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Physical Science SHS 17.4 Newtons Third Law of Motion Law of Interaction

Newton's third law of motion, also known as the law of interaction, states that when one object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite reaction force back on the first object. The document provides examples of action-reaction pairs and explains the criteria for forces to be considered an action-reaction pair, including that they must act on different bodies simultaneously in opposite directions with equal magnitudes.

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GLEMHEREN LLEMIT
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45 views19 pages

Physical Science SHS 17.4 Newtons Third Law of Motion Law of Interaction

Newton's third law of motion, also known as the law of interaction, states that when one object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite reaction force back on the first object. The document provides examples of action-reaction pairs and explains the criteria for forces to be considered an action-reaction pair, including that they must act on different bodies simultaneously in opposite directions with equal magnitudes.

Uploaded by

GLEMHEREN LLEMIT
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 17.

Newton's Third Law of


Motion: Law of Interaction
explain Newton’s third law
1 of motion: the law of
interaction.
Objectives
At the end
of the
lesson, you
should be
able to:
Learn about It!

Newton’s third law of motion


• is also known as the law of interaction. This law describes
how an action results in an equal and yet, opposite reaction.
The law of interaction states that when an
object exerts a force on another object, the
second object exerts another force that is equal
and opposite in direction. These forces are
called action–reaction pair.
Learn about It!

Action-reaction forces
• Two forces may only be considered as an action-reaction
pair if and only if these forces are:
(1) acting on two different bodies;
(2) acting simultaneous on the system of two bodies;
(3) in opposite directions; and
(4) have the same magnitude.
Learn about It!

Action-reaction forces
• Consider a book that lies on the top of a table. There are
several forces acting on the book.
• Even if the book is not moving, the table exerts a normal
force on the book and at the same time the earth exerts a
gravitational force in the book which is its weight.
Learn about It!

Action-reaction forces
• The normal force and weight will not be considered as an
action-reaction pair.
• This is because both forces act on one body only even
though they are opposite in direction and equal in
magnitudes
Learn about It!

Action-reaction forces

Normal force and weight cannot be considered as action-reaction force


because they act on the same body.
Learn about It!

Action-reaction forces
• The other forces in this situation will be the force exerted by
the table on the book and force exerted by the book on the
table.
• The forces in this scenario are acting on two bodies - the
book and the table.
• The forces are also acting simultaneously, with the same
magnitude and opposite direction.
• Thus, these forces are considered as an action-reaction pair.
Learn about It!

Action-reaction forces

The force of table to book and book to table can be considered as


paired forces
Learn about It!

Action-reaction forces

Action–reaction pair on a person pushing the wall.


Learn about It!

Action-reaction forces
• If two people on skateboards push one another, their
interaction will result in an equal and opposite force, which
sends them away from each other.

The forces are equal and opposite. Thus, the resultant


Learn about It!

Action-reaction forces
• In a rocket engine, burning of fuel sends huge amounts of
gas toward its nozzle at high speeds.
• The rocket pushes the particles of the exhaust gas and
exerts a force on them.
• Because of the law of action and reaction, the exhaust
particles push back on the rocket with an equal and
opposite force, sending the rocket upward.
Learn about It!

Action-reaction forces

The rocket pushes the ground downward,


whereas the ground pushes the rocket upward.
Key Points

The law of interaction states that when an object exerts a


1 force on another object, the second object exerts another
force that is equal and opposite in direction.

The opposite forces acting on a between two bodies is


2 called action-reaction pair.

For the forces to be considered as an action-reaction pair,


(1) acting on two different bodies; (2) acting simultaneous
3 on the system of two bodies; (3) in opposite directions;
and (4) have the same magnitude.
Check Your Understanding

Identify whether the statement is true or false.


1. An action-reaction pair exists even at an object at rest.
2. Newton’s third law of motion states that when a body exerts
a force to another body, the second body exerts a force
equal and same direction as the force exerted by the first
body.
3. Rocket propulsion takes up too much gas pushing the
ground downwards in order for the rocket to propel.
4. An action always has a reaction.
5. If a man pushed the wall with 20 N force, the wall reacts
with a 20 N force.
Check Your Understanding

Identify what is described in the following.


1. Newton’s third law of motion is also known as
______________.
2. Action-reaction pair always have directions that are
____________.
3. Without horizontal force acting on it, an object will remain
still on the ground because the net force of action-reaction
force is ____________.
4. This is the similarity between an action and a reaction.
5. This is the difference between an action and a reaction.
Challenge Yourself

1. Why do you think we tend to stay on the ground


and not sink down because of gravity? Explain
your answer.
2. When you sleep, are there forces acting on your
body? What are there forces? Explain your
answer.
Bibliography

John D. Cutnell, et al. 1995. Physics. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Dean Hurd, et al. 1988. Physical Science. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Joseph F. Mulligan. 1985. Introductory College Physics. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company.

Tipler, Paul Allen. 1999. Physics for Scientists and Engineers. New York: W.H. Freeman and
Company/Worth Publishers.

Paul W. Zitzewitz, et al. 1995. Physics, Principles, and Problems. New York: McGraw-Hill.

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