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The document discusses the Lux flood concept which explains salt formation through the transfer of oxide ions between acids and bases. It defines acids as oxide ion acceptors and bases as oxide ion donors. Examples of acid-base reactions are provided. The amphoteric nature of ZnO and Al2O3 is explained. Applications of the Lux flood system in metallurgy and the decomposition of metal carbonates and sulfates due to their acidity is discussed.

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717 views

Presentation

The document discusses the Lux flood concept which explains salt formation through the transfer of oxide ions between acids and bases. It defines acids as oxide ion acceptors and bases as oxide ion donors. Examples of acid-base reactions are provided. The amphoteric nature of ZnO and Al2O3 is explained. Applications of the Lux flood system in metallurgy and the decomposition of metal carbonates and sulfates due to their acidity is discussed.

Uploaded by

Aditya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Presentation on Lux flood

Points to be covered :
1. Meaning of lux flood
2. Advantages of lux flood
3. Disadvantages of lux flood
4. Application of lux flood
Meaning of lux flood :

Lux-Flood Concept :->


- This concept was proposed by Lux (1939) and
extended by Flood (1947).
• This concept explains the formation of salts
by the combination of acids and bases in the
absence of solvent. The of an formation of
oxide ion (O ^ - 2) from the base to the acid.
Salt involves transfer
The compound which donates an oxide ion (0-2) is called base.

The compound which In other words, acceptes an oxide ion Co-2) is base is O ^ - 2 donor Called acid. And acid is 0-2 acceptor.
Thus
Base
Acid + o ^ - 2 Learn Chemistry Online
Example:-
Base
Acid
Ca0 Rightarrow C * a ^ 2 + O ^ - 2
SO 4 ^ -2 rightleftharpoons S*O_{3} + O ^ - 2
SiO 3 ^ -2 rightleftharpoons Si*O_{2} + O ^ - 2
Ti O 2 rightleftharpoons Ti * O ^ 2 + O ^ - 2

-
-
Acid base reaction :
Acid-Base reactions:→

Base
Acid
C * o ^ - 2 ion acceptor)
Salt
CaC*O_{3}
r 0 ^ - 2 ion donor )
+ C*O_{2} 1. Cao
+ 2. Cao Si*O_{2} CaSi*O_{2}
3. + 5O_{3}*O PbS*O_{4}
4. FeO +
+

P*b_{4}*O_{10}
Fesi*o_{3}
4N*a_{3}*P*O_{4}
- transfer of n ^ - 2 ion the to the acid take place as explained below-
from
Reaction O
CaO
C*a^2+O^-2
Base
matrix co 2 +&O^ -2 & C * O_{3} ^ - 2 matrix
madding*C_{0} * 0 + C*O_{2} -> C * a ^ 2 + C * O_{8} ^ - 2
or
CaO + C*O_{2} -> CaC*O_{3} Base Aca salt
Amphoteric nature underline ofZnOandA*l_{2}*O_{2} :
ZnO(0 ^ - 2 * acceptor) +O^ -2 rightleftharpoons ZnO 2 ^ -2
Acid
ZnO(0 ^ - 2 * donor) >= Z * n ^ 2 + O ^ - 2 Base
A*l_{2}*O_{3}(o ^ - 2 * accetor) + O ^ - 2 >=2AlO 2 ^ -
Acid
Al 2 O 3 (0 ^ - 2 * donor) Rightarrow2Al^ +3 +30^ -2
Base
(mi) * Zno
Learn Cheiatry
(i) Zno as acid
N O_{2}*O + ZnO -> N*o_{2} ZnO 2 Base Acid Salt
N*o_{2}*O 2No^ + +o^ -2 Base
ZnO+ O^ - ^ 2 -> Zn * O_{2} ^ - 2
AcId Na 2 0+Zn0 2Na^ ++Zn0 2 ^ -2 As base ZnO+S 2 0 7 ^ - 2 -> ZnS*O_{4} + S * O_{4} ^ -
S 2 0 7 ^ - 2 + 0 ^ - 2 S0 4 ^ -2 +S0 4 ^ -2 Acid
• Z n0+S 2 0 7 ^ -2 Zn^ +2 +SO 4 ^ -2 +SO 4 ^ -2
Flood concept and Lewis :-
Tax flood concept and lewis concept

According to Lewis concept. An acid is pair donor. E- pair acceptor and a base is e-

According to Lux- Flood, an acid is sigma ^ 2 donor e- Thus according to Lux – Flood Concept an to the acid via O ^ - 2 ion. And base is O ^ - 2 acceptor. Pair is shifted from the base

- In other words Lewis concept. We can Say that Lux- Flood system is also covered by

→ Extension of Lux-Flood system:→

According to extension, The Substance which give up (lose) an anion is base and the substance which 8 ^ (ain) an anion is called 3NaF +A|F 3 Na 3 [A|F delta ] Formation ofN*a_{3} [A|F 6 ] called a an acid.

Base Aud

Salt

3 NaF (Base) → 3 Nat + 3F-

(A| F_{3}(Acid) +3F^ - [A|F 6 ]^ -3

3NaF + AIF3 → 3 Nat + [AIF6]-3


Application of lux flood System
Applications of Lux-Flood system:>

- Lux- Flood definition of acids and bases is applicable in ceramics and metallurgy Example
In the metallurgy of iron, SiO2 (acidic oxide) present in iron ore is removed by adding Cao (Basic oxide) in
blast furnace. SiO2 (Acid) + CaO (Base) → CaSiO 3 Salt (slag)
© In the metallurgy of copper.
2 Fes (Impurity) + 30₂ (air) → 2 FeO 2502
Si*O_{2} + FeO -> FeSi*O_{3} Acid Base Lease Chemist Salt (slag)
3 The basic nature of clay (CaSO4) and phosphate Ca 3 (P*O_{4}) 2 is revealed from their reaction with SiO 2
CaS*O_{4} +Si0 2 CaSi0 3 +SO 3 hat T Base
G 3 (PO 4 ) 2 + Si*O_{2} -> 3CaSi*O_{3} + P_{2}*O_{5}*T
• Base
Decomposition of metal carbonates and
Sulphate :
→ Decompositon (Instability) of metal carbonates and Sulphates:9

Fe 2 (CO 3 ) 3 -> 2F*e_{2}*O_{3} + 3C*O_{2} unstable


F a ^ 3 is strongly acidic and hence rapidly accepts 0-2 from C * O_{3} ^ - 2 Fe 2 (C*O_{3}) 3 . Thus Fe 2 (C*O_{3}) 3 is unstable. Ion
to form
Acidity Scale :
alpha_{A} – alpha_{B} = sqrt(Delta*H)
alpha_{A} = acidity parameter of an aud
alpha_{B} =
acidity parameter of a base
Delta*H = Enthalpy change in reaction
The difference (alpha_{A} – alpha_{B}) is related to change in enthalpy of reaction.
The value of £ is –ve for Basic oxide & Basic character of oxide The value of & for amphoteric oxide is close to zero
The Value of < is +ve for Aúdic oxide & Acidic character of oxide.
Example
N*a_{2}*O = - 12.5 R*b_{2}*O = - 15 * 2
•H_{2}*O = 0 Si*O_{2} = 0.9 C*l_{2}*O_{2} = 11 * 5
Thank you
~ Manish Thakur

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