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Expanded Program For Immunization

The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) was established in 1976 to provide routine childhood vaccinations for diseases like tuberculosis, polio, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and measles. Its goal is to reduce illness and death from vaccine-preventable diseases. By 1986, 21.3% of children under 14 months were fully vaccinated according to EPI guidelines. The EPI program outlines the vaccines used, their dosage and administration schedule, age for initial doses and intervals between doses to provide optimal disease protection. Proper cold chain storage and management of vaccines is critical to maintain their potency from manufacture to administration.

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Hope Carena
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92 views

Expanded Program For Immunization

The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) was established in 1976 to provide routine childhood vaccinations for diseases like tuberculosis, polio, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and measles. Its goal is to reduce illness and death from vaccine-preventable diseases. By 1986, 21.3% of children under 14 months were fully vaccinated according to EPI guidelines. The EPI program outlines the vaccines used, their dosage and administration schedule, age for initial doses and intervals between doses to provide optimal disease protection. Proper cold chain storage and management of vaccines is critical to maintain their potency from manufacture to administration.

Uploaded by

Hope Carena
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPANDED

PROGRAM
on
IMMUNIZATION
The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)
was established in 1976 to ensure that
infants/children and mothers have access to
routinely recommended infant/childhood vaccines.
Six vaccine-preventable diseases were initially
included in the EPI: tuberculosis, poliomyelitis,
diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and measles.
In 1986, 21.3% “fully immunized” children less
than fourteen months of age based on the EPI
Comprehensive Program review.
GOAL
To reduce the morbidity and mortality among children
against the most common vaccine-preventable diseases.
Specific Goals:
1. To immunize all infants/children against the most
common vaccine-preventable diseases.
2. To sustain the polio-free status of the Philippines.
3. To eliminate measles infection.
4. To eliminate maternal and neonatal tetanus
5. To control diphtheria, pertussis, hepatitis b and
German measles.
6. To prevent extra pulmonary tuberculosis among
children.
Vaccine Content Form & # of Route
Dosage Doses
BCG Live attenuated Freeze dried 1 ID
bacteria infant- 0.05ml
Preschool-
0.1ml
DPT DT- weakened liquid-0.5ml 3 IM
toxin
P-killed
bacteria
OPV weakened liquid-2drops 3 Oral
virus
Hepa B Plasma Liquid-0.5ml 3 IM
derivative
Measles Weakened Freeze dried- 1 Subcutaneous
virus 0.5ml
Vaccine Age at Interval between Protection
1st dose dose
BCG At birth    
DPT 6 weeks 4 weeks DPT
OPV 6weeks 4weeks Poliomyelitis
Hepa B @ birth @birth,6th week,1 Hepa-B
4th week
Measles 9mos.-   measles
11mos.
 6 months – earliest dose of measles given in case
of outbreak
 9months-11months– regular schedule of measles
vaccine
 15 months– latest dose of measles given

 4-5 years old– catch up dose

 Fully Immunized Child (FIC)- less than 12 months


old child with complete immunizations of DPT,
OPV, BCG, Anti Hepatitis, Anti measles.
 There is no contraindication to immunization
except when the child is immunosuppressed
or is very, very ill (but not slight fever or cold).
Or if the child experienced convulsions after a
DPT or measles vaccine, report such to the
doctor immediately.
 Malnutrition is not a contraindication for
immunizing children rather, it is an indication
for immunization since common childhood
diseases are often severe to malnourished
children.
Cold Chain under EPI:
Cold Chain is a system used to maintain potency of
a vaccine from that of manufacture to the time it is
given to child or pregnant woman.
The allowable timeframes for the storage of
vaccines at different levels are:
 6months- Regional Level
 3months- Provincial Level/District Level
 1month-main health centers-with ref.
 Not more than 5days- Health canters using
transport boxes.
Most sensitive to heat:  Freezer 
(-15 to -25 degrees C)
• OPV
• Measles
Sensitive to heat and freezing (body of ref. +2 to
+8 degrees Celsius)
• BCG
• DPT
• Hepa B
• TT
Use those that will expire first, mark “X”/ exposure,
3rd– discard,
FEFO (“first expiry and first out”) – vaccine is
practiced to assure that all vaccines are utilized
before the expiry date.
• Proper arrangement of vaccines and/or labelling of
vaccines expiry date are done to identify those
near to expire vaccines.
Vaccines and cold chain management
• Upgraded the cold chain equipment in the 80
provinces, 38 cities and 16 regions since 2003.
• An effective vaccine management assessment
was conducted last December 2011 and
revealed cold chain capacity gaps from the
national up to the implementers level.
• A total of PhP 267 million is required to address
the gaps identified during the assessment.

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