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Combination of Vertical and Horizontal Alignment: TR 320: Highway Geometric Design

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150 views

Combination of Vertical and Horizontal Alignment: TR 320: Highway Geometric Design

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lameck owit
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© © All Rights Reserved
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TR 320: Highway Geometric

Design
Combination of Vertical
and Horizontal Alignment

TR 320 1
A) Exercise
• A two lane highway with 3.6 m lanes has a
posted speed limit of 80 km/h. On one section
has both horizontal and vertical curves with the
following details:
• Horizontal curve:
– BC km 20 + 500 and EC km 21 + 050 with deflection
angle of 80 degrees.
– Superelevation of 0.08
– A obstruction to sight is 6 m off the carriageway edge
of the inside lane
– Assumed fs at 80 km/h is 0.14

TR 320 2
Exercise …
• Vertical curve details:
– BVC km 20 + 430 and EVC km 20 + 630
– G1 = +2% and g2 = -4%
– PVI is km 20 + 530
• A recent daytime accident resulted in a fatality
and a lawsuit alleging that the posted speed limit
of 80 km/h is unsafe an a major cause of the
accident.
• You are required to evaluate and comment on
the roadway design

TR 320 3
Steps to solution
Make a sketch of the situation
• What is the required sight distance?
Assumption of longitudinal friction or
consult tables = 160 m
• Is the horizontal curve radius and
superelevation adequate?
• Is the horizontal sight distance
adequate?
TR 320 4
Steps to solution
4. Is the vertical curve length adequate?
5. Does the combination of sag and
horizontal curves hinder visibility?
6. Comment on the roadway design
7. Give your evaluation of the allegation!

TR 320 5
Combination of horizontal and
Vertical curves
• Coordination of distortion points (BVC/SR,
EVC/SR to be placed at approximately the
same location
• Curves to be approximately the same
length or horizontal curves to lead vertical
curves
• This provides for drainage at flat parts of
vertical curves through the superelevated
lateral slope
TR 320 6
General guidelines - 1
1) Aim at best possible combination of
safety, capacity, ease and consistent
operation and pleasing appearance
(within the practical limits of terrain and
land-use).
2) A superimposition of vertical curvature
on horizontal curvature results in a more
pleasing facility.

TR 320 7
General guidelines - 2
3) Sharp horizontal curvature should not be
introduced at on or near the top of sharp crest
curve
4) Never introduce a sharp horizontal curvature
near the bottom of a steep grade or at the low
point of a sharp sag curve
5) On two lane highways it is often necessary to
work toward long tangents to achieve sufficient
PSD

TR 320 8
General guidelines - 3
6) The profile and horizontal curvature should be
made as flat as practicable at approaches to
intersections
7) On Dual highways – use of independent
profiles and horizontal alignments for each one
way road is sometimes desirable
8) On residential areas attempt to minimize
impact of the highway on residences e.g.
depressed facility, increased buffer between
highway and cluster of homes by adjusting the
alignment
TR 320 9
General guidelines - 4
9) Design the alignment to enhance scenic
views like rivers, rock formations,
outstanding structures and parks.

Review Exhibits 3.81 in the text book (The


Green Book)

TR 320 10
Design Exercise 2
• Given topographic map with existing
features and part of completed design (A
and B)
• To develop two alternatives
– Alternative One – use existing road but
upgraded to multilane (dual carriageway)
– Alternative 2 – Cross the existing road at one
point only

TR 320 11
The process
• Development of Design standards
– Volume – for the new road projected ADT
14,000 vpd and for existing road is 3000 vpd
– With 20% truck and buses and diretional
distribution is 60:40
– Road function: Mobility road – rural arterial
– Terrain – Check no. of contours crossed per
Km (#ORN 6)

TR 320 12
Adopted standards
• Pavement type: AC
• Design Speed 120 Km/h for flat terrain
• Width: lane
• Shoulder :Gravel shoulder 2.5 m wide
• Cross slope: 2%Shoulder 4%
• Max. Grade:
• Need for climbing lanes:

TR 320 13
• Minimum radius: e design = 6%; Rmin =
• Minimum K value =
• Minimum SSD required Provided*
•

TR 320 14

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