Click to edit Master title style

PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTIONS OF
DISCRETE RANDOM
VARIABLES

1
Click to edit Master title style
OBJECTIVES:
Illustrate
Illustrate probability distribution for discrete random variables and
its properties;

Compute
Compute probabilities corresponding to a given discrete
random variable.

Construct
Construct the probability mass function of a discrete random
variable and its corresponding histogram.

2 2
 Discrete
Click Probability
to edit Master Distribution
title style
A discrete probability distribution consists of the values a
random variable can assume and the corresponding
probabilities..
Example: If the coins are tossed, the possible outcomes are HH, HT, TH or TT.
If it is the random variable for the number of head,

Possible Value of the No Heads One Head Two Heads

HT 1 Number of
heads, X
0 1 2
TH 1 Probability, P
(X)
TT 0 3 3
Click to edit
Example 1:Master title
Construct style
a probability distribution for
rolling a single die.

Sample space { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 }

Each outcome has a probability of

Outcome, X 1 2 3 4 5 6

P(X)

4 4
Click to edit Master
PROPERTIES title style
OF DISCRETE PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

1. The sum of all probabilities should be 1.

2. Probabilities should be confined between zero (0) and 1

P(X) = = 1
5 5
Example 2: Determine
Click to edit whether
Master title style the distributions is a discrete
probability distribution.

P(X) = 1 0 < P(X) < 1

X 3 6 8 X 1 2 3 4 5
A) B)
P(X) -0.3 0.6 0.7 P(X)

No, it is not a discrete Yes, it is a discrete

6 6
Click to3:edit
Example Master
Supposed title
three style
coins are tossed. Let Y be the random variable
representing the number of tails. Construct the probability distribution and
draw the histogram.
Possible Value of the Number of 0 1 2 3
random Tails, Y
Outcomes variable Y
(number of Probability,
tails) P(Y)
HHH 0
HHT 1
HTH 1 3
HTT 2 8
2
THH 1
8
THT 2 1
TTH 2 8

TTT 3 0 7 7
0 1 2
 Example 4: Box A and Box B contain 1, 2, 3, 4. Write the probability mass
Click toand
function edit Master
draw title style
the histogram of the sum when one number from each
box is taken at a time, with replacement.
X 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 3 1 3
P(X) = = =
2 4 2 4
𝟒
𝟏𝟔
(1, 1) (2, 1) (3, 1) (4, 1)
𝟑
2 3 4 5 𝟏𝟔
(1, 2) (2, 2) (3, 2) (4, 2)
3 4 5 6 𝟐
(1, 3) (2, 3) (3, 3) (4, 3) 𝟏𝟔
4 5 6 7 𝟏
(1, 4) (2, 4) (3, 4) (4, 4) 𝟏𝟔
5 6 7 8
0
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
8 8
 Example 5: The following data show the probabilities for the number of cars
Click to edit Master title style
sold in a given day at a car dealer store.
Number of Probability
Cars, X P(X)
0 0.100
A) Find P (X < 2)
1 0.150 P (X < 2) = P(0) + P(1) + P(2)
2 0.250 = 0.100 + 0.150 + 0.250
3 0.140 = 0.500
4 0.090
5 0.080 B) Find P(X > 7)
6 0.060 P (X > 7) = P(7) + P(8) + P(9) + P(10)
7 0.050 = 0.500 + 0.040 + 0.025 + 0.015
= 0.130
8 0.040
9 0.025
10 0.015 9 9
 Example 5: The following data show the probabilities for the number of cars
Click to edit Master title style
sold in a given day at a car dealer store.
Number of Probability
Cars, X P(X)
0 0.100
1 0.150
C) Find P (1 < X < 5)
2 0.250
P (X < 2) = P(1) + P(2) + P(3) + P(4) + P(5)
3 0.140 = 0.150 + 0.250 + 0.140 + 0.090 + 0.080
4 0.090 = 0.710
5 0.080
6 0.060
7 0.050
8 0.040
9 0.025
10 0.015 1010
Click to edit Master title style

THANK YOU FOR

1111