THE SYSTEM OF EUCATION IN THE

PHILIPPINES FORMAL AND INFORMAL

GADONG, ANDREA TUMBAGA, JUSTIN

GALUT, KRISTINE HAROLD
FABRO, EVELYN JUAN, JERYME
 Education is vital in almost every part of the world.
Though every country has its education system, most
nations would have a similar concept or equivalent
qualification.
The Education system in the Philippines is different as it
adopted a combination of influences from its colonial
history.
The Educational system in the Philippines has been
greatly influenced by the colonization of Malaysia,
China, Spain and America. However, much of the
country’s current schooling system follows American
Educational practices.
 Here in the Philippines, a
thirteen year education is
mandatory law. These thirteen
years run from kindergarten up
to grade 12, also known as the
K-12 programme. After, student
have the option of whether to
pursue higher education or not.
 FORMAL EDUCATION

• It is the systematic and deliberate process of

hierarchically structured and sequential
learning corresponding to the general
concept of elementary and secondary level
of schooling.
Three government agencies manage
the different levels of education in
the Philippines
1. The Department of Education (DepEd)

• Sets the standards and implements standardized

tests for public school throughout K-12.
Meanwhile, privates schools tend to have more
freedom in developing their curricula as long as
they adhere to DepEd’s existing laws.
 2. The Commission on Higher Education
(CHED)

•Oversees higher education

institutions, such as colleges
and universities.
3. The Technical Education
and Skills
Development Authority (TESDA)
•Regulates the Technical and
Vocational Education and
Training (TVET) programmes.
The medium of instruction in the Philippines is English and
Filipino. However, since the Philippine is archipelago made
out of 7,000 islands, there are also over 100 languages used
across the country. To make it easier for younger children,
different provinces then use the local languages in primary
school. Afterwards, the language of instruction used is
primarily English in more urban areas.

In the Philippines, the academic year usually commences in

June and ends in March or April.
• For a long time, the Education system in the Philippines was once
of the shortest in the world. Back then, formal education was
only required for 10 years (6 years of primary school and 4 years
of high school).
• In 2012, the Government introduced new legislation requiring
students to attend school from kindergarten (around age 5) to
grade 12 (around age 18).
• This meant that new legislation added 2 years to the curriculum
before students could finish high school . Since then, the
education system in the Philippines became more similar to
American K-12 schooling.
 K-12 in the Philippines as 3 levels:

• Primary School (Primary Education) K-6

• Junior High School (Lower Secondary
Education) 7 to 10
• Senior High School (Upper Secondary
Education 11 o 12
After which, students have the option to
pursue Higher Education, This Includes a
Bachelor’s Degree, Master’s Degree,
Doctor of Medicine, Juris Doctor and
PhD.
 PRIMARY EDUCATION
• Generally, the duration of primary school in the Philippines is about six
years, and it is divided into two cycles.
PRIMARY CYCLE (4 years): Grade 1 to 4
INTERMEDIATE CYCLE ( 2 years) Grade 5 to 6
• This type of curriculum is mandatory in public school.
However, private school usually offer a 7 year
curriculum instead of 6, children attend school a year
earlier.
• At the end of every school year, the students
cumulative grades are evaluated. If the student pass or
earn at least 75%, they can move forward to the next
year level.
• After completing six years of primary school, the
students graduate and earn a diploma from the
institution. After earning this diploma, they can move
onto secondary education.
 SECONDARY EDUCATION

• Secondary Education in the Philippines is also known

as high school, and it consists of two levels:
1. Lower Secondary Education (Junior High School):
Grades 7 to 10
2. Upper Secondary Education ( Senior High School):
Grades 11 to 12
 HIGHER EDUCATION

• After finishing the mandatory K-12 programmer,

students in the Philippines have the option to
pursue Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in
the Philippines, with over 3,000,000 students
enrolled in the courses (SY 2019-2022)
IN-FORMAL EDUCATION
 BASIC EDUCATION

