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First Aid: 15 Minutes Presentation at Ald Ersgate College

This document provides an overview of first aid. It defines first aid as initial assistance given for any injury or illness until further medical help arrives. The goals of first aid are to preserve life, prevent conditions from worsening, and promote recovery. Responsibilities of a first aider include quickly assessing the situation, protecting casualties, identifying the nature of illnesses/injuries, and providing early treatment starting with the most serious conditions. Casualties should be treated based on priorities like breathing, bleeding, and bones. The document also outlines treatments for various injuries and illnesses like choking, wounds, fractures, and more.

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Emmanuel John Dela Cruz
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55 views

First Aid: 15 Minutes Presentation at Ald Ersgate College

This document provides an overview of first aid. It defines first aid as initial assistance given for any injury or illness until further medical help arrives. The goals of first aid are to preserve life, prevent conditions from worsening, and promote recovery. Responsibilities of a first aider include quickly assessing the situation, protecting casualties, identifying the nature of illnesses/injuries, and providing early treatment starting with the most serious conditions. Casualties should be treated based on priorities like breathing, bleeding, and bones. The document also outlines treatments for various injuries and illnesses like choking, wounds, fractures, and more.

Uploaded by

Emmanuel John Dela Cruz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FIRST AID

INTRO D U C T ION
N@ A L DE RSGA TE C OLLEGE
15 MINUTE S PRESE NTA T IO
WHAT IS FIRST AID?

FIRST AID IS THE INITIAL ASSISTANCE OR TREATMENT


GIVEN TO A CASUALTY FOR ANY INJURY OR SUDDEN
ILLNESS BEFORE THE ARRIVAL OF AN AMBULANCE,
DOCTOR, OR OTHER QUALIFIED PERSONNEL.
AIMS OF FIRST AID
• PRESERVE LIFE
• PREVENT THE CASUALTY’S CONDITION FROM
BECOMING WORSE
• PROMOTE RECOVERY
RESPONSIBILITIES AS A FIRST AIDER
• ASSESS THE SITUATION QUICKLY AND SAFELY AND SUMMON APPROPRIATE HELP
• PROTECT CASUALTIES AND OTHERS AT THE SCENE FROM POSSIBLE DANGER
• TO IDENTIFY, AS FAR AS POSSIBLE, THE NATURE OF ILLNESS OR INJURY AFFECTING
CASUALTY.
• TO GIVE EACH CASUALTY EARLY AND APPROPRIATE TREATMENT, TREATING THE
MOST SERIOUS CONDITION FIRST.
PRIORITY OF CASUALTIES
• SAVE THE CONSCIOUS CASUALTIES BEFORE THE UNCONSCIOUS ONES AS THEY HAVE A
HIGHER CHANCE OF RECOVERY.
• SAVE THE YOUNG BEFORE THE OLD.
• DO NOT JEOPARDIZE YOUR OWN LIFE WHILE RENDERING FIRST AID. IN THE EVENT OF
IMMEDIATE DANGER, GET OUT OF SITE IMMEDIATELY.
• REMEMBER: ONE OF YOUR AIMS IS TO PRESERVE LIFE, AND NOT ENDANGER YOUR OWN IN THE
PROCESS OF RENDERING FIRST AID.
OBJECTIVES OF FIRST AID

•TO ALLEVIATE SUFFERING


•TO PREVENT ADDED / FURTHER INJURY OR DANGER
• TO PROLONG LIFE
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD FIRST AIDER
• GENTLE -SHOULD NOT CAUSE PAIN.
• RESOURCEFUL -SHOULD MAKE THE BEST USE OF THINGS AT HAND.
• OBSERVANT -SHOULD NOTICE ALL SIGNS.

• TACTFUL -SHOULD NOT ALARM THE VICTIM.

• EMPHATIC -SHOULD BE COMFORTING.


