The Industrial

Revolution
Blessing or Curse ?
 1. Meaning of Industrial
Revolution
Two stages
 1750 to 1850 by the Britain.
 1850 to 1914 by US and Western European
nations.

1. Mechanization of agriculture and industry

2. Use of power (electricity, steam and oil)
3. Development of factory system
4. Development of transportation and
communication
5. Big Business control the economy
2. Beginning of
Industrial Revolution
• Great Exhibition of 1851
• 6000 exhibits
• "factory of the world" was the britain
Spiritual Revolution in Britain
• George Whitefield, John and Charles
Wesley inspired crowds
• Christian revival saved Britain from
bloody revolutionIt
• It inspired farmers, miner and workers
to use resources and work more
efficiently
 Britain cradle of Industrial
Revolution
• Wesleyan Christian revival emphasized work ethic
and power to established many skills artisans some
fled France, Germany and other European countries
• Britain damp climate favored manufacture of
cotton clothes by woven machine
 Agricultural Revolution
• 1730 Lord Charles Townshend he introduced
mass production of turnips (Turnip Townshend)
• 1701 wheat and barley
• JethroTull mechanical seed drill use by house-
drawn
• Agricultural revolution helpedset the Indutrial
revolution through more food available, people
diet and health improved
 3. Change in the Textile
Industry
Textile factories lead the Industrial Revolution
• 1733 John Key a watchmaker invented flying
shuttle it doubled the speed of producing
cotton thread
• Richard Arkwright built a machine that could
hold up to 100 spindles and water power is use
to turn it
• 1793 an american Eli Whiteney invented the
cotton gin "engine"
• Britain importing 280 million pounds of raw
cotoon every year
 Development of new
source of energy
• 1760 James Walt a scottish engineer
reliable steam engine
• 1831 Micheal Friday invented
electricity dynamo to supplemented
water and steam as a power source
 Development of iron, coal
and steel industries
• Britain have large deposits both iron and coal by
mining
• Britain quadrupled its iron production between
1788 to 1806 and coal production boomed
because coal fueled
• 1856 Henry Bessemer developed steel
production a harder metal from iron
Spread of industrialization
Advance in transportation
• Suez Canal (1869) Mediterranean sea link to Red
sea
• Panama Canal (1914) connect two ocean the
pacific and atlantic
• Scottish engineer invented road surface made of
crushed stone
• Britain pioneered in shipbuilding and road
building
• An American name Robert Fulton in 1807
successfully tested his steamship invention
• 1825 Britain inaugurated world's first
railway line in Northeast England
• George Stephenson invented a fast steam
locomotive name "Rocket" and popular for
railroads in US, Europe and Western
Colonies by mid 19th century
Revolution in communication
• Samuel F.B Morse (US) invented first telegraphic
message "What hath God wought"
• 1851 first underwater telegraph cable was
installed under English Channel
 4. Spread of
Industrialization
• 1850 other nations began to challenge Britain leadership
in Indudtrial Revolution
• Belguim first nation who challenge, they had large
deposits of iron and coal with long traditon of
manufactoring textiles by workers and factories
• France, 1800 Joseph Marie Jacquard invented first power
loom to weave complex patterns
• Germany achieved unifacation, descipline and resources
• US railroad construction brought rapid economic growth
begin in 1869
• Countries that industrial revolution did not spread the
southern and eastern Europe like Spain, Italy, Australia
and Russia
 Advance in science and
technology
• Chemical fertilizer were discovered
• Italian physicist Alessandro Volta invented the first
electric batteries
• 1876 a scottish american Alexander Graham Bell
invented the telephone
• Guglielmo Marconi invented electric signals was
called wireless in Britain and radio in America
• Mass media was born and produce newspaper,
books and magazines through the invention of
photography by Louis Daguerre a french man
• Wright brothers (Wilbur and Orville) invented
first airplaneand flew successfully on
December 17,1903 at Kitty Hawk, North
Carolina
• First automobile engine to replace the horse
buggy were two german inventors and Henry
Ford started mass production of automobile
in 1902
• Henry Ford and the car industry introduce
the assembly line to speed up making of cars.
 Gun or Butter
• 1840 Alfred Krupp steel factory in Germany had
been prospering
• Kupp decided to produce rifles and cannons
• Prussian New king William I. become his best
customer of Kupps
 5. Results of the
Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution transformed the world
• Industrial revolution brought great econmic progress
and material benefits to world civilization
• Britain, Germany, France, Us and Japan great industrial
powers are made and contribute to world peace and
progress from 1815-1914
• Agricultural and Industrial revolution led to population
explusion in Western Europe between 1750 to 1914
• 1840 workers in british factory earned average weekly
salary of 62 cents per week or 5 per day
• Workers live interrible conditions working for low pay
and long hours
 Economic results of
industrial revolution
Good results
• Expansion of industries and campanies
• Increase of commerce and trade
• Growth of population
• Rise of cities
• Greater comforts and higher standard of living
for all classess
• Rise of middle class as the largest segment of
society
• Increase of world wealth
 Bad effects or results
• Ruin family and small business system causing
disappearance of small independent working families
• Factory system exploited workers
• Neglect of rural communities
• Child and women labor
• No security of workers
• Concentration of wealth in few capitalist
• Bitter class wars between capitalist and workers
• Rise of military-industrial complex that led to world
wars.
 Social results of industrial
revolution
• Wealth changed social ang political structure like
bankers, factory, mine owners, managers, small
business and marchants
• Newly rich upper class like Ford, Rockefellers,
Carnegies, Astors and so on
• Newly rich middle class like captian of industry and
pillar of the nation
• New middle class joined the professionals such as
doctors, lawyers, chemist and accountant
• New social class like factory and city workers
• Cities became magnet to workers and dislocated the
farmers
 Military results of industrial
revolution
• Military-industrial complex (MIC)
• Late 1800s first (MIC)developed in Britain, France
and Germany
• Industrialist like Alfred Kupp (rifles and cannons),
Samuel Colt and Alfred Nobel (prestigious Nobel
prizes)
• New German nation (Kaiser Wilhelm) developed a
large navy to rival the british navy
• The spirit of Militarism was responsible for
Germany's rise
 Response to the Indutrial
revolution
Demands for change
• Workers were first to feel its terrible effects
• Protest became violent especially in France
• The ugly thruth came out in newspaper,
magazines and books by the power of the pen
and exposed the ugly face of capatalism
• 1831 British Parliament begin investigating
factory and mine conditions
 Gains for workers
• 1800 workers condition and banned the use of
women and children in mines
• Between 1870 to 1914 labor laws condition
improved were production safer, healthier
environment and more sanitary
• Britain, Germany and France making factory codes
to set minimum standards for wages, safety and
sanitary conditions
• First capitalist nations like Britain and US
voluntarily modified the ugly face in their
industrialization through the passage of worker's
laws
 Rise of Labor Unions
• First Britain skilled workers by 1868 over
100,000 worker belonged to trade (skilled
labor) union.
• 1900 union membership had grown rapidly in
Britain, US and the rest ofEurope