LEGAL

FOUNDATION OF
SPECIAL AND
INCLUSIVE
EDUCATION
Longa, Ivan Liel Emmanuel Y. BSED III
Major in English ( Presentor )
Objectives
• At the end of this topic, you are expected to:
• A. identify the legal foundation in forming a special and inclusive education
• B. analyze situations which incorporates
• C. highlight the importance of law imposition in the country to develop
effective and beneficial concepts in the educational system
 The 1987 Philippine Constitution
Article XIV
• The state shall protect and promote
the right of all citizens to quality
education at all levels, and shall
take appropriate steps to make such
education accessible to all.
 Republic Act 11650 • President Rodrigo Roa Duterte has
signed a law mandating all schools
nationwide to ensure inclusive
education for learners with
disabilities. Republic Act 11650,
inked by Duterte on March 11,
provides that no learner shall be
denied admission based on their
disability
The benefits of RA 11650

• All public schools nationwide are required • Also, mandates that all cities and
to identify learners with special needs and municipalities have at least one Inclusive
provide these learners with free basic and Learning Resource Center (ILRC).
quality education.
What is the role DepEd in the implementation
of special and inclusive education?
• The Department of Education (DepEd) is mandated to protect and promote the right of every Filipino citizen to
quality education that will enable each learner to realize their full potential and meaningfully take part in nation-
building.

•  Actualizing this constitutional right is the main thrust of the K to 12 Basic Education Program which recognizes the
diversity of the country’s learners, schools, and communities. Seeking to be inclusive, K to 12 has broadened the
goals of basic education in response to the varied realities of learners and their families by providing a wider range of
options not only in preparing them for higher education, but also for opportunities in employment and entrepreneur
ship. 

• The principle of inclusion promotes institutional sensitivity and responsiveness to the nature, situation, and realities
of our country’s learners and directs the Department to proactively address these through the curriculum and other
interventions. This is institutionalized by K to 12 through Inclusive Education, a policy perspective realized through
the development and implementation of learner-centered and context-responsive programs.
Components of special and
inclusive education
Special education is offered to individuals with special needs,
those with outstanding features. Moreover, this education provides
the capacity to increase to the highest level in accordance with
these outstanding properties, prevents failure of transforming disabilities
to obstacles, helps disabled individuals meet the specific
requirements and equips these people with skills training which
will support them to be independent and productive individuals
1. Teacher
2. Family
3. School staffs
4. Inclusive students
5. Other students
6. Supportive special education services
7. Instructional adaptations
 Teacher
• Special education and general education teachers often work together to
develop a curriculum and create a positive student culture. In an inclusive
classroom, special education teachers have the essential role of ensuring that
students with disabilities or special needs receive a quality education.
 Family
• Parent and guardian participation in the special education decision-making
process is vitally important. The most important thing parents of disabled kids
can do is take an active role as a member of the Individual Education Program
(IEP) team that determines a student's path.
 School staffs
• In an inclusive school, staffs work together to provide specially-abled children
or students from diverse cultures and races with appropriate support to
encourage their genuine and valued participation.
 Inclusive students
• Kids with special education needs who are in inclusive classes are absent less
often. They develop stronger skills in reading and math. They're also more
likely to have jobs and pursue education after high school. The same research
shows that their peers benefit, too.
 Other students
• The key to inclusive special education programs is understanding and
accepting students for who they are. This means not just helping them
overcome their weaknesses but assisting them in finding and developing their
talents too.
 Supportive special education services
• An inclusive system of education builds on that understanding for the
learners. When students with disabilities are pulled out of the classrooms and
instructed in totally separate settings, they aren't always accepted by their
peers. Those students also can begin to feel and notice differences.
 Instructional adaptations
• Instructional adaptations are changes that teachers make to the classroom
environment that provide students with equal access to the curriculum.
Adaptations include accommodations, or changes made to the way a student
learns, as well as modifications, which are changes to the actual learning
content.
7 principles of inclusive
education
Principle of Togetherness
• Inclusive education provides such learning environment that promotes all
round development of all learners together in the same educational setting.
Irrespective of their caste, color and gender. So it is an approach which brings
all children together in a common educational community.
Principle of Equality
• Another key principle is the principle of equality. Everyone has the right to
access knowledge skill and information. It guarantees some educational rights
for children. In spite of these provisions, there are some group of people who
are deprived of education because of some special causes of factor, but
inclusive education includes all those section of people and provides equality
to all.
Principle of Participation
• Inclusive education is based on the principle of participation. Inclusive
education includes all the children in common educational settings where they
can learn together without discrimination at all. It provides opportunities for
the students with disabilities for the active participation equally. Thus
inclusive education promotes the participation for all children or adults in
teaching learning process.
Principle of Acceptance
• It is another principle of inclusive education. Every parents wants their child
to lean or educate with all other students in a regular classroom and become
able to lead their life independently. And it is base on this principle of
acceptance of all children in education process irrespective of their
disabilities.
Rejection of special classroom
• It is a process education which strongly rejects the concept of special
classroom in special school. Rather it emphasis on togetherness or integration
between the normal child and a child with disability.
Individual Differences
• Each child is different and unique. It considers this principle of individual
differences of children in learning atmosphere. And that is why it benefits all
the children.
Opposite of Exclusion
• The inclusion is a contrast to exclusion, discrimination and limitation on
ground of any differences. All the children who are disabled should educate
with normal children and have equal access to quality education.
Principle of Change
• Inclusive education is based on the principle of change. It tries to change the
system of education to meet the requirement of the child and not about the
change of the children to fit the educational system. It tries to include all the
children for equal education irrespective of their difference.
• Thus, it is a new concept, covering wide range of areas. It includes all the
children with or without disabilities and educate them in the same learning
environment, which provides personal, academic and professional
development of all learners.
Thank you for listening