• RESPECTABLE -SHOULD MAINTAIN A PROFESSIONAL & CARING ATTITUDE.
CASUALTIES SHOULD ALWAYS BE TREATED IN THE ORDER
OF PRIORITY, USUALLY GIVEN BY THE “3 BS”:

THE “3 BS”:
1. – BREATHING
2. – BLEEDING
3. – BONES
CHOKING
•CHOKING IS THE MECHANICAL OBSTRUCTION OF THE FLOW OF AIR
FROM THE ENVIRONMENT INTO THE LUNGS.
CAUSES:
• INTRODUCTION OF FOREIGN OBJECT INTO AIRWAY, WHICH BECOMES
STUCK
•RESPIRATORY DISEASES
•COMPRESSION OF AIRWAY (E.G. STRANGLING)
SYMPTOMS
• UNABLE TO SPEAK OR CRY OUT
• FACE TURNS BLUE FROM LACK OF OXYGEN
• VICTIM GRABBING AT HIS/HER THROAT •
•WEAK COUGHING, LABOURED BREATHING PRODUCES HIGH-
PITCHED NOISE
TREATMENT:
•ENCOURAGE VICTIM TO COUGH
•BACK SLAPS: USE OF HARD BLOWS WITH HEEL OF THE HAND ON THE UPPER
BACK OF THE VICTIM
•ABDOMINAL THRUSTS: STANDING BEHIND THE VICTIM AND USING HANDS TO
EXERT PRESSURE ON BOTTOM OF THE DIAPHRAGM (MAY RESULT IN INJURIES
LIKE BRUISES OR FRACTURE OF RIBS)
TYPES OF WOUNDS

• ABRASION WOUND IS A TYPE OF OPEN WOUND THAT'S CAUSED BY THE SKIN RUBBING AGAINST A ROUGH
SURFACE.

• INCISION WOUND IS INCISION IS A CUT THROUGH THE SKIN THAT IS MADE DURING SURGERY. IT IS ALSO CALLED A
SURGICAL WOUND. 

• LACERATION WOUNDS  IS A DEEP CUT OR TEARING OF YOUR SKIN.

• PUNCTURE WOUND IS A DEEP WOUND THAT OCCURS DUE TO SOMETHING SHARP AND POINTED, SUCH AS A NAIL. 

• AVULSION WOUND IS A SEVERE TRAUMATIC INJURIES IN WHICH ONE OR MORE PIECES OF TISSUE.

• AMPUTATION IS  THE LOSS OR REMOVAL OF A BODY PART SUCH AS A FINGER, TOE, HAND, FOOT, ARM OR LEG. 
FRACTURES
A FRACTURE IS A BREAK OR CRACK IN THE CONTINUITY OF THE BONE.

SYMPTOMS:
•PAIN AT OR NEAR FRACTURED SITE
•TENDERNESS ON GENTLE PRESSURE
•SWELLING OVER THE FRACTURE SITE
•DEFORMITY E.G. IRREGULARITY OF BONE, ANGULATION OR ROTATION OF LIMB, DEPRESSION OF BONE
ETC.
•LOSS OF POWER
TYPES OF FRACTURES
• GREENSTICK FRACTURE OCCURS WHEN A BONE BENDS
AND CRACKS, INSTEAD OF BREAKING COMPLETELY INTO
SEPARATE PIECES.

• TRANSVERSE FRACTURES OCCUR WHEN YOUR BONE IS


BROKEN PERPENDICULAR TO ITS LENGTH.

• COMMINUTED FRACTURE IS A BREAK OR SPLINTER OF


THE BONE INTO MORE THAN TWO FRAGMENTS.

• SPIRAL FRACTURE THEY HAPPEN WHEN ONE OF YOUR


BONES IS BROKEN WITH A TWISTING MOTION.

• COMPOUND FRACTURE IS A BREAK OR CRACK IN YOUR


BONE THAT IS VISIBLE THROUGH YOUR SKIN
SUGGESTED FIRST AID KIT CONTENTS:
• BAND AID
•RUBBING ALCOHOL
• PLASTER
•POVIDONE IODINE
• GLOVES
• COTTON • SCISSOR
•GAUZE PADS • FORCEPS
•TONGUE DEPRESSOR • BANDAGE (TRIANGULAR)
•PEN LIGHT • OCCLUSIVE DRESSING
BASIC PRECAUTIONS AND PRACTICES

•PERSONAL HYGIENE
PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES
•PRIMARY SURVEY • SECONDARY SURVEY
-CHECK FOR CONSCIOUSNESS INTERVIEW THE VICTIM
-ASK VICTIMS NAME
-CHECK AIRWAY
-ASK WHAT HAPPENED
-CHECK FOR SIGNS OF LIFE
-ASSESS THE SAMPLE HISTORY
•S -SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
•A -ALLERGIES
•M -MEDICATIONS
•P -PAST MEDICAL HISTORY
•L -LAST ORAL INTAKE
•E -EVENTS PRIOR TO THE EPISODE

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