• Is the education intended to meet

basic learning needs which lays the
foundation on which subsequent
learning can be based.
 INFORMAL EDUCATION

• It is a lifelong process of learning by which

every person acquires and accumulates
knowledge skills, attitudes and insights from
daily experiences at home, at work, at play
and from life itself.
 NON-FORMAL EDUCATION (NFE)

• NFE refers to any organized, systematic

educational activity carried outside the
framework of the formal system to
provide selected types of learning to a
segment of the population.
 LEGAL FOUNDATION OF THE NFE

1. 1987 Philippine Constitution

The State shall protect and promote the right of all
citizens to quality education at all levels, and shall
take appropriate steps to make such education
accessible to all. (Art. XIV, Sec 1, 1987 Phil.
Consti.
 LEGAL FOUNDATION OF THE NFE

2. RA 9155 (The Governance Act of Basic

Education)
This law recognized the ALS as a
complement of formal education and
a major component of basic
education.
 LEGAL FOUNDATION OF THE NFE

3. EO No. 356 (Renaming BNFE to BALS)

Aside from renaming the bureau, this law also
directed BALS to provide a systematic and
flexible approach to reach all types learners
outside the school system.
 LEGAL FOUNDATION OF THE NFE

4. Education for All Plan 2015

One of its main goals is to transform all non
formal and in formal education interventions
into an ALS to yield more EFA benefits.
 WHO FINANCES NFE?

1. BUREAU OF ALTERNATIVE LEARNING

SYSTEM (BALS)
2. LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS (LGU)
3. NON-GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS
4. PRIVATE GROUPS/DONORS
 KAMUSTAHAN SA BARANGAY
• It is an innovative participatory advocacy, monitoring and
evaluation strategy as well.
• It serves as a central venue for the promotion of NFE at the
community level.
• It’s main objective is to mobilize local efforts and rally
support for sustainable non formal programs implementation.
 USAPAN

• Usapan at Aksyon sa ALS Ngayon

• It aims to support the professional growth and
develop competence of the Mobile Teachers by
organizing them into small groups or clusters
to learn from one another
MAJOR TYPES OF NFE PROGRAMS

1. BASIC LITERACY PROGRAM

This aims to provide illiterate out-of-school children,
youth and adults the basic literacy.
It is a straight literacy program tat uses the life skills
approach wit a modified content according to different
learning groups.
 MAJOR TYPES OF NFE PROGRAMS

2. ACCREDITATION & EQUIVALENCY PROGRAM

It aims to provide learners a range of alternative
pathways in order that they may continue their
learning outside of the formal school system and
upgrade year skills and competencies and functional
literacy.
MAJOR TYPE OF NFE PROGRAM

3. INDIGENOUS PEOPLE’S EDUCATION

This aims to develop ALS intervention that is
acceptable to the IP’s in general and specific IP
communities.
The content is based on indigenous People’s Rights
Act.
MAJOR TYPES Of NFE PROGRAMS

4. INFORMAL EDUCATION
This program is focused on the packaging
special interest short term courses for
continuing education program for specific
interest group.
MAJOR TYPES OF NFE PROGRAMS

5. MADARASA EDUCATION
This program aims to foster better
understanding between the migrant
Muslims and their host communities.
 SOURCE:
• https://childhope.org.ph

• https://kabayanremit.com
 IDENTIFICATION

1. It is a lifelong process of learning by

which every person acquires and
accumulates knowledge, skills,
attitudes and insights from daily
experiences at home.
 IDENTIFICATION

2. It is the systematic and deliberate

process of hierarchically structured
and sequential learning
 IDENTIFICATION

3. This act recognized the ALS

as a complement of formal
education.
 IDENTIFICATION

4.This Article States that, Shall

protect and promote the right of
all citizens to quality education
at all levels.
 IDENTIFICATION

5. What is the meaning of NFE?