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Microsoft Official Course: Controllers

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47 views19 pages

Microsoft Official Course: Controllers

Uploaded by

saber
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Microsoft Official Course

Module04

Developing ASP.NET MVC 4


Controllers
Module Overview

Writing Controllers and Actions


• Writing Action Filters
Lesson 1: Writing Controllers and Actions

Responding to User Requests


Writing Controller Actions
Using Parameters
Passing Information to Views
Demonstration: How to Create a Controller
• What Are Controller Factories?
Responding to User Requests
When an MVC web application receives a user request, the following
events occur:

MvcHandler creates a controller factory.

Controller factory creates a Controller object and


MvcHandler calls the Execute method.

ControllerActionInvoker examines RequestContext and


determines the action to call.

ControllerActionInvoker determines the values to be


passed to the action as parameters.

ControllerActionInvoker runs the action.


Writing Controller Actions

• Writing a Controller action includes:


• Creating a Simple Details Action
• Using GET and POST HTTP Verbs in Actions
• Creating Action Result Classes
• Creating Child Actions
• Sample controller action
public ActionResult First () {

Photo firstPhoto = context.Photos.ToList()[0];

if (firstPhoto != null) {

return View("Details", firstPhoto);

} else {

return HttpNotFound();

}
}
Using Parameters
The DefaultModelBinder obtains the Title parameter from the query string and
passes it to the title parameter of the GetPhotoByTitle method, because the names
match.
http://www.adventureworks.com/photo/getphotobytitle?title=myfirstphoto

DefaultModelBinder

public ActionResult GetPhotoByTitle (string title){


var query = from p in context.Photos
where p.Title == title
select p;
Photo requestedPhoto = (Photo)query.FirstOrDefault();
return View("Details", requestedPhoto);
}
Passing Information to Views

• To pass information to views that have model


classes, you can use the:
• View() helper method: To pass information from a
controller action to a view
• To pass information to views that do not have
model classes, you can use the:
• ViewBag property : To dynamically add objects of any
type
• ViewData Dictionary property: Used in MVC 2 to add
extra data to views. Available in MVC 4 for backward
compatibility
Using the ViewBag Object

Adding Information:

ViewBag.Message = "This text is not in the model object";


ViewBag.ServerTime = DateTime.Now;

Retrieving Information:

<p>
The message of the day is: @ViewBag.Message
</p>
<p>
The time on the server is: @ViewBag.ServerTime.ToString()
</p>
Demonstration: How to Create a Controller

In this demonstration, you will see how to:


1. Add a controller to an MVC application.
2. Write an action that displays a list of model objects.
3. Write an action that displays the details of a model
object.
4. Write HTTP GET and POST actions that create and save
a new model object.
What Are Controller Factories?

• Controller factories instantiate the controllers that you


create
• You can create a controller factory by:
• Using the built-in DefaultControllerFactory class
• Creating a custom controller factory for modifying the
criteria for selecting controllers or for providing support
for testing
• You need to register custom controller facory by using the
ControllerBuilder class in the Global.asax file
A Custom Controller Factory

public class AdWorksControllerFactory : IControllerFactory


{
public IController CreateController (RequestContext requestContext,
string ControllerName)
{
Type targetType = null;
if (ControllerName == "Photo") {
targetType = typeof(PhotoController);
} else {
targetType = typeof(GeneralPurposeController);
}
return targetType == null ? null :
(IController)Activator.CreateInstance(targetType);
}
}
Lesson 2: Writing Action Filters

What Are Filters?


Creating and Using Action Filters
• Discussion: Action Filter Scenarios
What Are Filters?

•Some requirements cut across logical boundaries are


called cross-cutting concerns. Examples include:
• Authorization
• Logging
• Caching
•There are four different types of filters:
• Authorization filters run before any other filter and before the code
in the action method
• Action filters run before and after the code in the action method
• Result filters run before and after a result is returned from an action
method
• Exception filters run only if the action method or another filter
throws an exception
Creating and Using Action Filters

Sample Action Filter

public class SimpleActionFilter : ActionFilterAttribute {


public override void OnActionExecuting
(ActionExecutingContext filterContext) {
Debug.WriteLine("This Event Fired: OnActionExecuting");
}
public override void OnActionExecuted
(ActionExecutedContext filterContext) {
Debug.WriteLine("This Event Fired: OnActionExecuted");
}
}
Discussion: Action Filter Scenarios

Discuss the following scenarios:


• A photo sharing application with discussion amongst
friends
• Passing correct parameters to the GetImage method
• Preventing unauthenticated users from adding
comments to a photo
• Preventing malicious users from intercepting credentials
Lab: Developing ASP.NET MVC 4 Controllers

Exercise 1: Adding an MVC Controller and Writing the


Actions
Exercise 2: Optional—Writing the Action Filters in a
Controller
• Exercise 3: Using the Photo Controller
Logon Information
Virtual Machine: 20486B-SEA-DEV11
User name: Admin
Password: Pa$$w0rd
Note: In Hyper-V Manager, start the MSL-TMG1
virtual machine if it is not already running.

Estimated Time: 60 minutes


Lab Scenario

You have been asked to add a controller to the photo sharing application that
corresponds to the Photo model class that you have created in an earlier
module. The controller should include actions that respond when users upload
photos, list all photos, display a single photo, and delete photos from the
application. You should also add an action that returns the photo as a .jpg file
to show on a webpage.
The members of your development team are new to ASP.NET MVC and they
find the use of controller actions confusing. Therefore, you need to help them
by adding a component that displays action parameters in the Visual Studio
Output window whenever an action runs. You will add an action filter to
achieve this.
Note: The controllers and views that you have added in Lab 2 were to test
your new model classes. They have been removed from the project to create
the actual controllers. You will create temporary views to test these controllers
at the end of this lab.
Lab Review

What will happen if you click the Edit or Delete links


in the Index view in the Lab?
Why did you use the ActionName annotation for
the DeleteConfirmed action in the PhotoController
class?
• In the lab, you added two actions with the name,
Create. Why is it possible to add these actions
without using the ActionName annotation?
Module Review and Takeaways

Review Question(s)
• Best Practice

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