KANT’S “Act only according to that maxim by

which you can at the same time will

DEONTOLOGICAL that it should become a universal
ETHICS: law." (Groundwork of the
Metaphysics of Morals)
THE DUTY
FRAMEWORK

GROUP- 3
OVERVIEW:
Ethical theories are frameworks
for understanding and
analyzing issues related to
morality and decision-making.
ETHICAL
There are several different
THEORIES ethical theories, including
consequentialism,
deontological ethics, and virtue
ethics.
DEONTOLOGICAL
ETHICS:
is a type of ethical theory that focuses on the
inherent rightness or wrongness of actions
themselves, as opposed to their
consequences. It is based on the idea that
there are certain moral duties or obligations
that people have, regardless of the outcomes
or consequences of their actions.
IMMANUEL KANT
(1724-1801)
April 22, 1724
• Konigsberg, Prussia

A German Philosopy
• February 12, 1804
• Were he spent nearly his entire life.
Kant’s PHILOSOPY:

Moral • Philosophy of
Philosoph
y freedom.

Political
• Entwined with his
Philosoph
y moral philosophy.
Kant’s Deontological Ethics in

Duty Framework:
- Is centered on the idea of duty and the universal
principles that guide our actions.

- It emphasizes the importance of rationality,

autonomy, and respect for human dignity in our
moral decision-making.
Part of Kant’s Deontological ethics :

Duty Morality
Comes from the Greek word
“Deon”.

- Duty may be done for its Duty

intrinsic worth and not for
ulterior gains.
 - Defines by duties.

- Also one’s action is moral if

Morality it is an act motivated by
DUTY.
THE CATEGORICAL
IMPERATIVE:
- One of Kant's categorical imperatives is the
universalizability principle, in which one
should "act only in accordance with that
maxim through which you can at the same time
will that it become a universal law.”
- It was introduced by Immanuel Kant in his 1785
work Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals.
The 3 Categorical Imperative
 The 3 Categorical
Imperative

Universal Law Humanity

Kingdom of ends
Universal • Act only according to that maxim
Law whereby you can at the same time
will that it should become a
universal law without
contradiction.” – Immanuel Kant,
Groundwork of Metaphysic of Morals
• Example :
 • Act in such a way that you treat humanity,
whether in your own person or in the
person of any other, never merely as a
Humanit means to an end but always at the same
time as an end.”– Immanuel Kant,
y Groundwork of Metaphysic of Morals
• Example :
• Therefore, every rational being must
so act as if he were through his
maxim always a legislating member Kingdom of
in the universal kingdom of ends.” –
Immanuel Kant, Groundwork of
Ends
Metaphysic of Morals
• Example :
Examples on How CI can be applied:

Environmental ethics:
Lying : Slavery :
• According to the formula of
• According to the • According to the formula kingdom of ends, we have a
formula of universal of humanity, slavery is moral obligation to protect the
morally wrong because it invironment because it affects
law, lying is morally treats human beings as
all rational beings.
wrong because it is not means to end, rather than
a rule that we could will as ends in themselves.
to become a universal
law.
 DUTY

GOOD WILL
• Duty
- According to Kant, what is singular about motivation by
duty is that it consists of bare respect for the moral law.

• Good Will
- Kant’s analysis of commonsense ideas begins with
the thought that the only thing good without
qualification is a “good will”.
For Kant, a moral agent has a good will
insofar as they act consistently from duty.
To act from duty is to follow the moral law,
also known as the categorical imperative.
The categorical imperative commands us to
act only in ways that could rationally be
made into universal laws of nature.
Strength of Kant’s
Deontological
Ethics Framework
Provides a clear and objective basis for
moral decision-making:

Emphasizes the importance of treating

people as ends in themselves:

Universal applicability:
 To Kant, all humans must be seen as inherently
worthy of respect and dignity. He argued that all
morality must stem from such duties: a duty based on
a deontological ethic. Consequences such as pain or
pleasure are irrelevant.
 encourages you to work on a moral basis, there is no
religious bias that comes into play. everyone agrees
that there are absolute rights and wrongs generally.
Strengthremove
categorical imperatives of Kant’sthe problem of inner
desire. Deontological Ethics
Framework
 Criticisms of Kant
Deontological Ethics
in Duty Framework
 The framework you are referring to could be the
ethical framework proposed by Immanuel Kant,
known as Kantian ethics.
 Kantian ethics is a deontological ethical theory that
emphasizes the importance of universal moral
principles and the intrinsic value of human beings.

Criticisms of Kant Deontological

Ethics in Duty Framework
 conclusion
Kantian deontological ethics provides a powerful tool for
ethical analysis and decision-making. Its emphasis on duty
and moral obligation can help individuals and
organizations make principled and consistent ethical
decisions. However, it is important to balance the
categorical imperative with other ethical frameworks and
to consider the specific circumstances of each situation
when making moral decisions.
 conclusion
Advantages of using this framework include its clear and
objective basis for moral decision-making, its emphasis on
treating people as ends in themselves, and its universal
applicability to all rational beings. However, some
criticisms of this framework include its rigid adherence to
moral rules without considering the nuances of particular
situations, and its potential to overlook the importance of
consequences in moral decision-making.
THANK YOU !!!!