LESSON 1

Introduction to Information
and Communication
Technologies
• The state of ICT technologies
• Online systems, functions, and platforms
 Information and Communication
Technologies
Information and Communication Technology
(ICT) deals with the use of different communication
technologies such as mobile phones, telephone,
Internet, etc. to locate, save, send and edit
information.
 World Wide Web
It is also known as WWW or W3 introduce by Tim
Berners-Lee. It consists of different pages that are
formatted in a markup language called HTML (Hypertext
Markup Language) and linked to each other that contain
text, graphics, multimedia files, hyperlinks, etc.
 WEB 1.0:
When the World Wide Web was invented,
most web pages were static. Static (also
known as flat page or stationary page) in the
sense that the page is “as is” and cannot be
manipulated by the user. The content is also
the same for all users. This is referred to as
Web 1.0.
 WEB 2.0: DYNAMIC WEB PAGES

Web 2.0 is the evolution of Web 1.0 by adding dynamic

web pages—the user is able to see a website differently
than others. Examples of Web 2.0 include social networking
sites, blogs, wikis, video sharing sites, hosted services, and
web applications.
 Web 2.0 allows users to interact with the page: instead of
just reading a page, the user may be able to comment or
create a user account. Web 2.0 also allows users to use web
browsers instead of just using their operating system.
Browsers can now be used for their user interface,
application software (or web applications), and even for file
storage.
 Most websites
that we visit today
are Web 2.0.
 FEATURES OF WEB 2.0
1. Folksonomy. It allows users to categorize and
classify/arrange information using freely chosen
keywords (e.g., tagging).
2. Rich User Experience. Content is dynamic and is
responsive to user’s input. An example would be a
website that shows local content. In the case of
social networking sites, when logged on, your
account is used to modify what you see in their
website.
 FEATURES OF WEB 2.0
3. Long Tail. Services are offered on demand rather than on a one-time purchase. In
certain cases, time-based pricing is better than file-size-based pricing or vice
versa. This is synonymous to subscribing to a data plan that charges you for the
amount of time you spent in the Internet, or a data plan that charges you for the
amount of bandwidth you used.

4. User Participation. The owner of the website is not the only one who is able to
put content. Others are able to place a content of their own by means of comment,
reviews, and evaluation. Some websites allow readers to comment on an article,
participate in a poll, or review a specific product (e.g., Amazon.com, online stores).
 FEATURES OF WEB 2.0
5. Software as a Service. Users will subscribe to a software only when needed rather
than purchasing them. This is a cheaper option if you do not always need to use a
software. For instance, Google Docs is a free web-based application that allows the
user to create and edit word processing and spreadsheet documents online. When
you need a software, like a Word Processor, you can purchase it for a one-time
huge amount and install it in your computer and it is yours forever. Software as a
service allows you to “rent” a software for a minimal fee.

6. Mass Participation. It is a diverse information sharing through universal web

access. Since most users can use the Internet, Web 2.0’s content is based on
people from various cultures.
WEB 3.0 AND THE
SEMANTIC WEB
WEB 3.0 AND THE
SEMANTIC WEB
 Several problems of Web 3.0
1. Compatibility
HTML files and current web browsers could not support Web 3.0.
2. Security
The user’s security is also in question since the machine is saving his or her
preferences.
3. Vastness
The World Wide Web already contains billions of web pages.
4. Vagueness
Certain words are imprecise. The words “old” and “small” would depend on the
user.
5. Logic
Since machines use logic, there are certain limitations for a computer to be
able to predict what the user is referring to at a given time.
 TRENDS IN ICT
1. Convergence
Technological convergence is the synergy of technological
advancements to work on a similar goal or task.

2. Social Media
Social media is a website, application, or online channels that enable
web users to create, co-create, discuss, modify, and exchange user-
generated content.
 SIX TYPES OF SOCIAL MEDIA:
a. Social Networks. These are sites that allow you to connect with other
people with the same interests or background.
b.Bookmarking Sites. These are sites that allow you to store and
manage links to various websites and resources.
c. Social News. These are sites that allow users to post their own news
items or links to other news sources.
d.Media Sharing. These are sites that allow you to upload and share
media content like images, music, and video.
e. Microblogging. These are sites that focus on short updates from the
user.
f. Blogs and Forums. These websites allow users to post their content.
A. Social Networks. These are sites that
allow you to connect with other people with
the same interests or background.

Facebook Google+
B. Bookmarking Sites. These are sites
that allow you to store and manage links to
various websites and resources.

StumbleUpon Pinterest
C. Social News. These are sites that allow
users to post their own news items or links
to other news sources.

Reddit Digg
D. Media Sharing. These are sites that
allow you to upload and share media
content like images, music, and video.

Flickr Instagram Youtube

E. Microblogging. These are sites that
focus on short updates from the user.

Twitter
F. Blogs and Forums. These websites
allow users to post their content.

Blogger Wordpress Tumblr

3. Mobile Technologies
The popularity of smartphones and tablets has
taken a major rise over the years. This is largely
because of the devices’ capability to do tasks
that were originally found in personal computers.
4. Assistive Media
Assistive media is a nonprofit service
designed to help people who have visual
and reading impairments. A database of
audio recordings is used to read to the
user.
 10 Points

What is the importance of

ICT in our daily life and in
your life as a student.