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Clutch 1

This document discusses cam design, clutches, and brakes. It describes types of cam profiles and how to determine base circles and account for forces and stresses. It also summarizes different types of clutches, including plate clutches, cone clutches, internal expanding rim clutches, and electromagnetic clutches. Finally, it briefly mentions band and block brakes, external shoe brakes, and internal expanding shoe brakes.

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10BShalini.B Igmm
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21 views

Clutch 1

This document discusses cam design, clutches, and brakes. It describes types of cam profiles and how to determine base circles and account for forces and stresses. It also summarizes different types of clutches, including plate clutches, cone clutches, internal expanding rim clutches, and electromagnetic clutches. Finally, it briefly mentions band and block brakes, external shoe brakes, and internal expanding shoe brakes.

Uploaded by

10BShalini.B Igmm
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT V CAMS, CLUTCHES AND BRAKES

Cam Design: Types-pressure angle and under cutting base


circle determination - forces and surface stresses.
Design of plate clutches –axial clutches-cone clutches-
internal expanding rim clutches- Electromagnetic clutches.

Band and Block brakes - external shoe brakes – Internal


expanding shoe brake.
CLUTCHES
INTRODUCTION
A clutch is a machine member used to connect a driving shaft
to a driven shaft so that the driven shaft may be started or
stopped at will, without stopping the driving shaft.

The use of a clutch is mostly found in automobiles.

A little consideration will show that in order to change gears


or to stop the vehicle, it is required that the driven shaft
should stop, but the engine should continue to run.

The engagement and disengagement of the shafts is obtained


by means of a clutch which is operated by a lever.
Types of Clutches

Following are the two main types of clutches


commonly used in engineering practice :

1. Positive clutches, and

2. Friction clutches.
Positive Clutches

The positive clutches are used when a positive drive is


required.

The simplest type of a positive clutch is a jaw or claw


clutch.

The jaw clutch permits one shaft to drive another through a


direct contact of interlocking jaws.

It consists of two halves, one of which is permanently


fastened to the driving shaft by a sunk key.
Positive Clutches
Friction Clutches

A friction clutch has its principal application in the


transmission of power of shafts and machines which
must be started and stopped frequently.

Its application is also found in cases in which power is


to be delivered to machines partially or fully loaded.

The force of friction is used to start the driven shaft


from rest and gradually brings it up to the proper speed
without excessive slipping of the friction surfaces.
In automobiles, friction clutch is used to connect the
engine to the drive shaft.

In operating such a clutch, care should be taken so


that the friction surfaces engage easily and gradually
bring the driven shaft up to proper speed.

The proper alignment of the bearing must be


maintained and it should be located as close to the
clutch as possible.
Types of Friction Clutches

Though there are many types of friction clutches, yet


the following are :

1. Disc or plate clutches (single disc or multiple


disc clutch),
2. Cone clutches, and
3. Centrifugal clutches.
Design of a Disc or Plate Clutch
Consider two friction surfaces maintained in contact by an
axial thrust (W ) as shown in figure
Let T = Torque transmitted by the clutch,

p = Intensity of axial pressure with which the contact


surfaces are held together,

r1 and r2 = External and internal radii of friction


faces,

r = Mean radius of the friction face, and

μ = Coefficient of friction.

Consider an elementary ring of radius r and thickness dr as


shown in above Fig.
An automotive single plate clutch consists of two pairs of contacting surfaces. The
inner and outer radii of friction plate are 120 mm and250 mm respectively. The
coefficient of friction is 0.25 and the total axial force is 15 kN. Calculate the power
transmitting capacity of the clutch plate at 500 r.p.m: using
(i) Uniform wear theory, and (ii) Uniform pressure theory.
GivenData: n=2 r 1= 250 mm = 0.25 m
r2 = 120 mm = 0.12 m μ = 0.25 ; W = 15 kN = 15 x 103 N = 500
r.p.m.
Solution:
(i) Using uniform wear theory .
Torque transmitted on clutch is given by

T = 2 x 0.25x15 x103 (0.25+0.12/2)

= 1387.5N-m

Power transmitted =
SERVICE FACTORS

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