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Wireless Isp Overview

This document provides an overview of wireless ISP systems using MikroTik equipment. It describes WISPs as using fixed, line-of-sight wireless connections between a central node and clients, in contrast to mobile services. It covers topics like spread spectrum technologies, frequency bands, antenna types and configurations, cabling requirements, and wireless network topologies for point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connections. The document also provides examples of wireless setup diagrams and guidance on configuring the base unit, RF and IP networks, and performing system diagnostics.

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Abu Fadilah
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
45 views

Wireless Isp Overview

This document provides an overview of wireless ISP systems using MikroTik equipment. It describes WISPs as using fixed, line-of-sight wireless connections between a central node and clients, in contrast to mobile services. It covers topics like spread spectrum technologies, frequency bands, antenna types and configurations, cabling requirements, and wireless network topologies for point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connections. The document also provides examples of wireless setup diagrams and guidance on configuring the base unit, RF and IP networks, and performing system diagnostics.

Uploaded by

Abu Fadilah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Description of

Wireless ISP System

MikroTik Wireless Internet Service


Provider Systems
What is WISP ?
 It is fixed wireless service between the
central node and the client
 direct line of sight required
 low power radios and high gain antennas are
used
 It IS NOT a mobile service.

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


RF Information
 Broadband Technology
 Spread Spectrum Technology
 Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)
 Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS)
 Frequencies for Unlicensed SS
 2400-2483MHz ISM band, or
 5725-5875MHz ISM band

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


DS versus FH
 Direct Sequence
 (+) Faster (up to 11 Mbps) and Greater Range
 (+) recently standardization has made this the
lowest cost radio
 Frequency Hopping
 (-) higher cost per radio
 (-) Slower (max 3 Mbps) and Limited Range

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


2.4GHz Spread Spectrum
 Channels
 1 to 13 depending on the set
 three non-overlapping ones
 Interference

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


Antenna Types
 Directional
 Parabolic
 Yagi or Loop Yagi
 Sectorial
 Horns
 Omnidirectional

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


Antenna Polarity
 Omnidirectional and Sectorial Antennas
 Vertical E-Plane
 Directional Antennas
 Vertical or Horizontal E-Plane depending on
the mounting of antenna
 For communicating radios the antennas
should match the polarity

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


Mounting of Antennas
 Polarity
 Vertical and Horizontal Alignment
 Safety
 Lightning Strikes

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


Cabling Requirements
 High Quality Cables
 Low Loss - LMR-400 / Belden 99xx
 Super Low Loss - LMR-600
 Cable Length - as short as possible
 Recommended 3-5m for omni antennas
 ~10m for directional antennas, depending on
the distances, antenna gains, and radio power

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


Cable Connectors
 Standard
 N Connectors (male or female) for antennas
 Proprietary
 RP-TNC Connectors for Aironet Radio

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


Using Antenna Calculator
 Distances to be covered
 Cabling Length
 Antenna Gains
 Radio
 Power
 Receive Sensitivity

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


WISP Topologies
 Point to point links
 (+) longer distances (max 30-40km)
 (-) higher cost/client
 Point to multipoint links
 (+) serving multiple clients at lower cost/client
 (+) larger area of coverage
 (-) lower range (max 5-12km)

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


What can be connected?
 Internet Connectivity
 Client’s LAN to the ISP
 Client LAN uses a Wireless Gateway Router which
connects to the Base Station of the ISP
 Client's Computer to the ISP
 Client’s Computer with a Wireless NIC connects to
the Base Station of the ISP

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


What can be connected?
 Intranet Connectivity
 Client’s LAN1 to Client’s LAN2
 Client’s LAN at a remote location uses a Wireless
Router which connects to the Wireless Router at
the main office
 Client's Computer to the Client’s LAN
 Client’s Computer at a remote location connects to
the Wireless Router at the main office

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


Wireless Setup Diagrams
 Used conventions

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


Base Setup

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


Repeater Setup

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


Advanced Repeater Setup

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


Base Setup with Backbone

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


Point-to-Point Setup

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


IP Questionnaire
 Type of cable used
 10 Base 2, 10 Base T, 10/100 Mbps?
 If fiber optic - get a transceiver to 10BaseT…
 What IP addresses are used
 what network, network mask? Get one address
for the router as the gateway for the LAN.
 No addresses used yet.
 Assign a private network, e.g., 192.168….
 Use addresses given by the ISP
11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP
RF Network Configuration
 System Identificator
 Should be unique
 Channel / Frequency
 Should have minimal interference with other
systems
 Data Rates

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


Base Unit Configuration
 Connect the Antenna
 Connect the Ethernet Cable
 Connect the RS-232 Console Cable
 Use Terminal Emulation Program on your
Laptop or Desktop PC
 Connect the Power Supply
 Power the unit on

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


Basic Configuration
 Configure RF Parameters
 System Identifier
 Frequency
 Data Rates
 Configure the Identification Parameters
 Name
 IP Address / Mask / Default Gateway

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


Things to Remember
 Association Restriction
 Maintain a list of controlled nodes
 Turn Autoregistration off
 Passwords for the Unit
 Write - View and Change the Configuration,
perform Diagnostics
 Read - View Configuration

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


IP Network Configuration
 Global Addresses
 use routing configuration
 Local Addresses, no server
 use masquerading
 Local Addresses, local server
 use masquerading and NAT

11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP


System Diagnostics
 Check the RF Communication
 Registration/Association
 Signal Strength and Quality
 Link Speed
 Check the IP Configuration
 Network Address/Mask
 Routing, Default Gateway
 Ping, Traceroute
11 May, 2002 MikroTik WISP

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