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GSM Architecture

The BSS consists of base transceiver stations (BTS) which handle the radio connection and base station controllers (BSC) which manage radio resources. The NSS contains switches like the mobile switching center (MSC) and databases like the home location register (

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Rucha Ghare
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298 views10 pages

GSM Architecture

The BSS consists of base transceiver stations (BTS) which handle the radio connection and base station controllers (BSC) which manage radio resources. The NSS contains switches like the mobile switching center (MSC) and databases like the home location register (

Uploaded by

Rucha Ghare
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GSM ARCHITECTURE

Name: Rucha Ghare


Roll no: 58
Batch: B3
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Introduction
GSM stands for Global System for Mobile The GSM standard operates on three different
communication. It is a standard developed by frequencies which are as follows:
European Telecommunication Standards • 900 MHz: It was used by the original GSM
Institute (ETSI) to describe protocols for system.
second generation (2G) digital cellular • 1800 MHz: It was used to support the
networks. It was a replacement for the first growing number of subscribers.
generation (1G) cellular networks. The idea of • 1900 MHz: It is mainly used in the US.
developing GSM originated from a cell-based
mobile radio system at the Bell Laboratories in
the early 1970s.

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GSM ARCHITECTURE

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The GSM network is divided into three major systems: The Base Station
System(BSS), The Network and Switching Subsystem(NSS) and The Operation and
Support System(OSS)
▷ The Base Station ▷ The Network And ▷ The Operation and
System Switching System Support System

BSS handles traffic and NSS is the core network of OSS is a functional entity
signaling between a mobile GSM. That carried out call which the network operator
phone and the network and mobility management monitor and control the
switching subsystem. BSS functions for mobile phone system. OMC  is the part of
has two components present in network. NSS OSS. Purpose of OSS is to
• BTS  have different components offer the customer cost-
like VLR, HLR and EIR. effective support for all
• BSC GSM related maintenance
services.

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The Base Station System
It serves as a connection between the network
subsystem and the mobile station. It consists of two parts: 
▷ The Base Transceiver Station (BTS): The BTS is
responsible for radio connection protocols with the MS
and contains the cell’s radio transceivers. Each
network cell has transceivers and antennas that make
up the BTS.

▷ The Base Station Controller (BSC): The BSC is


responsible for managing the radio resources of one or
more BTS(s). This manages radio channel
configuration and handovers. The BSC serves as the
link seen between mobile and MSC

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The Network And Switching System
The switching system consists of the functional units:

• Mobile Services Switching Center (MSC): Mobile Switching Center is integral to the GSM network
architecture’s central network space. The MSC supports call switching across cellular phones and other
fixed or mobile network users.
• Home Location Register (HLR): It is a set of data items used for storing and managing subscriptions. It
provides data for each consumer as well as their last known position.
• Visitor Location Register (VLR): VLR is a database that provides subscriber information necessary for
the MSC to service passengers. This includes a short-term version of most of the data stored in the HLR.
• Equipment Identity Register (EIR): It is the component that determines if one can use particular mobile
equipment on the system. This consists of a list of every functioning mobile device on the system, with
each mobile device recognized by its own International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) number.
• Authentication Center (AuC): The AUC is a unit that offers verification and encryption factors to ensure
the user’s identity and the privacy of every call. The verification center is a secure file that contains the
user’s private key in the SIM card.

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The Operation and Support System

The operations and maintenance center (ОМС) is connected to all


equipment in the switching system and to the BSC. ОМС monitors
and maintain the performance of each MS, BSC and MSC within a
GSM system. The implementation of ОМС is called the operation
and support system (OSS). Some of the ОМС functions-
• Administration and commercial operation (subscription, end
terminals, charging, and statistics).
• Security Management.
• Network configuration, Operation, and Performance
Management.
• Maintenance Tasks.

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Features of GSM

1. Supports international roaming


2. Clear voice clarity
3. Ability to support multiple handheld devices.
4. Spectral / frequency efficiency
5. Low powered handheld devices.
6. Ease of accessing network
7. International ISDN compatibility.

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Thank You

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