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RL RC Circuit

This document discusses some applications of differential equations in RL-RC electrical circuit problems. It defines differential equations, first-order differential equations, and some basic terms in electricity like resistors, capacitors, and inductors. It describes Kirchhoff's laws, RL circuits which use resistors and inductors, and RC circuits which use resistors and capacitors. Examples are given of using first-order differential equations to solve for current (i) in RL and RC circuits given the circuit components like resistance (R), inductance (L), capacitance (C). In conclusion, differential equations can be applied to solve real-life problems involving electrical circuits.

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Madhav Sameer
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359 views13 pages

RL RC Circuit

This document discusses some applications of differential equations in RL-RC electrical circuit problems. It defines differential equations, first-order differential equations, and some basic terms in electricity like resistors, capacitors, and inductors. It describes Kirchhoff's laws, RL circuits which use resistors and inductors, and RC circuits which use resistors and capacitors. Examples are given of using first-order differential equations to solve for current (i) in RL and RC circuits given the circuit components like resistance (R), inductance (L), capacitance (C). In conclusion, differential equations can be applied to solve real-life problems involving electrical circuits.

Uploaded by

Madhav Sameer
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Topic : Some applications of differential

equations in RL-RC electrical circuit problems

Presented by : Madhav sameer


Reg. No : 210101120097
Submitted to : Prof. Balaji padhy
INDEX

 Differential equation

 First order differential equation

 Some basic terms of Electricity

 Elements symbol and their units

 Kirchoff’s Laws

 Definition & use of RL circuit

 Definition & use of RC circuit

 Conclusion
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

A differential equation is an equation which contains one or more


dependent variable (y) with respect to one or more indepent variables
and its derivatives.

For example: Y = F(x)

(dy/dx) = sin x

2 2
(d y/dx ) + x(dy/dx) + y = 2sinx
FIRST ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
A first-order differential equation is defined by an equation: dy/dx =f (x,y) of
two variables x and y with its function f(x,y) defined on a region in the xy-
plane. It has only the first derivative dy/dx so that the equation is of the first
order and no higher-order derivatives exist. The differential equation in first-
order can also be written as;
y’ = f (x,y)   or
(d/dx) y = f (x,y)

If a linear differential equation is written in the standard form:


y’ + a(x)y = 0
Then, the integrating factor is defined by the formula
u(x) = exp (∫a(x)dx)
SOME BASIC TERMS OF ELECTRICITY
Resistor : A device which opposes the flow of current

ER = RI _ _ _(i)

Capicitor : A device which stores electrical energy in electrical field

consisting of two parallel plates.

Ec = I/C * Q _ _ _(ii)

Inductor : A device which stores electrical energy in magnetic field

consisting of a wire wounded on a coil

EL = L* dI/dt _ _ _(iii)
ELEMENTS SYMBOL AND THEIR UNITS
KIRCHOFF’S LAWS

Kirchhoff’s First Law or Kirchhoff’s Current Law


According to Kirchhoff’s Current Law,
The total current entering a junction or a node is
equal to the charge leaving the node as no charge
is lost.

Kirchhoff’s Second Law or Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law


According to Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law,
The voltage around a loop equals the sum of every
voltage drop in the same loop for any closed network
and equals zero.
DEFINITION OF RL CIRCUIT :
An RL circuit is defined as an electrical circuit consisting
of the passive circuit elements of aresistor (R), and an
inductor (L) connected together,driven by a voltage source orcurrent source.

USE OF RL CIRCUIT :
(i) Radio Wave Transmitters.

(ii) Communication Systems.

(iii) Processing of Signal.


Ques. Two 9 volt batteries are conneted to a series in which inductance is
1\4 henry and the resistance is 8 ohm resistance. determine the current i(t) if
the initial current is zero.

Sol. L=1\4 R=8 E(t)=18


=72\32+c 𝑒−32𝑖
L 𝑑𝑖 / 𝑑𝑡 +Ri =E(t)
i=9\4+c𝑒 −32𝑖
1 / 4 𝑑𝑖 𝑑𝑡 + 8i =18
i(0)=0
𝑑𝑖 / 𝑑𝑡 + 32i =72
i.e 9\4+c=0
linear equations in terms of i
c= -9\4
c(if)= ∫q(if)dx +c
i=9\4 -9\4𝑒
𝑒 32𝑖 =∫72(𝑒 32𝑖)dx+c −32

𝑒32𝑖=72 𝑒 32𝑖 \32 +c

i =72\32 .𝑒32𝑖 \ 𝑒32𝑖 +c \ 𝑒32𝑖


DEFINITION OF RC CIRCUIT :
A resistor-capacitor circuit (RC CIrcuit) is an electrical circuit consisting of passive
components like resistors and capacitors, driven by the current source or the
voltage source.

USE OF RC CIRCUIT:
(i) They are used in traffic lights

(ii) RC circuits are used in pacemaker

(iii) It can be used in audio equipment


Ques. A 100 volt electromotive force is applied to an rc series circuit in which the
resistance s 200 ohm and the capacitor is 10−4 farad .find the charge q(t) on the
capacitor i q(0) =0.find the current i(t).
CONCLUSION

So, here we can see that by using first order ordinary differential
equation in RL and RC circuit we can find the current (i) and
voltage(v) In the circuit when inductance (L) or capacitance (C) and
resistance (R)are given.This is how differential equation can be
used in various fields in our real life to solve the different problems
there.
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Thank you
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