QUARTER 3,

WEEK 5
 Chapter 5 – SIMILARITY
Some scenes in movies use small models that represent large
creatures or objects. Other use camera tricks such as projectors that
can enlarge or reduce an object into its appropriate image size.

Can you describe a situation for which you may need to make a
model of something that is very large or small? Why would you
not use the actual object? What advantages would the model have
over the actual objects?
You may not answer these questions today, but as we go on
and learn about Similarity, I hope, at the end, you can answer
these questions or describe real situations.
 Chapter 5 – SIMILARITY
In this chapter, we will study about similar
shapes. We will determine and prove two
triangles that are similar. We will find the
lengths of proportional sides and the measures
of angles of similar triangles. We will also apply
these similarity properties in deriving the
Pythagorean Theorem.
 QUARTER 3, WEEK 5
Topics

❑5.1 Ratio and Proportion

►5.1.1 Properties and Definitions Involving

Ratio and Proportion
►5.1.2 Proportional Segments in a Triangle
 OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to,

1. describe a proportion; and

2. apply the fundamental theorems of

proportionality to solve problems involving
proportions.
 LOOKING BACK: Ratio

How do you compare two quantities?

For example, let us compare the sales of two newspaper
boys, Tom and Job. Tom sold 300 newspapers while Job
sold 200 newspapers. What is the ratio of the sales of the
two boys?
 BRIEF INTRODUCTION
►  
 5.1 RATIO AND PROPORTION

5.1.1 PROPERTIES AND DEFINITIONS

INVOLVING RATIO AND PROPORTION
5.1.2 PROPORTIONAL SEGMENTS IN A
TRIANGLE
 5.1 RATIO AND
PROPORTION
5.1.1 PROPERTIES AND DEFINITIONS INVOLVING RATIO
AND PROPORTION
►A ratio is a comparison between two numbers or two quantities of the
same unit.
For example:
The ratio of female to male presidents of the Philippines can be expressed in
different forms:
 
2 : 14 (colon form)
 
2 is to 14 (phrase form)
 Example: What is the ratio of?

a. 1 meter to 50 centimeters b. 2 days to 3 weeks

Solution: Solution:
1 meter = 100 centimeters 3 weeks = 21 days
   
 CHAT BOX!What is the ratio of?

c. 10 cm to 50 cm d. 3 days to 2 weeks

Solution: Solution:
Same unit so just get the ratio, 2 weeks = 14 days

 
 
 Check your Understanding
Write each ratio in simplest form.
A
1. AC : CE 20 : 16 = 5 : 4 5

2. BC : CD 15 : 12 B

3. BD : AE 18 : 24 = 3 : 4 20 24

4. CD : CE 12 : 16 18

5. BC : AC 15 : 20 = 3 : 4
6. BC : AB 15 : 5 = 3 : 1 C E
D 4
7. CD : DE 12 : 4
16
►  

15 + 12 + 18 = 45 : 20 + 16 + 24 = 60
45 : 60 3:4
 5.1 RATIO AND
PROPORTION
5.1.1 PROPERTIES AND DEFINITIONS INVOLVING RATIO AND
PROPORTION
►A proportion is an equation that shows two ratios are equivalent.

❖ Fundamental Law of Proportions

⮚ The product of the extremes is equal to the product of the means. That is,
ad = bc.
►    

For example: 2:14 = 6:42 or

a : b = c : d 2 : 14 = 6 : 42

means 84

extremes 84
 Example: (EXERCISE 5.1.1)
►  

How about the 3rd blank? What is the

missing number? Answer: 21
 
Solution:    

     
Solution:
 Example: (EXERCISE 5.1.1)

►  

       
 Chat box!

1. Supply the number that will make each equation a

  statement of proportion.

b c
a
 Chat box!

1. Supply the number that will make each equation a

 
statement of proportion.

b c

6
 Chat box!

1. Supply the number that will make each equation a

 
statement of proportion.

16 c
6
 Chat box!

1. Supply the number that will make each equation a

 
statement of proportion.
 
16

6
 More Examples: (EXERCISE 5.1.1)

2. Complete each statement. Answer

 
36

CHAT
BOX!
 
11y
 More Examples: (EXERCISE 5.1.1)

►  

   
   
Solve for y:

CHAT Solve for x:

BOX!  
Solution:      
 Fundamental Law of Proportions
➢ Geometric Mean
If a, b, and c are positive real numbers and a/b=b/c, then b is
called the mean proportional or geometric mean between a and
 
c.
 

CHAT Find the geometric mean.

BOX!
a. 8 and 18  
 ➢ Arithmetic Mean

The arithmetic mean of two numbers is half the sum of the

given two numbers.

Find the arithmetic mean.

CHAT  

BOX!Solution:
a. 8 and 18      
   
     
   
5.1 RATIO AND PROPORTION
5.1.1 PROPERTIES AND DEFINITIONS
INVOLVING RATIO AND PROPORTION
5.1.2 PROPORTIONAL SEGMENTS IN A
TRIANGLE
5.1.2 PROPORTIONAL SEGMENTS IN A
TRIANGLE
BASIC PROPORTIONALITY THEOREM
If a line parallel to one side of a triangle intersects the other two sides in distinct points,
then it divides those sides proportionally.

 
a c
e
 

b d
f
 5.1.2 PROPORTIONAL SEGMENTS IN A
TRIANGLE
V
 

►   R S

Solution: Check: K P
    CHAT
 
BOX!
 
