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Science 9 Hydrocarbons

This document discusses hydrocarbons and their different types. It begins by defining hydrocarbons as organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen. It then discusses the three main hydrocarbon groups - alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes. Alkanes contain single bonds, alkenes contain double bonds, and alkynes contain triple bonds. The document provides tables comparing the structures, phase states, carbon numbers, and boiling points of sample compounds from each group. It includes activities for students to learn about hydrocarbon structures and bonding types through models. It ends with a short quiz to assess understanding.

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164 views25 pages

Science 9 Hydrocarbons

This document discusses hydrocarbons and their different types. It begins by defining hydrocarbons as organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen. It then discusses the three main hydrocarbon groups - alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes. Alkanes contain single bonds, alkenes contain double bonds, and alkynes contain triple bonds. The document provides tables comparing the structures, phase states, carbon numbers, and boiling points of sample compounds from each group. It includes activities for students to learn about hydrocarbon structures and bonding types through models. It ends with a short quiz to assess understanding.

Uploaded by

zero kakumaru
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SCIENCE 9

 How do atoms by non-metal elements form their


compounds?
 What type of bonds do non-metals form in compounds?
 What type of Bonds is bonding through sharing of
electrons with other elements?
Task 1. REVEAL THE WORD

1. SCTALRURUT FORUALM
2. NESEDNDCO FORUALM
3. ILNGIBO OITNP
4. ROCARHYDBONS
Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain
carbon and hydrogen atoms only. Hydrocarbons
such as methane, ethane and butane are
components of natural gas. Hydrocarbons are
grouped into families namely, alkanes, alkenes and
alkynes. The compounds in each group have certain
structures that make their properties different from
the other.
Structural formula
 is a formula for a molecular compound that
indicates the atoms present and the bonding
sequence of the atoms. The covalent bonds
between atoms are conveyed as lines connecting
the symbols of the bonded atoms. This formula
gives a clear illustration about the structure of
a compound.
Condensed Formula
is a formula for a molecular compound that
indicates the bonding sequence without
showing all the bonds. It should be clear that
the carbon atoms are bonded together in
sequence, and each carbon is bonded to the
hydrogen atoms next to the formula.
Boiling point
is the temperature at which a liquid
evaporates or becomes vapor.
ACTIVITY 1:
HYDROCARBONS
RUBRICS FOR PRESENTATION:
CRITERIA 4 (EXCELLENT) 3 (GOOD) 2 (FAIR) 1 (POOR)
Content        

(The answers are correct


and clearly stated.)

Presentation        

(The reporters explain their


output diligently and
spontaneously.)

Teamwork        

(Every member of the group


contributed or participated in
the activity given.)
TABLE 1: ALKANES
TABLE 2: ALKENES
TABLE 3: ALKYNES
GUIDE QUESTIONS:
 Q1. What are the types of bonds present in the following: alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes?
 Q2. Using Tables 1 to 3, what pattern do you observe in terms of the phase, number of
carbon atoms, structure and boiling point of the alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes? Explain the
patterns you observe.
 Q3. What do you think will be the boiling point of the next alkane, alkene, and alkyne? Will
the boiling point of each hydrocarbon be higher or lower? Explain your answer.
 Q4. Why do you think some hydrocarbons are gases and others are liquids?
 Q5. Why do you think there are many hydrocarbon compounds?
 Q6. What hydrocarbon compounds are gases and liquids? What are the uses of gaseous
hydrocarbon compounds and liquid hydrocarbon compounds?
Task 2: Look-A-Like
Direction: Given the following names and condensed
structural formula of different hydrocarbons, make a
3D model from the materials provided by the teacher.
Methane = CH4
Propene = CH2=CHCH3
Ethyne = C2H2
EXAMPLE:

Ethene = CH2=CH2 =
VIDEO PRESENTATION:

Video link: http://youtu.be/1UE3hZ7cOP0


Follow Ups:
1. What are hydrocarbons?
2. What are the two types of hydrocarbons?
3. Differentiate saturated hydrocarbons and unsaturated
hydrocarbons.
4. What hydrocarbon that is connected by at least one double
bond? Triple bond?
COMMON GROUPS OF HYROCARBONS:

1.Alkanes
are hydrocarbon compounds that only have single bonds in the
compounds. Alkanes are also known as saturated hydrocarbons
because additional hydrogen atoms can no longer bond in the
compound. The first alkane is methane, CH4, and the second member
is ethane,CH3CH3, which are common alkane compounds. The
name of the compounds in this group all end with -ane.
COMMON GROUPS OF HYROCARBONS:

2. Alkenes
are hydrocarbons that have one or more carbon-carbon
double bonds in their structures. The name of alkene
compounds end in –ene. The simplest alkenes are
ethene, CH2CH2, and propene, CH2CHCH3
COMMON GROUPS OF HYROCARBONS:

3. Alkynes
contain at least one carbon-carbon triple bond.
The most common alkyne compound is ethyne or
acetylene
Short Quiz:
Direction: Read the questions carefully and choose the correct
answer.
1. Which of the following describes hydrocarbons?
a. Hydrocarbons are inorganic compounds that contain carbon and
hydrogen atoms only.
b. Hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen
atoms only.
c. Hydrocarbons are inorganic compounds that contain carbon atoms only.
d. Hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain carbon atoms only.
2. What type of bond/s formed in alkanes?
a. Single bond c. Triple bond
b. Double bond d. None of the above
3. What type of bond/s formed in alkenes?
a. Single bond c. Triple bond
b. Double bond d. None of the above
4. What type of bond/s formed in alkynes?
a. Single bond c. Triple bond
b. Double bond d. None of the above
5. What is the correct structural formula of Methane?
a. b.

c. d.
HOMEWORK:
Direction: Write a structural formula
of hydrocarbons. Select two examples
from each types. Write it in a ½
crosswise paper.
Quotes of the Day:
“ Never Give up without even
trying. Do what you can, no matter
how small the effect it may have ! “
- Onoki (Naruto)

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