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Lesson 1. Plate Boundaries

This document discusses plate tectonics and plate boundaries. It describes the three main types of plate boundaries: divergent boundaries where plates move apart, convergent boundaries where plates collide, and transform boundaries where plates slide past each other. Key events at each boundary type are mentioned such as sea floor spreading, mountain building, and earthquakes. Examples of specific boundaries and their associated geographic features are provided, like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and San Andreas Fault. The document also discusses early theorists in continental drift theory like Snider-Pellegrini and Wegener who contributed to the development of plate tectonics theory.

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Ma’am Diana V.
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41 views

Lesson 1. Plate Boundaries

This document discusses plate tectonics and plate boundaries. It describes the three main types of plate boundaries: divergent boundaries where plates move apart, convergent boundaries where plates collide, and transform boundaries where plates slide past each other. Key events at each boundary type are mentioned such as sea floor spreading, mountain building, and earthquakes. Examples of specific boundaries and their associated geographic features are provided, like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and San Andreas Fault. The document also discusses early theorists in continental drift theory like Snider-Pellegrini and Wegener who contributed to the development of plate tectonics theory.

Uploaded by

Ma’am Diana V.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT: 1

UNIT :1
EARTH AND
SPACE
UNIT: 1
HOW OLD IS
OUR PLANET?
UNIT: 1
HOW MANY
CONTINENTS/HUGE
LAND MASSES
DOES EARTH HAVE?
UNIT: 1
IN WHAT
CONTINENT DOES
OUR COUNTRY
CAN FOUND?
UNIT: 1
IN WHAT
CONTINENT DOES
OUR COUNTRY
CAN FOUND?
Plate Tectonics
A Plate is a part of the lithosphere,
which includes the uppermost part of
the mantle and the crust above it
Lesson 1: PLATE BOUNDARIES

Plate boundaries are the edges where


two plates meet. Most geologic
activities, including volcanoes,
earthquakes, and mountain building,
take place at plate boundaries.
Antonio Snider-Pellegrini (1802–1885) was a French
geographer and scientist who theorized that the west
coast of Africa and east coast of Africa had once been
connected as a single continent. He believed that this
giant landmass drifted apart eventually in order to
balance the face of the earth.
Alfred Wegener, in full Alfred Lothar Wegener, (born
November 1, 1880, Berlin, Germany—died November 1930,
Greenland), German meteorologist and geophysicist who
formulated the first complete statement of the
Continental drift hypothesis in 1910
The plate Tectonics Theory
Wegener’s Continental drift theory is a
stepping stone in understanding the
geological nature of the planet. One of its
most significant contributions to geological
studies is its being able to lay down the
foundation for the plate tectonics theory.
The plate Tectonics Theory
It explains that Earth’s outer shell is
broken up into several slabs or rocks called
plates, which glide gradually over the molten
inner layer. The surface of the earth is
divided into six to seven medium sized plate
and another two small ones that slide across
the mantle.
THREE TYPES OF
PLATE BOUNDARIES
1. Divergent (Spreading)
The plates move apart and create space
between them for the rising magma. As the two
plates drift toward opposite directions, the
molten rocks from the asthenosphere rise up and
fill gap existing between the divergent plates.
Eventually, the molten rocks cool down and form
new section of the ocean floor. This process is
called sea floor spreading.
1. Divergent (Spreading)
Sea floor spreading is responsible for the
formation of oceanic rift valleys which are
low lying regions of land formed by the
separation of tectonic plates.
Geologic Events
* Rising of magma(Sea floor spreading)
*Earthquakes
*Volcanoes
*Ridges
*Rift Valley
Major effect of Divergent Plate
Boundary

1. Ridges -a long, narrow elevation of land; a


chain of hills or mountains.
Major effect of Divergent Plate
Boundary

2. Rift Valley-Low lying regions of land


formed by the separation of tectonic
plates. Continental rift valley ;east African rift system
Examples:
1. Ocean to Ocean (Oceanic Plate)
*Sea floor spreading

Mid-Atlantic
Ridge (MAR)
Examples:
2.Continent-Continent
*Widening and separating of
land
2. Convergent (Colliding)
A Region where two plate collide .The
convergent zones may occur between two
oceanic plate, two continental plate or one
oceanic and one continental plate.
2. Convergent (Colliding)
Sometimes when two plate collides, the
edge of one plate bend downward and sinks
beneath the opposite plate. This process is
called subduction.
Subduction is more evident during
convergence between Oceanic crust and
continental crusts or between two
oceanic crusts.
The oceanic lithosphere is
made up of basaltic
rocks, which make them
denser and older but
thinner than the
continental lithosphere
Sample: Continental to Continental plate

Andes Mountain Range


Oceanic to Oceanic Plate
The colder, the older and denser plate sinks to
the asthenosphere beneath the new , less dense
plate .
Geologic Events
* Mountain Range
*Trench
*Volcanic Arc
*Earthquake
3. Transform or Lateral Fault
A Boundary where plate slides
past each other in opposite
directions. The fracture that makes
up the fault itself is said to located
between diverging or converging
plates. It exits commonly on the
ocean floor.
According to Earth
Scientist(Geologist), San Andreas
Fault Zone (SAFZ) has been moving
for approximately 28-30 million
years and the plates have slipped a
distance of about 300-350 km since
its first movement.
West Valley Fault
Geologic Events
* Fracture/Faults
ACTIVITY:

Do the activity “Let Us Apply” A and B on


page 11-12 of your Science book.

-After answering, take a picture of your


answer, then send to Maam Diana
(Messenger app) with a picture while your
doing the activity/experiment per procedure.

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