 
?
Solution:    
 
 
   
   
     
Check: ?
     
5.1.2 PROPORTIONAL SEGMENTS IN A
TRIANGLE
►   V

R S
a. If KR=6, VR=4, and VS=7, then PS = _____.
K P
Solution:        
  Check:
      
?

CHAT
b.BOX!
If KR=12, KV=16, and SP=36, then VS = _____. Solution
5.1.2 PROPORTIONAL SEGMENTS IN A
TRIANGLE
►   V

R S
b. If KR=12, KV=16, and SP=36, then VS = _____.
K P
Solution: Solve for PV first,
     
 

Then, solve for VS,

 
 
 
 Check your
Understanding
 CHAT BOX!
Choose the letter of the correct answer.
►   A

x 9
a. 6 b. 5 c. 4 d. 3 D E
4 6
Solution:
B C
   
 

A
 CHAT BOX!
Choose the letter of the correct answer.

2. The ratio of female grade 9 students to male grade 9 students in a certain

school is 5 : 4. If there are 850 female grade 9 students, what is the grade 9
total population of the school?

a. 680 b. 750 c. 1 530 d. 1 600 Total population =

680 + 850
Solution: Total population = 1
5 (females) : 4 (males) = 850 (females) : ___ (males) 530

C
   
   
 CHAT BOX!
Choose the letter of the correct answer.

3. The ratio of the angles of two complementary angles is 4:5. Find the
measures of the two angles.
a. 100 and 800 b. 200 and 700 c. 300 and 600 d. 400 and 500

Solution: Complementary angles are angles whose sum is 900.

Let 4x and 5x represent the measures of the angles.
4x + 5x = 900
9x = 900
So, 4x = 4(100) = 400
5x = 5(100) = 500
D
x = 100 The measure of the angles are 400 and 500.
 CHAT BOX!
Choose the letter of the correct answer.

4. The geometric mean of 16 and 9 is _____.

a. 25 b. 12 c. 8 d. 7

Solution:
 
    B
WRITTEN WORKS: Quarter 3 Week
5
Test Yourself Exercise 5.1.1 Exercise 5.1.2
Draw/List 2 objects with (Proportional Segments
(Properties and
proportional sides that be seen in a Triangle)
inside your house. Definitions Involving
Ratio and Proportion) ⮚ No. 1 (a, b)
Example: Plastic Box Cover
⮚ No. 1 (c and d only) ⮚ 10 (a, b)
3m
18 m
4m ⮚ No. 2 (c and d only) ⮚ No. 14
24 m
⮚ No. 4 (c and d only) ⮚ No. 16
 
Performance Task: Quarter 3 Week 5-6
Ipapakita ang iyong kaalaman/karanasan sa kahalagahan ng pag-iimpok
 LAYUNIN/
(savings) sa pamamagitan ng isang infographics-ISANG PLATITONG
GOAL
IMPORMASYON

Layunin ng tao na magkaroon ng maayos na pamumuhay at mataas na kita

TUNGKULIN/ upang matugunan ang kanyang mga pangangailangan tulad ng pagkain, damit,
18 m
ROLE tirahan, edukasyon at iba pa.Dahil dito ang halos lahat ay nangangailangan ng
24 m
salapi maging ang paglilibang at pakikisama ay may gastos na rin.

MANONOOD/ Ang iyong guro, kaklase at maging ang iyong pamilya sa makakasaksi ng iyong
AUDIENCE ipapamalas na gawain. Maging makatotohanan at malikhain sa iyong gawain.
Performance Task: Quarter 3 Week 5-6
Bilang isang ekonomista sa panahon ng pandemya, ano-ano ang mga maaari mong
maging kaalaman/karanasan/suhestyon sa mga mamamayan sa kahalagahan ng pag-
iimpok (savings).
 
SITWASYON/ Halos lahat ay naging saksi sa kasalukuyang pandemya at ito ay nagdulot ng krisis
SITUATION sa ating ekonomiya. Naging laganap ang kawalan ng trabaho at kahirapan lalo na sa
18 m

24 m
mga mahihirap at naging mulat ang lahat sa hirap ng buhay. Makabubuti sa isang
mamamayan na matutunan ang maayos na pamumuhay upang mapaunlad ang sarili.
Paano mo ito gagawin? IIpunin mo sa isang lagayan ang iyong mga kaalaman na alam
mo na iyong magagamit sa hinaharap.
Performance Task: Quarter 3 Week 5-6
PRODUKTO/ ISANG PLATITONG IMPORMASYON (an infographic)
PRODUCT    Gamit ang isang paper plate, ikaw ay magdidisenyo ng isang infographic o
/PERFORMANCE kaalamang biswal tungkol sa karanasan at kahalagahan ng pag-iimpok (savings)
and PURPOSE lalo na sa panahon ng pandemya.

SAMPLE
OUTPUT
18 m

24 m

ISANG
PLATITONG
IMPORMASYON
(an infographic)
Performance Task: Quarter 3 Week 5-6

18 m

24 m

SAMPLE
OUTPUT ISANG PLATITONG IMPORMASYON (an infographic)
Performance Task: Quarter 3 Week 5-6

18 m

24 m

SAMPLE
OUTPUT ISANG PLATITONG IMPORMASYON (an infographic)
 See you next THANK
week for the YOU AND
discussion of GOD
the next lesson. BLESS!