WELDING ROD OVER BOOKS: A

QUALITATIVE INQUIRY ON
UNDERSTANDING SMAW
STUDENTS JUGGLING ACADEMICS
AND PRACTICUM
 MEMBERS:
• JONEL JAY S. MENA
• NERLAN FRUCTUOSO
• JAY KLENT JONES A. DORDAS
• LEE JONES LAGARTO
x

CHAPTER 1
 INTRODUCTION
• In the sense that it must come first in a nation's development plans, education is the
spearhead of that nation. Education may help people satisfy their demands for skill
development, which will have an effect on the economy of the country. According to
Jonathan & Micah (2015), education gives each person the chance to become more
independent via intellectual growth, skill development, vocational advancement, and
environmental awareness. The purpose of education is to enhance and discover a person's
cognitive, psychomotor, and emotional potential.
• Formal, non-formal, and informal education are all available in Indonesia. Based on the
quality of each education pathway's unique field of knowledge, the three routes complement
and strengthen one another. Vocational education is one of the official academic programs in
higher education. According to Clarke and Winch (2016), vocational education is confined
to educating children and adults for the workforce, a process that is generally perceived as
being of a somewhat technical and practical character. Additionally, according to the BRICS
Business Council, vocational education is vital for producing a ready-made workforce in the
industry. Vocational education attempts to offer graduates with the independence, job-filling
skills, and expertise-based talents they will require.
• Yogyakarta State University's Department of Mechanical Engineering Education, part of the
Faculty of Engineering, focuses in a number of subjects, including fabrication. Referring to
Presidential Decree No. 8 of 2012 article 2, the qualification levels of KKNI level V are into
technical or analytical employment, according to the level of the National Work
Qualification Framework (NWQF), graduates in Diploma III. For level V, the following
skills are also necessary.
 THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
• The purpose of this phenomenological study is to explore and understand the lived
experiences of students who struggles to balance the practicum hours and the academic
subjects offered by the Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) strand, how they coped with
the challenges and the insights that can be shared by the identified students. This study's
specific goal is to provide the many viewpoints that the kids in the TVL-SMAW strand have
in order to provide teachers, parents, school administrators, and Department of Education
authorities with knowledge and inspiration.
 RESEARCH QUESTION

1. What are the experiences of shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) juggling academics and
practicum?

2. How do the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) students cope with the challenges
presented by juggling academics and practicum in welding?

3. What are the insights that can be shared by shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) students
juggling academics and practicum in welding?
 THEREOTICAL LENS
• Students working part-time or even full-time while they are in school is becoming the norm
everywhere. The pupils will eventually be prepared for their future career through job
employment. The majority of the study's data will come from commonplace encounters,
however this facts will be examined and supported by specific ideas. This research takes use
of the Moral Responsibility Theory of P.F. Strawson, Sociobiology Theory of Edward
Wilson, and the Existential Theory of Soren Kierkegaard and Friedrich Nietzsche
• The Moral Responsibility Theory of P.F. Strawson published in 1962 provides the
implications of each activity in the pros and cons outcome. It may be described in
Philosophy as the status of morally justifiable praise, reward, blame, or punishment for an
act performed or disregarded by one's moral responsibilities accompanied by the three key
elements: accountability, freedom, and effects that might be either praiseworthy or
blameworthy.
• This hypothesis affects the positives and negatives of the life experiences of working
students. As demonstrated by Watts and Pickering (2000), working part-time while studying
full-time offers a range of good benefits and respondents typically considered part-time job
as a necessary to thrive in the current higher education arena. However, the student could
suffer under strain owing to obligations in academics such as finishing the duties in the
provided time and uncertainty dealing with money. The work plus studies make these
industrious students sleep exhausted, and sleep deprivation raises the risk factors of
insomnia and harm to brain function. Working students subjected to excessive workload
despite the decent wage will have severe consequences on health and well-being in the long
term.
 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF STUDY
• This qualitative study is focused to explore deeper insights on students’ experiences on who
are enrolled under the TVL-SMAW strand. The data that will be obtained by this research is
confined to the replies and experiences of twelve (12) students from Grade 10 to 12 of
Dujali National High School who are currently enrolled at School Year 2022-2023 who are
recognized to be living under the condition of having stepparent. Furthermore, the study will
be subjected to and be constrained to the results of the in-depth interviews of the
abovementioned 12 participants.
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
• The purpose of this study is to discover the experiences of the students are experiencing
difficulty in establishing a balance dealing with academic topics and practical issues. As a
result, the following persons and individuals will benefit from the present study:
• There are a few limits in this qualitative study as the data and conclusions that will be acquired
from the interviews could not be utilized to generalize the full population of the students
amongst their concerns. Furthermore, the researchers cannot ensure that the 8 identified
individuals replied and responded genuinely to each of the questions we asked yet, this is
generalizable.
• DepEd Officials
• School Administrator
• Teachers
• Parents
• Students
• The writer and future researchers
 DEFINITION OF TERMS
• This study is theoretically and operationally defined for better understanding of the readers
• Welding Rod Over Books- in this study, it refers to how most of the students enrolled in
SMAW strand prefer to have their practicum subjects than their academic subjects.
• A Phenomenological Inquiry On Understanding Smaw Students Juggling Academics
And Practicum- in this research paper, this refers to the type of qualitative research to be
utilized in gathering an understanding on the challenges presented by having different
academic subjects and at the same time having a practicum subjects.
•  
 ORGANIZATION OF STUDY

