COMPUTER INTEGRATED

MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS

• Introduction to manufacturing
system
• Introduction to CIM
• Components of a CIM

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 Manufacturing System Defined

“A collection of integrated equipment and human

resources, whose function is to perform one or
more processing and/or assembly operations on raw
a starting material, part, or set of parts”
 Equipment includes
 Production machines and tools
 Material handling and work positioning
 devices
Computer
 Human systems
resources are required either full-time or periodically to keep
the system running
 A Manufacturing System is where the value added work is
accomplished on the parts and the products.
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 Examples of Manufacturing Systems

 Single-station cells
 Machine clusters Manual
 assembly lines Automated
 transfer lines Automated
 assembly systems
 Machine cells (cellular
 manufacturing)
Flexible manufacturing systems

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 Single Station Cell: One worker tending one production
machine that operates on semi-automatic cycle
 Machine Cluster: One worker tends a group of semi-
automatic machines
 Manual Assembly Line: A production line consisting of
a series of workstations at which assembly operations are
performed by humans to gradually build a product as it
moves the line.
 Automated Assembly Line: It performs a sequence of
automated or mechanized assembly operations.
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Groover.
 Automated Transfer Line: Production line consisting
of automated workstations that perform processing
operations.
 Machine Cell: It performs operations on a family of
parts
or products that are similar but not identical (Cellular
Manufacturing)
 Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS): A
highly
automated machine cell that produces parts/product
families.

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 Workstation defined

 In a manufacturing system, the term WORKSTATION

refers to a location in the factory, where a well-defined
task or operation is accomplished by an automated
machine, a worker and a machine combination, or a
worker using hand tools and/or portable power tools.
 A given manufacturing system consists of one or more
workstations.
 A system with multiple workstations is called a
production line, machine cell depending on its
configuration and function.
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 Manually Operated Machine

Manually operated machines are controlled or supervised by a human

worker. The machine provides the power for the operation and the
worker provides the control. The entire work cycle is operator
controlled.
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 Semi-Automated Machine

A semi-automated machine performs a portion of the work cycle under

some form of program control, and a worker tends to the machine for
the remainder of the cycle. Typical worker tasks include loading and
unloading parts.
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 Fully-Automated Machine

Machine operates for extended periods (longer than one work cycle)
without worker attention (periodic attending may be
needed).
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 Introduction to Computer integrated
Manufacturing System

It include a production system. which

consist of a group of NC machines
connected together by an automated
material handling system and operating
under computer control.

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 Components of a Computer
Integrated Manufacturing System

1. Machines tools and related equipment

.
2. Material handling system
3. Computer system to coordinate and/or control
the preceding components
4. Human workers to operate and manage the
system

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 Machines tools and related
equipment
Machine tools and other equipment that
comprises a CIM include the following basic
.
components:
1. Standard CNC machine tools
2. Special purpose machine tools
3. Tooling for these machines
4. Inspection stations or special inspection
probes used with the machine tools

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 Machines tools and related
equipment
The selection of the particular machine that
make up a CIMS depends upon the
following important factors.
1. Part Size
2. Part shape
3. Part variety
4. Product life cycle

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 Material Handling System

 In most manufacturing systems that process or

assembled discrete parts and products, the function of
material handling must be provided:
1. Transporting work units between stations
(Primary work handling)
2. Positioning work units at each station
(Secondary work handling)
3. Loading and unloading work units at each
station
4. Temporary storage of work units
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 Primary Material Handling System

• It must be compatible with computer control.

• It must provide random, independent movement
of palletized work parts between machine tools
in the system.
• It must permit temporary storage of work parts.
• It must allow access to the machine tools for
maintenance, tool changing and so on.
• It must interface with the secondary work
handling system

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 Secondary Material Handling System

• It must interface with the primary work handling

system. Parts must be transferred automatically
between the primary and secondary system.
• It must be compatible with computer control.

• It must provide for part orientation and location at

each work station for processing.

• It must permit temporary storage of work parts.

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 Function of computer in CIMS

1. Machine control (CNC)

2. Direct numerical control,
3. Production control,
4. Control material handling system
or traffic control,

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 Typical Function of computer in CIM
system

5. Work handling system monitoring.

6. Tool control

7. System performance monitoring and

reporting such as part program files, routing
file, work station tool file, tool life file.

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 Components of a Computer
Integrated Manufacturing System

1. Machines tools and related equipment

.
2. Material handling system
3. Computer system to coordinate and/or control
the preceding components
4. Human workers to operate and manage the
system

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 Part or Product Variety:
Flexibility
“The degree to which the system is capable of
dealing with variations in the parts or products it
produces”
Three cases:
1. Single-model case - all parts or products are identical
(sufficient demand/fixed automation)
2. Batch-model case - different parts or products are
produced by the system, but they are produced in batches
because changeovers are required.
3. Mixed-model case - different parts or products are
produced by the system, but the system can handle the
differences without the need for time-consuming changes
in setup.
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 Three Cases of Product Variety
in Manufacturing Systems

(a) Single-model case, (b) batch model case, and (c) mixed-model case
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