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Group 8 Elements

The document discusses the properties of group 8 elements (noble gases) on the periodic table. It outlines trends in their atomic radius, melting/boiling points, electronic configuration, ionization energy, and reactivity. Specifically, it notes that the noble gases are monoatomic, colorless gases that do not form compounds due to their stable electronic configuration with a full outer shell. Properties generally increase down the group as atomic size increases.

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mya thet htar swe
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555 views

Group 8 Elements

The document discusses the properties of group 8 elements (noble gases) on the periodic table. It outlines trends in their atomic radius, melting/boiling points, electronic configuration, ionization energy, and reactivity. Specifically, it notes that the noble gases are monoatomic, colorless gases that do not form compounds due to their stable electronic configuration with a full outer shell. Properties generally increase down the group as atomic size increases.

Uploaded by

mya thet htar swe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Teacher Mya/Yr-9 Chemistry/IIP 1

The structure of the atom

Mya Thet Htar Swe


(PhD, Pharmaceutical
Engineering)
2

Group 8 elements
 The Noble gases
 They are all monoatomic, colorless gases
 The Group 0 elements all have full outer shells
 Helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), Xenon (Xe), Radon
(Rn)
3

Group 8 elements
(1) Physical properties
 Colorless, odorless
 Gases at room temperature
 Does not form compounds
4

Group 8 elements
(1) Trends in Atomic Radius/Atomic size of Group 8 Elements
 Go down from top to bottom, atomic radius increase
Atomic radius
Name Trend
(pm)

Helium (He) 40 smallest

Neon (Ne) 70 ↓

Argon (Ar) 94 ↓

Krypton (Kr) 109 ↓

↓
Xenon  (Xe) 130

Radon (Rn) 140 largest


5

Group 8 elements
(2) Trends in the Melting Point/Boiling Point of Group 8
Elements
 The Noble gases are in Group VIII (or Group O) and have
very low melting and boiling points

 Go down from top to bottom, the melting and boiling points increases

Melting Point Boiling Point Physical


Name
(M.P.oC) (B.P.oC) state
Helium (He) -270 -269 gas
Neon (Ne) -249 -246 gas
Argon (Ar) -189 -186 gas
Krypton (Kr) -157 -153 gas
Xenon  (Xe) -112 -108 gas
Radon (Rn) -71 -61 gas
6

Group 8 elements
(3) Trends in Electronic Configuration of Group 8 Elements
 Group 8 elements have 8 valence electrons (8 electrons in the valence shell or 
highest energy level).
 This electronic configuration is extremely stable so these elements are
unreactive and are inert
Name Electronic
Atomic Number (Z)
(Symbol) Configuration

Helium (He) 2 2

Neon (Ne) 10 2,8

Argon (Ar) 18 2,8,8

Krypton (Kr) 36 2,8,18,8


Xenon  (Xe) 54 2,8,18,18,8
2,8,18,32,18,8
Radon (Rn) 86
7

Group 8 elements
(4) Trends in Ionisation Energy of Group 8 Elements
 Go down from top to bottom, ionisation energy decreases

Name Ionisation Energy (kJ mol-1) Trend

Helium (He) 2372 largest

Neon (Ne) 2081 ↓

Argon (Ar) 1521 ↓

Krypton (Kr) 1351 ↓


↓
Xenon  (Xe) 1170

Radon (Rn) 1037 smallest


8

Group 8 elements
(5) Trends in Reactivity of Group 8 Elements
9

Summary

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