SOCIAL WORK

SETTINGS, PROCESSES,
AND SERVICES
REVIEW FOR LAST WEEK:
MODES OF ADAPTATION
Fight means physical or verbal projection of angry feelings on others ;
Flight is manifested when the person physically moves away from the
problem; Pairing entails the entry into a relationship with another person
who is perceived to be stronger.

3
 clients who may need the social worker or the agency's help

⦿  Children who are either abandoned, neglected, orphaned, abused, or exploited

⦿  Children in conflict with the law, street children, children living with or affected by
HIV
⦿  Out-of-school youth
⦿  Socially disadvantaged women
⦿  Solo parents
⦿  Persons with disabilities, physically, and mentally challenged individuals
⦿  Elderly
⦿  Indigenous peoples
⦿  Internally displaced persons
⦿  Survivors of natural calamities and disasters, or those affected by armed conflicts
4
 TYPOLOGY OF CLIENTS
⦿ Voluntary clients are those persons who opted to voluntarily seek the
assistance of the worker or the services of the agency due to a problem or a
difficulty which she thinks she cannot do anything by her/himself.
⦿ Involuntary clients are those certain types of individuals in need who may
not even consider asking for help because they think that they are doing
fine and will survive somehow or they are unaware of the agencies that can
provide with them some assistance.
⦿ Referred clients are being assisted by another person (other family
member, relative, friend or neighbor), group/organizations, or community
leaders/ workers who are concerned about the client's situation.

5
 different typologies of groups
Growth group - the Treatment group - the Social group - the goal
dominant goal is the goal is to help solve the is to provide
personal growth of the individual's problems opportunities for social
participants in group at in social adjustment, relationships to the
all levels in their uncover deep-seated lonely, the
emotional, conflicts, hostilities and friendless, and those
interpersonal depression, who have problems in
intellectual, and modify/sublimate relating with other
spiritual phase of their antisocial/aberrant persons.
life behaviors/attitudes and
positive negative social,
and cultural values.
6
 different typologies of groups

Interest group - the goal is to Play/Recreation group - the goal is

primarily answer the unmet to provide pleasurable activities
interests/ needs of the group through games, dances,
members through appropriate songs/music, dramatics, and other
program of activities and leisure time activities as medium
services to the agency as well as for meeting the individual's leisure
the and recreational needs that would
community. also redound to their development.

7
 SOCIAL WORK SETTINGS
⦿  Primary settings-are those ⦿ Secondary settings
public and private social welfare social work is not
agencies where professional viewed as the core
social workers are seen as the business.
key players, given that they run ⦿ Examples of which
or manage the settings. are: hospitals, family
⦿ Examples of which are Christian courts, nutrition
Children's Fund, Save the centers, schools,
Children, Hospicio de San Jose corporations, etc.
Department of Social Welfare
and Development, among other
8
 GOVERNMENT
⦿ Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program
⦿ Kapitbisig Laban sa Kahirapan – Community Integrated Delivery of Social
Services
⦿ Sustainable Livelihood Program
⦿ National Household Targeting System for Poverty Reduction
⦿ They are engaged either at the national, regional, provincial and local level.
Some are employed at the barangay level and others are teaching in
government school and university.

9
 PRIVATE SECTOR
⦿ Social workers are found in private practice and are offering various kind
of services such as but not limited to the following advocacy, counseling,
mediation policy and program development, organizational development
research, capacity building activities, corporate social responsibility,
consultancy services, and employee assistance program

CIVIL SOCIETY
⦿ Others are involved in managing cases of children in conflict with the law,
children in need of special protection, children affected with HIV, children
in armed conflict, abused or exploited children, children with special needs,
trafficked children, among others.
10
 SCHOOL
⦿ Social workers conduct assessment, case conference, referral and home
visitation to deal with students with concerns and problems like truancy,
bullying, low self-esteem, aggressive behavior, discrimination, and family
conflicts which may affect their performance at school as well as their
relationship with the teachers and classmates.
COMMUNITY
⦿ Others are engaged in community development work assisting groups or
communities to identify their needs and find means to respond them. Some
localities in the country employ social workers at the barangay level and
some organizations deploy social workers to their adopted communities to
focus on community organizing and provision of the organization’s
programs and services. 11
 SOCIAL WORK PROCESS
⦿  Study-the facts which constitute and bear upon the problem must be
ascertained and grasped.
⦿ Diagnosis-the facts must be thought about (i.e. turned over, probed into, and
organized in the mind, examined in their relationships to one another, and
searched for their significance).
⦿ Treatment-some choice or decision must be made as an end result the
consideration of the particular facts with the intention of resolving the problem.

12
 6 STAGES OF PROBLEM SOLVING OR HELPING
PROCESS
1) Intake/engagement - during this stage, the social worker makes initial contact with the
clients and begin to establish the framework of the helping relationship. Developing rapport
and trust.
2) Assessment - during this phase, the social worker gathers information from the client and
sometimes from other people close to the client
3) Planning and contracting - during this stage, clients and social workers secure their
relationship through the development of a contract that may be formal or informal. Setting
goals provide focus and direction in the helping process.
4) Treatment/intervention - during this stage, both the client and the social worker are working
towards the goals that are set. Constantly checking in and reassessing.
5) Evaluation \- after completing the intervention stage it is followed by an evaluation of how
well the intervention has been to the clients problem.
6) Termination - the final stage of the helping process, is the process where the client and the
social worker mutually determine when and how the helping relationship will end.
13
 ASSESSMENT
⦿ Primary source-the client (whether an individual, group, or a community)
⦿ Secondary source--the significant others with whom the client has personal relationships.
⦿ Existing data-these can be records or reports from other professionals 
⦿ Worker's observation-the use of observation is very helpful in gathering, supplementing,
and validating information about the client

⦿ Walk-in-The client (an individual, a group, or a community) initiates the contact and seek
the assistance 
⦿ Referral-The client is referred to the worker or a social welfare agency by an interested or
concerned party or entity
⦿ Outreach-reaches out to the prospective clients to offer help and eventually arrives at an
agreement of engaging into a helping relationship after intake.

14
 PLANNING
⦿ It allows the worker, with the participation of the client, to move from problem definition to
problem solution towards achieving a planned change as end goal. Planning involves two
major tasks: formulating goals that directly relate with the client's problem and defining
the specific actions or interventions that are necessary in order to achieve the goals.

INTERVENTION
⦿ It involves rendering of all the specific and interrelated services that are deemed
appropriate to address or respond the client's problem. It includes series of activities that
the client and worker will undertake following an agreement forged between them based on
the problem that they need to be addressed and the plan of action they will pursue.

15
 EVALUATION
⦿ In social work, it is a continuous process of gathering information which can be utilized in
an ongoing reassessment of objectives, intervention plans, and even the problem definition
which is referred to as ongoing evaluation.

STRUCTURES OF EVALUATION

⦿ Inputs-are the resources that are essential to implement the program or intervention
⦿ Activities are the things that agencies do to produce change. These are also considered the
cause of the change or interventions and labeled as the independent variables.
⦿ Outputs-are the immediate results of the program or intervention plan and called as
dependent variables
⦿ Outcomes-are the longer-term benefits from the program or intervention plan

16
 TERMINATION
⦿ The client should be made aware that the client-worker relationship will not last long and
that the interventions and services will not stay for them forever. It should be made clear
with the client that disengagement is the natural conclusion to such a relationship.

17
THANKS!
18