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Lecture 2 CCN

The document discusses different types of network topologies. It describes point-to-point and multipoint network connections. Point-to-point connections use a dedicated link between two devices while multipoint connections allow more than two devices to share a single link. The document then explains various network topologies - bus, ring, star, mesh, and hybrid. It provides details on the structure and workings of each topology and lists their advantages and disadvantages.

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Noor Uddin
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69 views

Lecture 2 CCN

The document discusses different types of network topologies. It describes point-to-point and multipoint network connections. Point-to-point connections use a dedicated link between two devices while multipoint connections allow more than two devices to share a single link. The document then explains various network topologies - bus, ring, star, mesh, and hybrid. It provides details on the structure and workings of each topology and lists their advantages and disadvantages.

Uploaded by

Noor Uddin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BALOCHISTAN UNIVERSITY OF

ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, KHUZDAR

Computer Networks /Data Communication &


Computer Networks
BE Software Engineering 5th Semester

Engr Mohammad Nawaz Mirwani


Department of Computer System engineering & Sciences

Lecture 2
Lecture Content

Types of network
Network with respect to
physical layout
connection
Types

Network Typologies
Point-to-
Multipoint
Point

Bus
Star
Mesh
Ring
Hybrid
Network Connection

For data communication between two devices in a network, these two


devices must be connected to the same link at the same time. There
are such connections in a network:
1. Point-to-point Connection
2. Point-to-Multipoint Connection
Network Connections

Point-to-Point Multipoint
• Dedicated link between two • More than two devices
points share a single link
• The entire capacity of the • Channel capacity is shared
link is dedicated to specific among multiple devices
sender and receiver devices • Example:
• Example: • Broadcast form a single
• Working of infrared remote devices is received by all the
control is establishing a receiver devices
point-to-point connection
between the TV and remote
control
Network Topology

• Topology refers to the physical arrangement/ geometric


representation of all the linking nodes in a network
Types of Network Topology

Following are the most common types of network topologies:


1. Bus
2. Ring
3. Star
4. Mesh
5. Hybrid
Bus Topology

• One of the first topologies used in early LANs.


• Every node is connected to a single cable (Backbone cable) through
drop lines and taps.
• This backbone cable is usually a think Ethernet, with high
bandwidth, to support multiple devices connected to the network.
• A bus topology has multipoint connections
• Flow of data is unidirectional.
• At the ends of the backbone cable, usually a terminator or repeater
is installed to increase signal strength.
Merits & Demerits of Bus Topology

Advantages
• Cable required is least
compared to other network
topology.
• Used in small networks.
• It is easy to understand.
Disadvantages
• Easy to expand joining two • If the backbone cable fails,
cables together.
then whole network fails.
• If network traffic is heavy or
nodes are more, then
performance of the network
decreases due to data collision
• Cable has a limited length.
Ring Topology

• It forms a ring as each node is connected to


another, with the last one connected to the
first.
• Each node has a point-to-point connection
with only two devices on both its sides.
• The transmission of data is unidirectional
• Only the node having token can transmit
data
• Data transmitted, has to pass through each
node of the network, till the destination
node.
• Each device in the ring, incorporates a
repeater, because if a device wants to send
some data to the last node, signal is
strengthened after every node which is not
the destination device.
Merits & Demerits of Ring Topology

Advantages Disadvantages
• Token is used to reduce data • Failure of one computer
collision, in case of high traffic disturbs the whole network
or by addition of more nodes • Data security is not high as the
• Cheap to install and expand message will pass through all
the nodes until it reaches its
destination.
• Adding or deleting the
computers disturbs the
network activity.
Star Topology

• Each device has a point-to-point link to a central controller


device (Hub/Switch).
• The central device acts as an exchange. Every sender sends
the data to the central device, which then takes the data to
the destination device.
Merits & Demerits of Star Topology
Advantages Disadvantages
• Low network traffic. • Hub/Switch is expensive to
• Hub can be upgraded easily. use.
• Easy to troubleshoot. • If the hub fails then the
• Easy to setup and modify. whole network is collapsed
because all the nodes depend
• Only that node is affected
on the hub.
which has failed, rest of the
nodes can work smoothly • Performance is based on the
(Robust). hub that is it depends on its
capacity
• Data is highly secure as the
data is exposed to the desired
destination only.
Mesh Topology

• Every device in Mesh topology has a dedicated point-to-


point connection with every other device in the network
• Routing logic enables the data to reach the destination using
the shortest distance or avoiding broken links.
Merits & Demerits of Mesh Topology
Advantages Disadvantages
• Each connection carries its own • Installation and configuration is
data load, thus eliminating data difficult because every device is
traffic problems to be connected to all other
• It is robust implying that if one devices.
link becomes unusable, it does not • Amount of cabling and number
incapacitates the entire network. of ports makes it an expensive
• Data security is high as the data network
flows only in its dedicated link
• Bulk wiring can be greater than
and only the intended recipient
available space (in walls, ceiling
sees the data.
or floor).
• Fault identification is easy because
of point-to-pint connection, and
with routing logic.
Hybrid Topology

• It is a combination of two or more types of topologies


• It inherits the features of all the included topologies

Merits Demerits
Flexible and scalable in size Complex in design
and type
Effective Costly
Reliable as Error detecting
and trouble shooting is easy
Examples of Hybrid Topology
Thank You

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