MATHEMATICS 8

Julie I. Gelera
Subject Teacher
 THIS IS YOUR
PRESENTATION
TITLE
Write your subtitle here
REVIEW
 RELATION
❑ is a set of ordered pairs.
{(1, 1), (2, 3), (3, 5), (4, 7), (5, 9)}
❑ The set of all first coordinates (abscissa) is
the domain (x) of the relation. The set of all
the second coordinates (ordinate) is the
range (y) of the relation.
 REPRESENTATIONS OF RELATION
Ex: {(1, 1), (2, 3), (3, 5), (4, 7), (5, 9)}
x y x y
1 1
2 3 1 1
3 5 2 3
4 7 3 5
5 9 4 7
5 9
Table of Values Mapping Diagram Graph
 KINDS OF RELATION
x y x y x y

1 1 1 1 1 1
3 2 3 3
3 5 3 5 5 5
7 4 7 7
9 5 9 9

one – to – many one – to – one many – to – one

one – to – many one – to – one many – to – one correspondence
correspondence correspondence if every if any two or more elements of
if each element in the domain element in the domain is the domain are mapped to the
is mapped to any two or more mapped to a unique same element
elements in the range element in the range in the range
 FUNCTION
- is a rule that pairs each element in one set, called
the domain, with exactly one element from a second
set, called the range.
{(1, 1), (2, 3), (3, 5), (4, 7), (5, 9)}
FUNCTION
{(1, 1), (2, 3), (1, 5), (4, 7), (5, 9)}
RELATION BUT
NOT A FUNCTION
FUNCTION
The graph is a function.
There is only one point of
intersection between the
graph and the vertical line.
FUNCTION
The graph is a not a
function. The vertical
line intersects the
circle in two points.
 Can you live without your parents?

 Who among you lives with their parents?

 Therefore, are you dependent or

independent individual?
 DEPENDENT
&
INDEPENDENT
VARIABLES
WEEK 1
What will happen ?
• If you study hard, then you will get high grade.

• If you eat much, then you will gain weight.

• If you travelled long distance,

there
then is larger amount of gasoline to be consumed.
Circle the dependent variable and box
the independent variable.

1. cost of chicken and its weight

2. income of a worker and number of hours of work

3. perimeter of a square and its side

Definition:
Dependent variable is a mathematical variable
whose value is determined by that of one or
more other variables in a function. It depends on
the independent variable.
Independent variable is a mathematical variable
that is independent on the other variables in an
expression or function and whose value determines
one or more of the values of the other variables. It
controls the dependent variable.
Function Notation:
In mathematical equation, like for example,
the linear function, .
• If , what will be the value of ?
• If , what is ?
• If , what is ?
• In these cases, which are the dependent
and independent variables?
When you talk of function, you commonly use letter f to
denote function and for the variable. However, you can use other
letters to denote function EXCEPT for and to avoid confusion. When
you say that is a function of , you can write it as
or

f(x) is read as “f of x” , p(x) is read as “ p of x.” These are called

function notation. This means that is a function of and that depends
on . The dependent variable is y or f(x) and the independent
variable is .
Examples: Write in function notation form:

(1)
Change into SLOPE INTERCEPT FORM 𝒚 =𝒎𝒙 +𝒃
𝒚 =𝟓 𝒙 −𝟕
Change y to a function of x.

𝒇 ( 𝒙 )=𝟓 𝒙 – 𝟕
(2)
Change into SLOPE INTERCEPT FORM 𝒚 =𝒎𝒙 +𝒃
𝒚 = − 𝒙 +𝟑
Change y to a function of x.

𝒇 ( 𝒙 )=− 𝒙 +𝟑
 𝒙 𝒚 DEPENDENT
INDEPENDENT
Since y is dependent to x, you can find the value of the function given the
value of x.
Example:
1. Given:
Find (a) f(2) Solution:
(b) f(-3) f(2) means you replace x with 2
f(-3), you replace x with –3

(a) f(2) (b) f(-3)

Let x = 2 Let x = -3
f(2) = 3(2) + 6 f(-3) = 3(-3) + 6
f(2) = 6 + 6 f(-3) = -9 + 6
f(2) = 12 f(-3) = -3
It means, if x=2 then y=12 It means, if x=-3 then y=-3
 In quarter 1, you graphed linear equation in two variables in the form of . This can
be written in function notation as which is the form of a linear function. When
you graph the linear equation in two variables and the linear function both will
give you the same line.

Examples:
x -2 -1 0 1 2
2.
y -9
Solution: Solve for ordered pairs. -14 -4 1 6
 f(-2)  f(-1)  f(0)  f(1)  f(2)
Let x = -2 Let x = -1 Let x = 0 Let x = 1 Let x = 2
f(-2) = 5(-2) – 4 f(-1) = 5(-1) – 4 f(0) = 5(0) – 4 f(1) = 5(1) – 4 f(2) = 5(2) – 4
f(-2) = -10 – 4 f(-1) = -5 – 4 f(0) = 0 – 4 f(1) = 5 – 4 f(2) = 10 – 4
f(-2) = -14 f(-1) = -9 f(0) = -4 f(1) = 1 f(2) = 6
 REMEMBER!
The variable is considered the independent
variable because any value could be
assigned to it. However, the variable y is
the dependent variable because its value
depends on the value of x.
Examples:
3.
x -2 -1 0 1 2
Solution: Solve for ordered pairs. y
-10 -4 2 8 14

 f(-2)  f(-1)  f(0)

Let x = -2 Let x = -1 Let x = 0
f(-2) = 6(-2) + 2 f(-1) = 6(-1) + 2 f(0) = 6(0) + 2
f(-2) = -12 + 2 f(-1) = -6 + 2 f(0) = 0 + 2
f(-2) = -10 f(-1) = -4 f(0) = 2

 f(1)  f(2)
Let x = 1 Let x = 2
f(1) = 6(1) + 2 f(2) = 6(2) + 2
f(1) = 6 + 2 f(2) = 12 + 2
f(1) = 8 f(2) = 14
 EVALUATION:
Answer the following:
1. At a grocery store, the amount of dressed chicken is
Php 110 per kilogram.
a. Find the cost of dressed chicken for 3 kilograms, and
2.5 kilograms.
b. Which is the dependent variable?
2. In a Rice Productivity Program, a hectare of land in
Buenavista, General Trias, Cavite yields an average of
120 cavans. What is the dependent and independent
variable?
 SOLVE ME ! x -2 -1 0 1 2
Directions:Solve the given function. y -2 -4 -8 -11 -14
(1) y + 8 = - 3x
Change into SLOPE INTERCEPT FORM y = mx + b
y = -3x – 8
Change y to a function of x.

f(x) = -3x – 8
 f(-2)  f(-1)  f(0)
Let x = -2 Let x = -1 Let x = 0
f(-2) = -3(-2) – 8 f(-1) = -3(-1) – 8 f(0) = -3(0) – 8
f(-2) = 6 – 8 f(-1) = 3 – 8 f(0) = 0 – 8
f(-2) = -2 f(-1) = -5 f(0) = -8

 f(1)  f(2)
Let x = 1 Let x = 2
f(1) = -3(1) – 8 f(2) = -3(2) – 8
f(1) = -3 – 8 f(-1) = -6 – 8
f(1) = -11 f(2) = -14
 ASSIGNMENT
•1. Give a situation that can help you determine
the dependent and independent variables.
• 2. Define domain and range.
Thank you very much
for listening and
cooperating!