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Free-Body Diagram New

This document discusses Newton's first law of motion and free body diagrams. It provides examples of different forces including friction, normal force, gravity, tension, thrust, and applied forces. It then works through 8 practice problems drawing free body diagrams for different scenarios including a book at rest, an egg falling, a gliding squirrel, a book being pushed across a desk, a skydiver falling, a sled being dragged through snow, a football in flight, and a car coasting to a stop. The document teaches how to construct free body diagrams by identifying all the forces acting on an object and drawing them with the correct direction and relative size.

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larsen445
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191 views26 pages

Free-Body Diagram New

This document discusses Newton's first law of motion and free body diagrams. It provides examples of different forces including friction, normal force, gravity, tension, thrust, and applied forces. It then works through 8 practice problems drawing free body diagrams for different scenarios including a book at rest, an egg falling, a gliding squirrel, a book being pushed across a desk, a skydiver falling, a sled being dragged through snow, a football in flight, and a car coasting to a stop. The document teaches how to construct free body diagrams by identifying all the forces acting on an object and drawing them with the correct direction and relative size.

Uploaded by

larsen445
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Free Body Diagrams

Newton’s 1st Law

• An object in motion stays in motion in a


straight line, unless acted upon by
unbalanced force.
• A push or pull will cause object to speed
up, slow down, or change direction.
Review: Forces are Balanced

Object at Rest Objects in Motion


V = zero m/s V  ≠ zero m/s

a = 0 m/s2 a = 0 m/s2

Stay at Rest Stay in Motion


(same speed
and direction
Inertia
• Basically, objects just keep on doing
whatever they are doing unless they are
acted upon by an unbalanced force.
Free-body diagrams
Free-body
diagrams are
pictures that
show the size
and direction of
all forces acting
on an object.
Steps to drawing a free body diagram

1.Pick one object to analyze


2.Draw a box to represent the object
3.Draw an arrow to represent each force acting on the object
4.Make sure the arrow shows the direction and relative size of
the force
What are all the forces we
could see in a FBD?
Force Symbol Definition Direction

Friction Ff The contact force that acts to oppose Parallel to surface &
sliding motion between surfaces opposite direction of
sliding
Normal FN The contact force exerted by a Perpendicular to & away
surface on an object from the surface
Spring Fsp A restoring force, that is, the push or Opposite the
pull a spring exerts on an object displacement of the
object at end of spring
Tension FT The pull exerted by a string, rope, or Away from object &
cable when attached to a body & parallel to spring, rope
pulled taut or cable at point of
attachment
Thrust Fthrust A general term for the forces that In same direction as
move objects such as rockets, acceleration of object
planes, cars & people
Weight Fg A long-range force due to Straight down toward
gravitational attraction between two center of Earth
objects, generally Earth & an object
Problem 1
A book is at rest on a table top. Diagram the forces acting on the book.
Problem 1

In this diagram, there are normal and gravitational forces on the


book.
Problem 1

The forces are balanced (they cancel each other out)


Problem 2
An egg is free-falling from a nest in a tree. Neglect air resistance. Draw a
free-body diagram showing the forces involved.
Problem 2

Gravity is the only force acting on the egg as it falls.


Problem 2

The forces are unbalanced, so the egg will accelerate downward.


Problem 3
A flying squirrel is gliding (no wing flaps) from a tree to the ground at
constant velocity. Consider air resistance. A free body diagram for this
squirrel looks like…
Problem 3

Gravity pulls down on the squirrel while air resistance keeps the squirrel
in the air for a while.
Problem 4

A rightward force is applied to a book at rest, in order to move it


across a desk. Consider frictional forces. Neglect air resistance.
Construct a free-body diagram for the book.
Note the applied force arrow pointing
to the right. Notice how friction force
points in the opposite direction. Finally,
there are still gravity and normal forces
involved.
Problem 5

A skydiver is falling with a constant velocity. Consider air resistance.


Draw a free-body diagram for the skydiver.
Gravity pulls down on the skydiver,
while air resistance pushes up as
she falls.
Problem 6

A man drags a sled across loosely packed snow with a rightward


acceleration. Draw a free-body diagram of the forces acting on the
sled.
The rightward force arrow points to the right. Friction slows his progress
and pulls in the opposite direction. Since there is not information that we
are in a blizzard, normal forces still apply as does gravitational force since
we are on planet Earth.
Problem 7

A football is moving upwards toward its peak after having been


booted by the punter. Neglect air resistance. Draw a free-body
diagram of the football in mid-air.
The force of gravity is the
only force described. It is
not a windy day (no air
resistance).
Problem 8

A car runs out of gas and coasts to a stop on flat ground. Draw a free
body diagram of the forces acting on the car.
Even though the car is coasting
down the hill, there is still the
dragging friction of the road
(left pointing arrow) as well as
gravity and normal forces.

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