate the structural soundness and to identify the typical
distress symptoms together with the associated problems.
● Most of the damage assessment has been done by visual inspection. Various
types of repair work for different structural members has been done.
● Information obtained from the physical inspection of damaged structure,
like nature of distress, type of distress, extent damage and its
classification and their causes.
Distresses Identified - Detailed Investigation
● Leakages, dampness, efflorecence and vegetative growth.
● Minor cracks to structural member along with cracks to plaster.
● Spalling of Concrete Cover of concrete
● Reinforcement exposed at few locations.
● Bulging of column
● Sagging of beam/ Sagging of slab.
● Structural member broken, cover concrete fallen & reinforcement
broken also.
● Sellement of Beam
 Detailed Investigation

Cracks
Due to faults in construction, use of inferior &
Vegetation and Algal growth
Algae and vegetation need moisture to grow, as substandard materials, poor workmanship &
well as light and nutrients. It creates unpleasent negligence in quality control & supervision.
feeling, this can be prevented by regular
scrubbing and leakage prevention
 Corroded Reinforcement and Concrete
cover fallen

Exposed Reinforcement
The exposed reinforcing steel resulted from deterioration within the concrete or from
errors during construction.Corrosion of embedded reinforcing steel due to exposure to
water and/or chemicals.
 Leakages to Slab
Damaged Column
Problems related to workmanship like poor mixing of concrete, poor formwork
installation, insufficient clear cover, improper compaction of concrete, improper
curing of concrete, and plumbing failure can lead to water leakage in
concrete.Possible reinforcement corrosion and inadequate bond between concrete
and steel bars are the cause of corrosion reinforcement in concrete columns.
Causes of Distress
● Corrosion of embedded reinforcing steel due to exposure to water and/or
chemicals.
● Presence of moisture and lack of adequate concrete cover to steel.
● Walls absorb water either from its foundation or rain. The roots of plants
get water from such walls.
● Due to faults in construction, use of inferior & substandard materials, poor
workmanship & negligence in quality control & supervision.
● Wear and tear due to low quality materials used.
● Damages caused due to abrasion, wear & tear, impact, dampness, etc.
● Inadequate water tightness of concrete/plaster • Improper joint details of 2
dissimilar materials
What is NDT Test ?
● It is a non-invasive technique to determine the integrity of component or
structure & quantitatively measure some characteristic of an object.
● NDT can be performed repeatedly as and when required even at same
location
Test Carried Out
1. Rebound Hammer Test
2. Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test
3. Half Cell Potentiometer Test
4. Carbonation Test
1. Rebound Hammer Test
● The plunger of rebound hammer is pressed
against the surface of concrete, a spring
controlled mass with a constant energy is
made to hit concrete surface to rebound back.
The extent of rebound, which is a measure of
surface hardness, is measured on a graduated
scale.
● Locations possessing very low rebound
numbers will be identified as weak surface
concrete
Results of Rebound Hammer Test
2. Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test
● Voltage pulses are generated and transformed into
wave bursts of mechanical energy by the
transmitting transducer (which must be coupled to
the specimen surface through a suitable medium).
● A receiving transducer is coupled to the specimen
at a known distance to measure the interval
between the transmission and reception of a pulse.
● There are three practical arrangements for
measuring pulse velocity, namely direct, diagonal
and surface techniques.
3. Half Cell Potentiometer Test
● Practically this achieved by connecting a wire from
one terminal of a voltmeter to the reinforcement and
another wire to the copper sulphate reference
electrode. Then readings taken are at grid of 1 x 1 m.
● This method may be used to indicate the corrosion
activity associated with steel embedded in concrete.
This method can be applied to members regardless of
their size or the depth of concrete cover. This method
can be used at the any time during the life of concrete
member.
4. Carbonation Test
● Carbonation of concrete occurs when the carbon dioxide, in the atmosphere
in the presence of moisture, reacts with hydrated cement minerals to
produce carbonates, e.g. calcium carbonate.
● The extent of carbonation it can be determined easily by spraying a freshly
exposed surface of the concrete with a 1% phenolphthalein solution. The
un-carbonated portion of concrete is changes to pink colour while the
carbonated portion is does not change colour and remains colourless.
Repair Methodology -
Column Jacketing :
Jacketing is a technique used to
increase the strength of existing
structural members (e.g. Columns,
Beams etc.) by providing a “Jacket” of
additional material around the existing
member.
Repair for slabs
● PMM (Polymer Modified Mortar) with epoxy coat with sand sprinkling.

Strengthening of severely damaged RCC slab panels using steel joists :

Procedure –
i. Provide steel joist at L/3 and
ii. Provide FRP wrap at top of slab above the steel joist locations to resist the
negative moment generated in slab.
iii. Repair slab using PMM/Cement concrete as the case may be.
Pressure Grouting

Pressure grouting or jet grouting : The cracks in concrete is filled up by

injecting a low viscosity epoxy resin into the cracks.
The method of epoxy injection grouting ensures crack sealing and provides
structural strength that is stronger than the original concrete. Epoxy grouting also
helps in sealing the cracks.
Vegetation growth
Cut the vegetation by its root.Treat the root area with weedicide or equivalent as
per manufacturers recommendations.
Internal Plastering
Plaster on internal areas, which are not exposed directly to rain and weather, is
applied in one coat and finished smooth. The plastering mix shall be (1:4) and
process will be similar to 1st coat of external plaster. This will be finished on
surface by 3 mm thick Birla white putty.
Repairing of chajjas
All the existing chajjas should be removed completely (leaving 6” part of chajja
end which is attached to wall) and it should be replaced by G.I sheets.
References

● Structural Audit Report of Narayan Niwas, Datar Ali, Pen,Raigad,Maharashtra

● Rebound Hammer figure from Researchagate
THANKYOU