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Combination Tanning L.C

Combination tanning involves tanning hides through more than one tanning process to produce leather with a blend of properties. It can combine chrome tanning with vegetable tanning, or vegetable tanning with alum or silica acid tanning. The proportions of each tanning method determine the final properties. Combination tanning allows for customized properties and provides an alternative to chrome tanning by reducing its environmental impact.

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123 views10 pages

Combination Tanning L.C

Combination tanning involves tanning hides through more than one tanning process to produce leather with a blend of properties. It can combine chrome tanning with vegetable tanning, or vegetable tanning with alum or silica acid tanning. The proportions of each tanning method determine the final properties. Combination tanning allows for customized properties and provides an alternative to chrome tanning by reducing its environmental impact.

Uploaded by

SHAWN TAKAONA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMBINATION TANNING

COMBINATION TANNING

• Combination Tanning is when hides have been both chrome tanned and vegetable tanned to produce
leather with a combination of both tanning properties, it is sometimes called veg re-tanned or semi veg
tanned
• Combination tanning can also be a combination of vegetable tanning and alum tanning, or a
combination of vegetable tanning and silica acid tanning hence combination tanning is a combination of
two tanning processes to produced an improved tanned leather with new or a combination of properties.
• The properties of the leather are determined buy how much of each type of tanning is done.
• After the pre-tanning processes curing limning deliming bating and pickling of hides to remove hairs,
wools, fat residues and change the pH
VEGETABLE TANNING AND CHROME TANNING

• The properties for vegetable tanned leather are rich colors, stiffness, thickness, long lasting
and properties for chrome tanning softness, water resistance, thinness and stretchiness
• Either tanning process can be done first but usually chrome tanning is done then followed
by vegetable tanning
• This creates a leather that has a combination of the above properties a leather that is thin,
soft, water resistance but also rich in color and long lasting
• Leather used to make clothing such a jackets or hand bags can imply this kind of tanning
where appearance and durability are key
SILICA ACID TANNING AND VEGETABLE
TANNING
• Silica acid is derived from sodium silicate
• Tanning with silicate produces a leather that has poor storage stability hance it is combined with
veg tanning to improve the comprehensive performance of the leather
• It is combined to 1:1 ratio of mass of silica to veg tanning
• Extracts from the mimosa and valonia can be used for the veg tanning
• Leather tanned with this combination possessed improved thermal stability, acceptable softness,
enhanced mechanical properties, appropriate hydrophilicity and enhanced storage stability
• This leather can be used to make furniture and shoes
ALUM TANNING AND VEGETABLE TANNING

• Is a combination of akum tanning and vegetable tanning either wattle or henna can be used
• Henna-aluminum tannage is used for the tanning of upper leather
• Extracts from the Lawsonia inerims(Henna) leaves and aluminum sulphate
• Firstly tanning with 1% or 2% Aluminum then followed by 20% of henna Al-henna but
henna-Al tanning that is tanning with Henna first produces a better leather
• The tanning is done with a pH range between 4,5-4,7 and it takes about 7 hours
• This combination tanning produces a particular soft leather can be used to make clothes
ADVANTAGES OF COMBINATION TANNING

• It is specific it targets the short coming of some of the tanning processes for example in
the silica acid and veg tanning combination
• Modification can be done to improve some properties of create new desired properties for
example chrome tanned and veg tanning combination
• Chrome free tanning can be done with other combinations making them environmentally
friendly causing less pollution
ALTERNATIVE TO CHROME TANNING

COMBINATION TANNING CHROME TANNING


• Takes longer a few days or weeks • Takes a short time a day or so
• Specific properties on the leather • A fixed set of properties
• Cause little to no pollution • Causes a lot of pollution
• Colors are rich and deep • Colors vary
• More expensive • Less expensive
CONCLUSION

• There are other combination systems such as the dialdehyde alginic acid (DAA) using
glutaraldehyde, oxazolidine and Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate (THPS)
• Combination tanning is an alterative focusing to reduce or stop the usage of chrome
tanning which causes a lot of pollution
• It is also used too make custom leather with specific properties in mind such as high
mechanical strength and waterproof or a combination of both
REFERENCES

1. L. Yang et al. Journal of Leath ( er Science and Engineering (2021)


2. Musa, A., Aravindhan, R., Madhan, B., Rao, J. and Chandrasekaran, B., 2011. Henna-aluminum
combination tannage: A greener alternative tanning system. Journal of the American Leather
Chemists Association, 106(06), pp.190-199.
3. FATHIMA, N.N., Saravanabhavan, S., RAO, J.R. and NAIR, B.U., 2004. An eco-benign tanning
system using aluminium, tannic acid, and silica combination. environments, 3, p.4.

4. Zhang, Z., Liu, Y., Wang, J., Xie, T., Sun, L. and Li, Z., 2021. A chrome-free combination tanning
strategy: based on silicic acid and plant tannin. Journal of Leather Science and Engineering, 3(1),
pp.1-13.
THE END

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