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Argumentation Theory

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Chel ann
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30 views8 pages

Argumentation Theory

Uploaded by

Chel ann
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ARGUMENTATI

ON THEORY
PREPARED BY: RUCHELL ANN GUANCIA
ABC 102- 2ND YEAR 2nd SEMESTER
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Argumentation Theory investigates the practices and standards of using arguments.


Argumentation is understood as a communicative activity of producing and
exchanging reasons in the context of doubt or disagreement. The theory of
argumentation is descriptive of how people argue. The theory has roots in logic;
however, Toulmin developed his theory in order to explain everyday argumentation.
In his description of an argument, he describe an argument as “movement from
accepted data, through a warrant, to a claim.”
INTRODUCTION

The argumentation theory has developed as humans and communication has. Logical reasoning was
not designed to pursue the truth. Logical Reasoning was designed by evolution to help us win
arguments. That's why they call it The Argumentative Theory. Argumentation has been studied
and has evolved over the many years that it has been studied by different philosophers and
researchers. The most modern and well-known scientist that has had a major role in explaining
argumentation theory is Stephen Toulmin. Toulmin breaks down the stages of an argument, and
made a structure that if used, expresses the argumentation theory. He claims that if this structure
is used, arguments will become more favorable to be accepted by others without that same idea.
He breaks the structure down into six parts, all crucial to one another without any of them being
able to stand alone without the other.
ASSUMPTIO
N

In an argument, an assumption is a premise that is not explicitly (directly)


stated. These unstated premises are very important since the validity of an
argument is determined by the validity of its assumptions.
TOULMIN’S MODEL

There are dogs nearby.

CLAIM

Dogs are animals that


bark and howl.

WARRANT
STEPHEN TOULMIN

SIX ELEMENTS

• Claim
You hear barking and • Ground
howling in the distance. • Warrant
• Backing
GROUND • Qualifier
• Rebuttal
SAMPLE SITUATION OF THE THEORY

Example of the Toulmin Model Applied to an


Argument
Schools should ban soda from their campuses to
protect student health.

Claim: Schools should ban soda from their campuses.

Grounds: Banning soda would protect student health.

Warrant: Poor diet leads to health problems in


adolescents.
CRITISM OF THE
THEORY

● Build paragraphs logically and accurate


statements.

● Be precise and concrete in your language

● Argumetative Theory will be beneficial to the


future endeavours.
THANK YOU
SUBMITTED TO: MS. FLORIAN MARIE INTERINO

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