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26552c - Cipoletti Weir Lecture

This experiment aims to determine the discharge coefficient (Cd) of a Cipolletti weir installed in a hydraulic tilting flume. The experiment involves measuring the head of water above the weir crest under different flow rates and calculating the theoretical and actual discharges. The relationship between discharge and head is then plotted on a log-log graph and the average Cd value is checked against recommended ranges. Students are assigned to document the objective, procedure, and comments in their lab notebooks and submit photos of the recorded experiment for evaluation once regular classes resume and the experiment can be performed.

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Wali Edwardian
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139 views

26552c - Cipoletti Weir Lecture

This experiment aims to determine the discharge coefficient (Cd) of a Cipolletti weir installed in a hydraulic tilting flume. The experiment involves measuring the head of water above the weir crest under different flow rates and calculating the theoretical and actual discharges. The relationship between discharge and head is then plotted on a log-log graph and the average Cd value is checked against recommended ranges. Students are assigned to document the objective, procedure, and comments in their lab notebooks and submit photos of the recorded experiment for evaluation once regular classes resume and the experiment can be performed.

Uploaded by

Wali Edwardian
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment # 06:

Determination of Discharge and Co-efficient of Discharge


through a Cipolletti Weir

By
Engr. Waleed Ahmad

Hydraulics and Irrigation Engineering Lab


Batch-03
Semester-08
Sequence Of Presentation
• Introduction
• Objective
• Theoretical Background
• Experimental Procedure
• Observations and Calculations
• Interpretation of Results
Introduction
• A weir is basically an obstruction in an open channel flow
path.
• Weirs are typically classified as being either sharp-crested or
broad-crested.
• Sharp-crested weirs are typically constructed by placing a thin,
rust resistant metal plate, with a notch in the top of it,
perpendicular to the flow of water.
Common Weir Terminology:
• Water will flow through the notch and the depth of water that
Notch – the opening through which water flows
flows through it, will correlate to the discharge in the channel.
Crest – the edge which water flows over
• The height of water above the obstruction correlates with the Nappe – the sheet of water that flows over the weir
flow rate, so that measurement of the height of the flowing
Length – the “width” of the weir notch
water above the top of the weir can be used to determine the
flow rate by the use of an equation, graph or table.
Objective
• Weirs are commonly used for measurement of open channel flow rate.
• “The objective of this experiment is the determination of discharge co-efficient ‘Cd’ for the
Triangular (Cipolletti) Weir model installed in the hydraulic tilting flume.”
Theoretical Background
• A Cipoletti weir is a modification of a fully contracted rectangular sharp-
crested weir and has a trapezoidal control section, the crest being horizontal
and the sides sloping outward with an inclination of 1 horizontal to 4 vertical.
• Cipoletti (1886) assumed that, due to the increase of side-contraction with an
increasing head, the decrease of discharge over a fully contracted rectangular
sharp-crested weir with breadth b, would be compensated by the increase of
discharge due to the inclination of the sides of the control-section.
• This compensation thus allows the head-discharge equation of a full width
rectangular weir to be used.
Continued…
• The Bureau of Reclamation, in their Water Measurement Manual, gives following equation, as an
equation suitable for use with cipolletti, sharp-crested weirs if the conditions noted below are met:
(U.S. units: Q in cfs, B & H in ft):
• To be used only if:
• a) The crest length, L, should be at least 6 inches.
• b) The crest height, P, should be at least 2 times the max Head i.e., P ≥ 2H.
• c) Values of H/P should be less than 2.4.
Experimental Procedure
1. Check the reservoir water level and the drain in the tank basin. Make sure the drain is closed during the
performance of the experiment.
2. Measure the upstream channel cross-section width.
3. Measure the length ‘L’ of the weir plate. Install the suppressed rectangular weir in the channel.
4. Position the hook gage next to the weir plate and zero the scale at the weir crest elevation. For the rectangular
weir, measure the crest height from the channel bottom.
5. Determine a maximum flow rate by opening the flow control valve, and turning on the pump. The maximum flow
rate will fill the flume tank and will not over flow the channel. For more accurate measurements, the water
surface upstream of the weir should not be too turbulent. Calculate the actual flow rate by the digital flow meter
or the float method which ever is convenient.
6. For the first measurement, use the maximum flowrate found in step 5. Obtain a steady flow through the channel
and use the hook gage to determine the water surface elevation above the weir crest.
7. Close the drain. As the water fills the tank the volumetric flow meter will start to rise.
8. Use the stopwatch to record the time it takes to fill the tank to a given volume.
9. Compute and record the flowrate. Use the data collected in step 7.
10. Decrease the flow rate and repeat steps 5 through 8 for five different flow rates.
Crest Length ( L) =______________
Crest Height ( P) =______________

Q act
Volume Time H1 H2 H Cd
S/No Qth
(lit) (sec) (cm) (cm) (m) =Qact/Qth
Q(lit/s) Q(m /s)3

1.                  

2.                  

3.                  

4.                  

5.                  
Interpretation of Results
• Plot on a Excel graph (at log-log scale) Q vs. H and comment on the
relationship. (use similar units such as cfs and feet).
• Is the average Cd value within the recommended range? If not, specify
why?
Assignment
• Write the objective, procedure, observations and Comments of the experiment in
your Lab Notebooks.
• Take a clear picture of the experiment from the said notebook and paste it in a
MS word document and upload it to the LMS portal.
• Save the MS Word Document on your Name and Roll #.
• Deadline: One week after uploading of the lecture.

Note: Leave the Observations and Comments section Empty since experiment will
be performed once regular classes are resumed.

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