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Earth Retaining Structur1e

This document discusses different types of earth retaining structures. It describes gravity walls, embedded walls, and reinforced and anchored walls. Gravity walls rely on their weight for stability and include plain concrete, semi-gravity, cantilever, counterfort, and buttress walls. Embedded walls extend deeper than excavations to utilize passive pressure. Reinforced walls include soil nailing, ground anchors, and soil reinforcing. Temporary retaining walls are also discussed as economical solutions for construction projects requiring fill in phases. Key considerations for selecting a retaining wall include the project location, design, materials, site conditions, foundation suitability, and cost.

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hanna
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71 views

Earth Retaining Structur1e

This document discusses different types of earth retaining structures. It describes gravity walls, embedded walls, and reinforced and anchored walls. Gravity walls rely on their weight for stability and include plain concrete, semi-gravity, cantilever, counterfort, and buttress walls. Embedded walls extend deeper than excavations to utilize passive pressure. Reinforced walls include soil nailing, ground anchors, and soil reinforcing. Temporary retaining walls are also discussed as economical solutions for construction projects requiring fill in phases. Key considerations for selecting a retaining wall include the project location, design, materials, site conditions, foundation suitability, and cost.

Uploaded by

hanna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Earth Retaining Structure

CEN 5302
. By Birhane G.
Introduction

• Vertical or near vertical slopes of soil are


supported by: retaining walls, cantilever sheet-
pile walls, sheet-pile bulkheads, braced cuts,
and other similar structures.
 The proper design of those structures requires
estimation of lateral earth pressure, which is a
function of several factors, such as:
1.0 Type and amount of wall movement,
2.0 Shear strength parameters of the soil
3.0 Unit weight of the soil, and
4.0 Drainage conditions in the backfill.
Retaining walls are relatively rigid walls used
for supporting the soil mass laterally so that
the soil can be retained at different levels on
the two sides.
 Retaining walls are structures used to provide
stability of earth or other material where
conditions disallow the mass to assume its natural
slope.
The Various groups of retaining structure broadly fall into
three main groups
Gravity Walls
Embedded Walls
Reinforced and Anchored Walls
A. Based on the method of achieving stability Gravity
retaining wall are classified as:
• Gravity wall
 Made of Plain Concrete or Stone Masonry
 Depends Upon Its Weight For Stability
 Trapezoidal In Section With The Base
Projecting Beyond The Face and Back of Wall.
 No Tensile Stress In Any Portion of The Wall
 Economically Used For Walls Less Than 6m High
 Semi gravity walls
The size of the section of gravity wall
may be reduced if a small amount of
reinforcement is provided near the
back face such walls are known as
semi gravity walls.

• Cantilever Retaining wall


o Made of reinforced concrete material
o Inverted T-shaped in section with
each projecting acts as a cantilever
o Economically used for walls greater
than 6 m high
Counterfort walls
 Made of reinforced concrete materials Buttress walls
 Consists of cantilever wall with  Same as counterfort except
vertical brackets known as counter fort that the vertical brackets are on
placed behind face of wall
 Ordinarily used for walls height greater the opposite side of the backfill
than 6.0m

Counterfort Retaining wall


B. Embedded Retaining Walls
Embedded retaining walls act like cantilever walls, extending deeper than
the excavation to take advantage of passive earth pressure of the ground
below to, at least partly, counteract the active earth pressure being exerted on
the wall above

Driven Sheet pile wall


Braced or Propped wall
Micro Pile wall
Diaghfram
C. Reinforced and Anchored Earth Retaining
Walls

Soil Nailing Ground Anchors and Soil Reinforcing


are the commonly method of Mechanically
Stabilized wall system.
Temporary Retaining Wall
• Construction projects often require temporary retaining walls to
complete the job in phases.
• Temporary MSE walls are an economical and fast solution for
fill situations.
• A temporary MSE wall with wire mesh facing can be left in
place or easily removed after use.

Many applications of TRW such as:


• Temporary roadway alignments or ramps for shifting
traffic patterns during construction phases.
• Roadway widening projects.
• Temporary surcharge for increasing the settlement rate of
roadway embankments or other areas.
• Bridge abutment phased construction for new bridges
or bridge replacement project.
• Foundations for cranes or other heavy equipment.
• Accommodating utilities behind a permanent wall.

Benefits of Temporary Retaining Walls


• Lightweight facing materials can be placed by hand
• Easy to deconstruct if it’s to be replaced by a
permanent structure
Classification of retaining wall as per it’s
Modes of failure
Wall selection considerations
• Points to be considered during wall selection
Project location
Design
Materials to be used for construction
Site conditions(soil, drainage,….
Foundation construction suitability
Anchors availability in market
Project cost

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