GO O D

I N G!!!
MOR N
 Dear heavenly father
thank you for the hundredfold
blessings, help us to Multiply
Love and respect, Divide our
God-given talents, Add
happiness and ideas to others
and Subtract wrong doings and
grudges in our hearts in Jesus
Name AMEN.
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 QUARTER 4
Module 1
INTRODUCTION TO
STATISTICS
BASIC CONCEPT
OF
STATISTICS
 is a science that deals with the
methods of collecting, presenting,
analyzing, and interpreting data in
STATISTICS such a way that valid conclusions can
be drawn from them.

It came from the Latin word

“statisticus”

“of the state”.

 IMPORTANCE OF STATISTICS

BUSINESS BANKING
Production Planning Cash Flow
Quality of Products Interest Rates
Location of Business Lending Feasibility
Estimation on the
Advertising of Products
number of depositors
Financial Resources
Capital Resources
 IMPORTANCE OF STATISTICS

ECONOMICS EDUCATION
Imports and Exports Assessments on
Inflation Rates Student’s Performance
Per Capital Income
Law of Supply and
Demand
 KINDS
OF
STATISTICS
 Deals with the
presentation, description,
and interpretation of data
gathered.
DESCRIPTIVE
STATISTICS
-concerned with
summarizing and
describing data
 Examples:
The principal wants to
know the number of
enrollees for Grade 7 this
DESCRIPTIVE
year.
STATISTICS
A teacher computes the
average grade of her
students in 1st quarter.
 Involves drawing the right
conclusion from the
statistical analysis that has
been performed using
INFERENTIAL descriptive statistics.
STATISTICS
-making conclusion or
prediction (inference) from
the data
 Examples:
A boy predicts that he will
be the valedictorian of the
class based on his
INFERENTIAL
performance.
STATISTICS
A researcher studies the
effectiveness of a new
fertilizer to increase food
production.
 Determine the
following whether
Descriptive or
Inferential
The janitor counts
the chairs and
furniture in the
school

DESCRIPTIVE
 A manager of a
business firm predicts
future sales of the
company based on the
present sales
INFERENTIAL
 A school
administrator forecast
future expansion of
the school

INFERENTIAL
 A psychologist
investigates if there is
significant relationship
between mental age
and chronological age.

DESCRIPTIVE
Glaiza speculates that
Mayweather is afraid
to fight with Manny
Paquiao

INFERENTIAL
An engineer calculates
the average height of
the building along Jp
Rizal

DESCRIPTIVE
 FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENTS OF STATISTICS

POPULATION
Refers to the groups or aggregates of people, objects,
events, or things in any form. The size of the population
is denoted by N. Examples: Students of Pitogo High School,
dialects in the Philippines
SAMPLE
Consists of few or more members of the population.
Samples are taken from the population so as to represent
the population characteristics or traits. The size of the
sample is denoted by n.
Examples: Grade 7 students of Pitogo High
School, Female students of Pitogo High School
 Population: All teachers of
PHS
Sample: Math teachers of PHS,
English teachers of PHS,
Population: All NBA players
Sample: Players of Golden
State Wariors, Cleveland
Cavaliers team
 Population: Teachers of
Pitogo High School
Sample:?
Population: Tourist Spots in
the Philippines
Sample:?
 FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENTS OF STATISTICS

DATA Information gathered from the

population and used for the
purpose of analysis

VARIABLE Refers to characteristics that is

observable or measurable in
every unit of population
Examples: height, weight, marital status,
gender, age, …
 DATA

QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE

DISCRETE CONTINUOUS
QUALITATIVE
Words or codes that represent a class or
category.
Express a categorical attribute or
characteristics of the population or sample
Gender
Religion
Marital Status
Highest Educational Attainment
QUANTITATIVE
Number that represent an amount or a count.
Numerical data, sizes are meaningful and
answer question “how many” or “how much”.
Height
Weight
Household Size
Number of Registered Car
 Determine the ff.
variables whether
Qualitative or
Quantitative
Weight of a boy

QUANTITATIVE
Spots on dice

QUALITATIVE
Books in the library

QUALITATIVE
 Nationality

QUALITATIVE
Height of PBA
Players

QUANTITATIVE
Cellphone number

QUANTITATIVE
Place of residence

QUALITATIVE
 Level of
performance of a
job
QUALITATIVE
Number of books in
the library

QUANTITATIVE
 Number of
domestic animals in
the zoo
QUANTITATIVE
Speed of delivery
truck

QUANTITATIVE
Holidays in a year

QUALITATIVE
Passing score on a
test
QUANTITATIVE
Distance travelled
by Dora
QUANTITATIVE
Quantitative Data classified as;
DISCRETE CONTINUOUS

Data that can be  is a variable that can

counted. assume any numerical
value over an interval or
Number of Days intervals. It can be obtained
Number of Siblings through measuring
Daily Allowance in Height
School
Weight
Body Temperature
 Determine whether each is qualitative or quantitative;

1. The hair colors of players on a football team. QUALITATIVE

2. The color of cars in a parking lot. QUALITATIVE

3. The painting is 14 inches wide and 12 inches

long. QUANTITATIVE
4. 98% of the graduating high school class is going to
college. QUANTITATIVE

5. Gender of the household head. QUALITATIVE

Determine whether the ff.
is Discrete or Continuous
Weight of a boy

CONTINUOUS
 Number of
cellphone numbers

DISCRETE
Height of NBA
Players
CONTINUOUS
Number of books
in the library

DISCRETE
 Number of
holidays in a year
DISCRETE
Distance travelled
by Diego
CONTINUOUS
 Number
` of kWh
of electricity used
in a month
CONTINUOUS
Uses of Statistics in
Real-Life Situations
EDUCATION
PURCHASING A PRODUCT
BUSINESS
INVESTMENT
STATE MANAGEMENT
EFFICACY OF MEDICINE
THANK YOU!