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Chapter 3

This document contains a chapter on electromagnetic induction that discusses various topics including: - Electromagnetic induction occurs whenever there is a change in the magnetic flux linked with a coil, inducing an emf in the coil. - AC generators have a rotating armature to induce alternating current in a coil. The frequency of the induced current depends on the rotation speed of the armature. - Transformers use the principle of mutual induction to change the voltage of an alternating current through a primary and secondary coil with different numbers of turns. A step-up transformer increases voltage while a step-down transformer decreases voltage. - Safety devices like fuses, circuit breakers, and earthing systems are important for household elect

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36 views60 pages

Chapter 3

This document contains a chapter on electromagnetic induction that discusses various topics including: - Electromagnetic induction occurs whenever there is a change in the magnetic flux linked with a coil, inducing an emf in the coil. - AC generators have a rotating armature to induce alternating current in a coil. The frequency of the induced current depends on the rotation speed of the armature. - Transformers use the principle of mutual induction to change the voltage of an alternating current through a primary and secondary coil with different numbers of turns. A step-up transformer increases voltage while a step-down transformer decreases voltage. - Safety devices like fuses, circuit breakers, and earthing systems are important for household elect

Uploaded by

mahalekshmi anil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 3

ELECTROMAGNETIC
INDUCTION
CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
 FLEMINGS RIGHT HAND RULE
 AC GENERATOR
 MUTUAL INDUCTION
 TRANSFORMER
 SELF INDUCTION
 MOVING COIL MICROPHONE
 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
 HOUSEHOLD ELECTRIFICATION
 SAFETY MEASURES IN HOUSEHOLD ELECTRIFICATION
 ELECTRIC SHOCK
INTRODUCTION
MAGNETIC FLUX
ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION

https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/faradays-law/latest/faradays-law_en.html

Whenever there is a change in the magnetic flux


linked with a coil, an emf is induced in the coil. This
phenomenon is electromagnetic induction.

When is induced emf maximum


FACTORS AFFECTING INDUCED EMF
FLEMING’S RIGHT HAND RULE
Which direction will the current flow ?
A conductor hung horizontally in the north-south
direction is connected to a galvanometer. The
conductor is situated in a magnetic field acting in the
East-west direction, In which direction should you
move the conductor if maximum current is to be
induced in the conductor in the north-south direction?
Justify your answer.
AC or DC ?
AC GENERATOR
https://www.walter-fendt.de/html5/phen/generator_en.htm
Period &
Frequency ?
If time period of AC is 0.02 sec, what is
its frequency?
The armature rotates ________ times per
second and the current changes direction
______ times per second.
Analyze the given graph and find out the instances
at which the emf is maximum and minimum.
Why is magnets
made to rotate on
AC Generators ?
DC GENERATOR
What are the similarities between DC
Motor and DC Generator ?
MUTUAL INDUCTION
https://youtu.be/h_KAqSmqEI8

Consider two coils of wire kept


side by side. When the strength
or direction of current in one
coil changes, the magnetic flux
around it changes. As a result,
an emf is induced in the
secondary coil. This
phenomenon is the mutual
induction.
TRANSFORMER
A transformer working on a 240V AC supplies a
voltage of 8V to an electric bell in the circuit. The
number of turns in the primary coil is 4800.
Calculate the number of turns in the secondary
coil.
The input voltage of a transformer is 240 V
AC. There are 80 turns in the secondary coil
and 800 turns in the primary. What is the
output voltage of the transformer ?
Categorise the following relations
appropriately as step-up or step-down :
In a transformer without any loss of power, there
are 5000 turns in the primary and 250 turns in the
secondary. The primary voltage is 120V and the
primary current is 0.1A. Find the voltage and
current in secondary ?
The current in the secondary coil of a transformer is 1A
and that in the primary is 0.5 A.
a. What type of transformer is this?
b. If 200 V is available in the secondary coil of this
transformer, what is the voltage in the primary?
c. Explain the working principle of a transformer.
A transformer has 20A current flowing in the primary
and 60A current flowing in the secondary. The
voltage across primary is 100V.
a) Identify the type of transformer.
b) Which coil will have thicker wires ?
c)What is the voltage across secondary ?
SELF INDUCTION
INDUCTORS
1. Inductors are widely used in AC Circuits ?
Why ?
2. If resistors are used instead of inductors,
what is the disadvantage ?
3. Inductors are not used in DC
Circuits .Why ?
MOVING COIL MICROPHONE
Working
Different types of microphone
Similarities/Differences btw Moving Coil
Microphone & Moving Coil loudspeaker
Copper wires of the same length and thickness are
connected to points A and B in all the three circuits.
In-circuit (a) copper wire is not coiled. In circuits (b)
and (c), the copper wire is coiled. Observe the
circuits and answer the following questions.

a. When circuit (a) is switched on, what do you observe?


b.When circuit (b) is switched on, what change do you
observe in the intensity of light? Justify your answer.
c. When circuit (c) is switched on, what change do you
observe in the intensity of light? Justify your answer
POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION
Transmissio
n Loss ?
A person standing on the ground and
touching the neutral wire will not get
electric shock [T/F]
A person standing on the ground and
touching the phase wire will not get a
shock. [T/F]
Write the voltages of labelled parts a, b, c and
d.
HOUSEHOLD ELECTRIFICATION
Watt-Hour Meter
A grinder of power 750W works for two hours.
Calculate the energy consumed ?
SAFETY MEASURES IN HOUSEHOLD
ELECTRIFICATION

1) Safety Fuse
2) Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB)
3) Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker (ELCB)
4) Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB)
5) Three pin plug and earthing
An electric heater calibrated 1.5 kW, 230 V is
connected to a household branch circuit having 5
A fuse wire and is, made to work. What will
happen?
Why do some mobile phones use 3-pin plugs ?
RECTIFER
ELECTRIC SHOCK
Precautions

• Never handle electric equipments or operate switches


when the hands are wet.
• Insert plug pins into socket and withdraw them only after
switching off.
• Do not operate devices of high power using ordinary
sockets.
• Wear rubber footwear while operating electric devices.
• Do not use table fan to dry hair.
First aid to be given in case of electric shock

Raise the temp of the body by massaging.


Give artificial respiration.
Massage the muscles and bring them back to
original condition.
Start first aid for the functioning of heart ( Apply
pressure on the chest regularly.)
Take the person to the nearest hospital
immediately.
What can be done to save electrical energy in
schools and houses?
“Saving Electricity is equivalent to
generating Electricity “

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