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Scientific Investigation

The document outlines the steps of the scientific method which include forming a question, making observations and research, developing a hypothesis, experimentation, analyzing results, and drawing a conclusion. It provides examples of qualitative and quantitative observations, identifying independent, dependent, and controlled variables. Key aspects of a scientific investigation like formulating a hypothesis and experimental design are also explained.

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Erwin Magsisi
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20 views

Scientific Investigation

The document outlines the steps of the scientific method which include forming a question, making observations and research, developing a hypothesis, experimentation, analyzing results, and drawing a conclusion. It provides examples of qualitative and quantitative observations, identifying independent, dependent, and controlled variables. Key aspects of a scientific investigation like formulating a hypothesis and experimental design are also explained.

Uploaded by

Erwin Magsisi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 41

 

WELCOME TO SCIENCE 7 : WEEK 2


OPENING
PRAYER
G e t
d y!
Re a
PEN
SCIENCE
MODULE
PAPER
OBJECTIVES
1. identify the components of a scientific investigation;
2. differentiate qualitative from quantitative observation;
3. identify the independent, dependent, and controlled
variables; and
4. formulate hypothesis and collect, organize, and
interpret data about the
investigation.
ARE YOU FAMILIAR WITH THIS
PROGRAM?
HOW DOES

THE  
INVESTIGATOR
IN THIS
SHOW SOLVE
THE 
PROBLEMS?
The Scientific Method
is a series of step by
step process of
solving problem or
inquiries
scientifically.
PROBLEM/QUESTION

OBSERVATION/RESEARCH

FORMULATE A HYPOTHESIS

TEST YOUR HYPOTHESIS

COLLECT AND ANALYZE RESULTS

CONCLUSION
STEPS OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD
EXAMPLE

1. PROBLEM/QUESTION
Why does a cooked
Develop a question or onion taste sweet?
problem that can be
solved through
experimentation.
STEPS OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD

2. OBSERVATION
Make observations and
research your topic of interest.
TWO TYPES OF OBSERVATION
QUALITATIVE OBSERVATION QUANTITATIVE OBSERVATION
Observation using the five senses Observation using a quantity, a
to gather information about an count, number or amount usually
object or event. using a scientific instrument.
TASTE
EXAMPLE
TOUCH Using a meter
HEARING stick to measure
SIGHT the length of a
table in
SMELL centimeters.
a. The cup had a mass of 454 grams.

QUANTITATIV
QUALITATIVE
E
b. The building is taller than the tree.

QUANTITATIV
QUALITATIVE
E
c. It is warm outside.

QUANTITATIV
QUALITATIVE
E
d. The total number of covid-19 cases in the
Philippines is 279,526.

QUANTITATIV
QUALITATIVE
E
STEPS OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD

3. Formulate a Hypothesis
Predict a possible answer to the
problem or question.
It is simply a prediction and has not
yet been proven or disproven.
PROBLEM : WHY DOES A COOKED ONION
TASTE SWEET?

HYPOTHESIS : THE ONION HAS A SUGAR


IN FORM OF STARCH
STEPS OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD

4. Test your Hypothesis


Develop and follow a procedure;
Include a detailed materials’ list.
Most important part of Scientific
method
IODINE TEST

USED TO DETECT STARCH


FROM A SAMPLE
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
things that you’ve changed in an experiment
DEPENDENT VARIABLE
things that you want to measure
CONTROLLED VARIABLE
things that stay the same in an experiment
Students of different ages were given the same
jigsaw puzzle to put together. They were
timed to see how long it took to finish the
puzzle.

INDEPENDENT DEPENDENT CONTROLLED

Ages of the The time to put


the puzzle
Same
students
together puzzle
An investigation was done with an electromagnetic system
made from a battery and wire wrapped around a nail.
Different sizes of nails were used. The number of paper
clips the electromagnet could pick up was measured.

INDEPENDENT DEPENDENT CONTROLLED

Sizes of nails Number of paper


Battery,
nails clips picked up
wire, type
of nail
The higher the temperature of water, the faster
an egg will boil.

INDEPENDENT DEPENDENT CONTROLLED

temperature time to cook an


egg
Type of
of water
egg
Lemon trees receiving the most water
produced the most lemon.

INDEPENDENT DEPENDENT CONTROLLED

Amount of Trees that


produces most
Soil,
water
lemon lemon
trees
STEPS OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD

5. Collect and Analyze Results


Include tables, graphs, and
photographs.
What was the
temperature in April?
60o F

What was the


temperature in July?
80o F

What months have the


lowest temperature
recorded?
January and
December
STEPS OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD

5. Conclusion
Include a statement that accepts or
rejects the hypothesis.
ASSESSMENT
page 7
Hypothesis Writing Review The format for
writing a hypothesis is…
If (then describe what you will do in the
experiment)
then (predict the outcome of the experiment),
because (what is your reasoning, or what does
the research say?)
Example: Increased sleep may cause higher
grades. Independent variable: amount of sleep
Dependent variable: grade percent average

Formal hypothesis: If the amount of sleep is


increased then the grade percent average will
increase because sleep allows students to be
alert and focused during class.
Question: What effect does stirring have on
solution rate?
Hypothesis: If the water is stirred, then the
tablet will dissolve faster because stirring
increases solution rate.
If 7th graders and 8th graders complete the
same math problems, then the 8th graders
will have more answers correct, because
they have studied math for one year longer
than the 7th graders.
If some students eat breakfast before school and
others do not, then the ones who do eat
breakfast will have better grades in their
morning classes, because their brains have
more energy to think.

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