• This study presents the organization and arrangement in an order, which can be easily
identified and comprehended by the readers. Below is the detailed presentation and
discussion of the organization of the study.
• The Chapter 1 is the inclusive presentation of the introduction of the study, which includes
some problem situations on the teaching and learning experiences by the students and the
teachers of Dujali National High School. It is followed by the purpose of study, which states
the intension in the conduct of the study. Research questions, which consist of interview
guide questions that are formulated and validated in order to acquire responses from the
informants to attain the aim of the study. Next, the significance of the study, which discusses
who were the beneficiaries of the study, the definition of terms, which is operationally
defined in order to give clear and comprehensive interpretations. It is followed by the
delimitations and limitations of the study that is presented to show the parameters of the
study. Lastly, is the statement on the organization of the study.
• Chapter 2 presents a review on the related literature and relevant research of the study to
justify the need of the study, the research questions that will be answered based on data that
will be gathered from in-depth interviews.
• Chapter 3 presents the methodology used in the study. This chapter includes the
research design, role of the researcher, research participants, data collection and analysis,
trustworthiness and credibility and ethical consideration.
• Chapter 4 presents and discusses the interview results of the in-depth interview of the study,
the detailed responses of the 6 participants based on the three research questions, and
different themes generated from the various answers of the participants.
• Chapter 5 shows the results wherein it reflects the detailed responses of the participants
based on the research questions formulated in the previous chapter. Generated themes are
also presented in this section.
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED
LITERATURE
• Welding is a technique for combining metals, and training in SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc
Welding) seeks to improve the abilities of community members. Researchers will develop training
programs in the form of modules that can be utilized in teaching and learning SMAW welding
practice topics. A limited trial was conducted with ten students of class X1 Las 1 who used the
module and ten students of class X1 Las 2 who did not use the module. The test results of students
who used the module yielded an average score of 89.22 percent.(firman edi,2022
• Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) is one of the most commonly employed material
joining processes in various industrial sectors. To enhance the environmental performance of
the SMAW process, there is a need to characterize the sustainability for the SMAW process
under the broad framework of sustainability. This study reviews SMAW process with respect
to the triple bottom line (economic, environmental and social) sustainability approach and
concludes recommendations towards achieving economical and sustainable SMAW welding
process.(Ibrahim Alkahla,2017)
CHAPTER 3
 METHODOLOGY

