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Lateral Load Resisting System

The document discusses lateral load resisting systems and floor diaphragms. It explains how earthquake forces are transferred through buildings and the importance of shear strength and stiffness. It also covers rigid and flexible diaphragm behavior, the relationship between the center of mass and center of rigidity, and how to calculate seismic forces in torsionally coupled and uncoupled systems.

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sujan pokhrel
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30 views

Lateral Load Resisting System

The document discusses lateral load resisting systems and floor diaphragms. It explains how earthquake forces are transferred through buildings and the importance of shear strength and stiffness. It also covers rigid and flexible diaphragm behavior, the relationship between the center of mass and center of rigidity, and how to calculate seismic forces in torsionally coupled and uncoupled systems.

Uploaded by

sujan pokhrel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lateral Load Resisting System

Bachelor In Architechture
Nepal Engineering College
ChanguNarayen, Bhaktapur
Horizontal Distribution of Lateral Shear

• Earthquake causes inertia forces at floors


• Transfer to vertical elements
• Transfer to ground
• Shear strength/ Stiffness is important because it determines the way vertical
elements share the seismic force.


Floor Diaphragms
• In plane v/s out of plane flexibility
• In plane is seismic
• Out of plane is gravity
• RC floors are infinitely rigid in its plane
• It moves as rigid body moves in its plane
X

 

Translations and
rotations
Floor Diaphragms………………

• Rigid floors assumptions


• Diaphragm action

k 0.5k k
0.5k k
 EL
b

L L

k 0.5k k
lateral load analogy
Floor Diaphragms………………
• Rigid diaphragm

F1  F2  F3  F
0.4k  0.2k  0.4k  F
0.4k 0.2k 0.4k
k  F

• Forces are directly proportional to stiffness of vertical elements.

• Flexible diaphragm
No moment capacity

k 0.5k k

0.25F 0.5F 0.25F

• Forces are directly proportional to tributary area


Centre of Mass
• Centre of Mass (CM)

• Centre of Rigidity (CR)


• CR is point on floor through which
lateral force should pass in order that
floor undergoes only rigid body
translation
• No rotation
• Rigid body translations – force resultants
Centre of Mass………..

• For multi storied buildings several definitions, two


commonly used are:
• Commonly used working with storey shears.

This floor does not


CR rotate (others floors
may rotate)
Centre of Mass………………
• CRs are obtained as these points at which vertical
seismic load profile should be applied such that none of
the floors undergo any rotation.
• Location of CR depend on vertical load profile

CR3 F3

CR2 F2 F2

CR1 F1 F1
Torsionally Uncoupled Systems-Rigid Floors

 CR and CM coincide .
• Only transition.
• Distribution proportional to lateral
stiffness.

k1 k2 k3
CR
CM
Torsionally Coupled Systems-Rigid Floors

• Force distribution to vertical


elements
• Force at CR proportional to
lateral stiffness.
• Moment eE.

Ex Ex Ex
eyEx
CM  
ey Ex

CR eyEx
Ex CR

Force at CR and a twisting


moment eE
Torsionally Coupled Systems-Rigid Floors……….

r1
ki  stiffness in its own plane. 5

ri  perpendicular distance from CR r5 4


3
1 CR
 i  ri displacements in its own plane. r4

Fi  ki ri 2
r5
Restoring moment in i th element
r3
2
M i  ki ri 
Applied moment M t  eE
eE    ki ri 2
r1 

r2 
eE

 ki ri2
 kr 
 Fi   i i 2 eE 
 k r 
 i i 

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