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Communication Disorders

Communication disorders include problems related to speech, language, and communication. They can range from simple sound repetitions like stuttering to the inability to use speech and language for communication. Common types of communication disorders are speech and language disorders, which refer to problems in oral communication and related areas. Speech disorders involve difficulties producing speech sounds or problems with voice quality. Language disorders impair the ability to understand and use words in context. Communication disorders have various causes including hearing loss, neurological disorders, brain injury, and physical impairments.

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Lizel Deocareza
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33 views

Communication Disorders

Communication disorders include problems related to speech, language, and communication. They can range from simple sound repetitions like stuttering to the inability to use speech and language for communication. Common types of communication disorders are speech and language disorders, which refer to problems in oral communication and related areas. Speech disorders involve difficulties producing speech sounds or problems with voice quality. Language disorders impair the ability to understand and use words in context. Communication disorders have various causes including hearing loss, neurological disorders, brain injury, and physical impairments.

Uploaded by

Lizel Deocareza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Communication

Disorders
What is
COMMUNICATION?
Communication-

-is the process by which one
individual expresses ideas,
feelings, opinions, or messages to
others and receives and
understands ideas, feelings,
opininons, or messages from
others.
Disorder
Aconfused or messy state: a
lack of order or organization.
What is
Communication
Disorders?
Communication Disorders
 Communication disorders include
problems related to speech, language,
and communication.
 May range from simple sound
repetitions such as stuttering to
occasional misarticulation of words to
complete inability to use speech and
language for communication.
Normal Language Development

Birth-6 months
 Babies` first form of communication is crying
 Babiesalso make sounds of comfort such as coos and
gurgles.
 Babbling soon follows as a form of communication
 Vowel sounds are produced.
 No meaning is attached to the words heard from others
6-12 months
 Baby`s voice begins to rise and fall while making
sounds.
 Child begins to understand certain words.
 Child may respond appropriately to the word “no”
or own name.
 Child may perform an action when asked.
 Child may repeat words said by others.
12-18 months
 Child has learned to say several words with
appropriate meaning.
 Child is able to tell what she or he wants by
pointing.
 Child responds to simple commands.
18-24 months
 Child exhibits a great spurt in the acquisition and
use of speech at this stage.
 Child begins to combine words.
 Child begins to form words into short sentences.
2-3 years
 The child talks.
 The child ask questions.
 The child has vocabulary of about 900 words.
 The child participates in conversation.
 The child identifies colors.
 The child use plurals.
 The child tells simple stories.
 The child begins to use some consonant sounds.
3-4 years old
 Child begins to speak more rapidly.
 Childbegins to ask questions to obtain
information.
 Child’s sentences are longer and more
varied.
 Child can complete simple analogies.
4-5 years old
 Child has an average vocabulary of more than 1500
words.
 Child forms sentences averaging 5 words in length.
 Child is able to modify speech.
 Child is able to define words.
 Child uses conjunctions.
 Child recites poems and sings songs from memory.
TYPES
OF
COMMUNICATION
DISORDERS
Speech and Language Disorders
-refers to problems in communication and related areas such
as oral motor function.
-These delays and disorders may range from simple sound
substitutions to the inability to understand or use language or use the
oral-motor mechanism for functional speech and feeding.
-Some causes of speech and language disorders include
hearing loss, neurological disorders, brain injury, mental retardation,
drug abuse, physical impairments such as cleft lip or palate, and
vocal abuse or misuse.
 Speech Disorders
-refer to difficulties producing speech
sounds or problems with voice quality.
-They might be characterized by an
interruption in the flow or rhythm of speech, such
as stuttering, which is called dysfluency.
-Speech disorders may be problems with
the way sounds are formed-called articulation or
phonological disorders, or they may be difficulties
with the pitch, volume, or quality of the voice.
 Language Disorder
-is impairment in the ability to
understand and/or use words in context,
both verbally and nonverbally.
-Some characteristics of language
disorders include improper use of words and
their meanings, inability to express ideas,
inappropriate grammatical patterns, reduced
vocabulary, and inability to follow directions.
•Receptive Language Impairment -difficulty in
listening to and/or understanding language.

•Expressive Language Impairment -difficulty


with the production of language that adequately
represents the child’s/youth’s intended message
and may include problems with word retrieval, word
use, sentence formulation and/or conversational
skills.
CAUSES OF
COMMUNICATION
DISORDERS
 Articulation Disorders
- affect speech around production.
 Most prevalent among school-aged children
 Children may omit certain sounds. (Omissions)
 Children may substitute one sound for another.
(Substitutions)
 Children may distort certain speech sounds, while
attempting to produce them accurately. (Distortions)
 Children may add extra sounds, making comprehension
difficult. (Additions)
 These problems may disappear as the child matures.
 Severe articulation disorders are present when a child
pronounces many sounds so poorly that his/her speech is
unintelligible most of the time.
 Voice Disorders
-affect the pitch, loudness or quality of the
voice.
 These occur when the quality, loudness, or pitch
of the voice is inappropriate or abnormal.
 They are far less common in children than adults.
 Examples include hoarseness, breathiness, and
nasality.
 Problems can have organic or functional causes.
 Problems include hyper-nasality and de-nasality.
 Fluency Disorders
-affect the rate and rhythm of speech.
 These disorders interrupt the natural, smooth flow of
speech with inappropriate pauses, hesitations, or
repetitions.
 One type of disorders is known as cluttering- a condition
in which speech is very rapid and clipped to the point of
unintelligibility.
 Another type is called stuttering, which is characterized
by verbal blocks.
 Most children experience some dysfluency-repetitions and
interruptions-at some time in their development.
THANK YOU
FOR LISTENING!


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