• This chapter presents the methods of research, locale of the study, the subject of the study,
sampling technique, data-gathering instruments, data gathering procedures, and the
statistical treatment which magnify the process that the researchers had undergone to answer
the questions raised in the preceding chapters of this study.
• RESEARCH DESIGN
• This study employed a qualitative research methodology to gain insight of the experiences
by the students due to academics and SMAW practicum. Qualitative research is specific and
relevant to the study of social relations due to the fact of the diversification of life worlds.
• Specifically, this is a phenomenological study as it will describe the experiences in juggling
the academics and practicum. Phenomenology is the study of the first persons' experiences
and consciousness (Stanford. 2013) Qualitative approach in depth-interview (IDI) is one
method of collecting data The goal of the interview is to explore the participant's point of
view, feelings and perspectives (goss2014) In-depth interviewing is a qualitative research
technique that involves conducting intensive individual interviews with a small number of
respondents to explore their perspectives on a particular idea, program, or situation (Boyce
& Neale.2006)
• RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS
• The participants in this study are eight students with varying characteristics (age, status, and
learning experience). Purposive or purposeful sampling was employed in this qualitative
study to determine the 12 respondents who would participate in this study. Participants were
chosen based on the study's needs (thus the other name, intentional sampling); applicants
who do not fit the profile are rejected
• DATA SOURCES
• According to Creswell (2010), quantitative research is "an investigation into a social or
human problem based on testing a theory composed of variables, measured with numbers,
and analyzed with statistical procedures to determine whether the theory's predictive
generalizations hold true." "Qualitative research, on the other hand," is defined as "an
investigation into an experience or phenomenon."
• The data for this study came from the participants' experiences and observations, which were
obtained through in-depth interviews. These data sources were collected in the several
schools of Dujali National High School, where the participants are currently enrolled. The
major sources of the data were the eight in-depth interviews.
• DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE
• There are a number of methods in data collection in qualitative research (Gill, 2008). The most common
methods of research are interviews and focus groups. On the other hand, qualitative data collection
methods involve providing information useful to understand the processes behind observed results and
assess change in people’s perceptions. It is necessary for a researcher to understand the nature of the
research and the reason to conduct the study so it would be easier to introduce and request permission
from them to conduct the study and involve them in the quest. First, the researchers will ask permission to
conduct the study from the research adviser and with the approval and signature of the school
administrator.. The researchers will then proceed to the identified participants that will be given also an
informed consent. They will be informed verbally and later through formal communication. The
participants will be given the opportunity to read the purpose of the study before the formal interview.
• Consequently, they will be oriented on the flow of the interview and that it will be recorded and that each
of them be furnished with a copy of the interview. Lastly, the researchers will assure them that the process
will be in a manner sensitive to individuals.
• DATA ANALYSIS
• Data analysis is the process of bringing order, structure and meaning to the mass of collected data. It is a messy,
ambiguous, time-consuming, creative, and fascinating process. It does not proceed in a linear fashion; it is not neat.
Qualitative data analysis is a search for general statements about relationships among categories of data ( Marshall
and Rossman, 1990).
• This study made use of the content and thematic analysis in analyzing the collected and gathered data. Content
analysis and thematic analysis are the two common approaches in data analysis. Thematic analysis is a method of
identifying, analyzing, and reporting patterns (themes) within data. It minimally organizes and describes your data
set in (rich) detail. However, it also often goes further that this, and interprets various aspects of the research topic
(Boyatzis, 1998).
• Thematic analysis is a flexible approach that can be used across a range of epistemologies and research question.
Holloway and Todres (2003) identify “thematizing meanings” as one of few shared generic skills across qualitative
analysis (Hollow & Todres, 2003). However, it can be seen as a very poorly branded method, in that it does not
appear to exist as a ‘named’ analysis in the same way that other methods do ( e.g ., narrative analysis, grounded
theory).
• ROLE OF THE RESEARCHERS
• In this study, the researchers are tasked to comply in the subject Practical Research 1 or Qualitative Approach
and immediately asked permission to conduct the study. Consequently, upon the approval of the school head
the researchers pinpointed different people with whom characteristics and experiences duly fit our study.
• Likewise, after then the researchers verbally asked the identified teachers and students if they are willing to
share their experiences and be interviewed as participants of the study. The researchers also informed them
and explain to them the purpose of this study. Moreover, we assured them that their answers will be kept with
utmost confidentiality. Finally, the researchers asked the participants to confirm and sign the letter of consent
to attest their participation as participants of the study.
• During the conduct of the study, the researchers will explain to the participants the purpose of the
research questions, the interview and how confidentiality would be observed during the proceedings. All
interviews will be recorded using the cellular phone owned by the researchers. Then, the data would be saved
to the researchers’ personal computer and taken care of with a high degree of privacy.
• TRUSTWORTHINESS AND CREDIBILITY
• Credibility is one method used by qualitative researchers to establish trustworthiness by
examining the data, data analysis, and conclusions to see whether or not the study is correct
and accurate. Ensuring credibility is one of most important factors in establishing
trustworthiness. For qualitative researchers, credibility criteria involve establishing that the
results of qualitative research are credible or believable from the perspective of the
participant in the research (Trochim, 2006).
• Qualitative research, ensuing from a variety of disciplines, paradigms, and epistemologies,
embraces multiple standards of quality, known variously as validity, credibility, rigor, or
trustworthiness. The trustworthiness of qualitative research generally is often questioned by
positivists, perhaps because their concepts of validity and reliability cannot be addressed in
the same way in naturalistic work (Shenton, 2004).
 • ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
• There were several ethical questions and concerns that specifically affect the quantitative inquiry. These concerns
and issues were mostly provoked by the study’s methodology. The researchers observed and adhere to the highest
ethical standards in handling the study’s population and data, notably in accordance with the study protocol
assessments and standardized criteria, including but not limited to:
• Voluntarily participation
• Privacy and confidentially
• Informed consent process
• Recruitment
• Risks
• Benefits
• Plagiarism
• Fabrication
• Falsification
• Conflict of interest
• Deceit
• authorship
•THANK YOU VERY
MUCH (ARIGATOU
GOZAIMASU)