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2 - Values and Norms - BOL

Values are conceptions of what is good or bad that guide individual and group behavior. Social norms are rules enforced through social sanctions that help realize values. There is a close relationship between values and norms - values are invisible and expressed through norms, while norms derive their meaning from the values they help achieve. For example, honesty is a common value that norms like prohibiting exam cheating help realize. Norms can be specific, like workplace rules, or general, like those in a community.

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32 views9 pages

2 - Values and Norms - BOL

Values are conceptions of what is good or bad that guide individual and group behavior. Social norms are rules enforced through social sanctions that help realize values. There is a close relationship between values and norms - values are invisible and expressed through norms, while norms derive their meaning from the values they help achieve. For example, honesty is a common value that norms like prohibiting exam cheating help realize. Norms can be specific, like workplace rules, or general, like those in a community.

Uploaded by

Elsa Mutiara silalahi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Character Building Kewarganegaraan

Session 2
Values and Social Norms
Learning Outcome

LO 1: to describe values and norms


Session Outcomes
By the end of this session, students will be able to:
1. Define values and norms
2. Describe values and norms in their family
3. Describe values and norms that prevail in an ethnic group in
Indonesia
Values
Value is a conception that is lived by a person or a group of people
about what is good or bad, what is true or false, and serves as a guide
for our behavior (Gea et al., 2002; Poel & Royakkers, 2011).

Values are the basis to evaluate our own behavior, other people, or
objects and events.
Social Norms

Norms or standards serve as a regulatory mechanism to realize values


(Brennan & Southwood, 2010). Norms guide and motivate us to achieve
the desired values.

According to Ellickson (2001) and Kinzig et al. (2013) norms are rules
that are governing an individual’s behavior that third parties other than
state agents diffusely enforce by means of social sanction for those who
violate the norm, and with the reward for those who follow.
a rule governing an individual’s behavior that third parties other than state agents
The Relationship between Values
and Social Norms
There is a close relationship between values and social norms.
Value is invisible and can only be expressed through a norm.
On the other hand, norms are essentially meaningless in themselves.
The meaning of a norm lies in the values that each member of the
community wants to protect and achieve.
In this context, norms regulate how members of community groups
must behave in order to achieve the desired values.
For example, honesty is a common value; the expectation that students
will not cheat in an exam is the norm.
Types of Behavioral Norms
1. Specific norms
For example: workplace rules, sport game rules

2. General norms
For example: norms in a community group
References
• BPS. (n.d). Mengulik data suku di Indonesia. Retrieved from
https://www.bps.go.id/news/2015/11/18/127/mengulik-data-suku-di-indonesia.html

• Brennan, M.B.G., & Southwood, R.E.G.N. (Eds.). 2010. Norms and values: The roles of social norms as
instruments of value realization. Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft

• Ellickson, R.C. (2001). The market for social norms. American Law and Economic Review, 3, 1-49

• Gea, A.A., Wulandari, A.P.Y., & Babari, .Y. (2002). Character Building II: Relasi denganSesama. Jakarta.
Elex Media Komputindo

• Kinzig, A.P., Ehrlich, P.R., Alston, LJ., Arrow, K., Barrett, S., Buchman, T.G., Daily GC., Levin, B., Levin, S.,
Oppenheimer, M., Ostrom, E., & Saari, D. (2013). Social norms and global environmental challenges: the
complex interaction of behaviors, values, and policy. Bioscience, 63(3):164–175.
doi:10.1525/bio.2013.63.3.5

• Poel, I. v.d. & Royakkers, L. (2011). Ethics, Theology, and Engineering: An Introduction. Hoboken, NJ:
John Wiley & Sons

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