CREATIVE NONFICTION

WEEK-4
ROSELYN E. LAZALITA
Classroom rules
 Learning competency

 Analyze factual/nonfictional elements (Plot,

Characters, Characterization, Point of View, Angle,
Setting and Atmosphere, Symbols and Symbolisms,
Irony, Figures of speech, Dialogue, Scene, Other
elements and Devices) in the texts
Analyzing Nonfictional Elements
Creative Non Fiction stories are one of the most
exciting literary pieces that you’ll get to encounter. I
can say so because aside from the creative and colorful
language the authors used, these stories also happened
in real life.
Performance task-2
Part -1
 Activity-1 PicGuess!
 Let us see how familiar you are with the movie Titanic and Hello, Love,
Goodbye. As we know, Titanic is a movie which is based on a real-life
story and became a blockbuster when it was first released in 1998. The
other movie was released in 2019, though not a real-life story, it
captured the hearts of the young ones and the once young also, making
it a blockbuster. Now, you are going to take a careful look to each of the
pictures and guess who or what it is. Afterwards, you are going to
write a short description on how you know the characters or the
objects being shown. Are you ready? Game!
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Elements of a Non Fiction
Piece
I. The character
these are the entities (people or animals) who
are considered as the participants in the action
of the real-life event.
Methods of Characterization
1.Direct-a character in the story is described by the
author directly.
2. Indirect- a character who is described by the
author through his/her personality, action, physical
appearance, thoughts, and speech.
Kinds of characters that can be portrayed

According to Roles Played Major Characters

a. Protagonist- the main or central character. He is
also called hero or heroine (female) when they
exemplify nobility and bravery.
b. Antagonist- the counterpart of the antagonist, or the
villain.
Minor Characters
a. Confidant- the character to whom the main character
reveals his/her sentiments, hopes, and aspirations.
b. Foil- a character who portrays a contrasting quality to
another character.
c. Stock type- a character who portrays national or social
identity.
According to fullness of development
a. Flat- a character who is portrays just one or
two traits.
b. Round- a character who is complicated or who
has many sides.
According to changes undergone in the story
a. Static- a character who does not show any
change--- he/she has the same characteristics from
the beginning up to the end.
b. Developing/ dynamic- a character who goes
through changes in his/her personality.
II. The Plot
a flow of events in a story. It is considered as
the skeleton, the blueprint, or the framework of
the story.
Parts of the Plot
1. Exposition/ Introduction- introduces the major
characters in the story and introduces the setting of
the story.
2. Complication/ Rising Action- the occurring
events which occur that may lead to a problem or
conflict.
Kinds of Conflict:
a. External Conflict- the characters’ clash with the
forces outside him/her like natural occurrences such as
calamities and social occurrences like fighting an
antagonist.
b. Internal Conflict- the characters’ clash within
himself/herself. An example of this is the memories
that continuously haunt the character disabling him
to think or act well.
3. Climax – is also called the turning point of events. This
is the peak of the interest in a story where you as a reader
or a viewer is very much excited as to what may the result
of this part be.
4. Resolution- is also called as the falling action where the
problem or conflict is resolved.
5. Conclusion or the end determines whether it is a
success or a failure on the part of the major characters.
III. Point of View (POV)

“Who is narrating?”
Different Points of View:
1. First Person POV- the narrator is a character
himself/herself in the story. Your clue is the frequent use of
personal pronouns I and my in the story.
2. Third Person POV- the narrator is outside the story. It is
indicated by using the pronouns he, she, and they.
3. the narrator knows all what the characters are Omniscient
POV- thinking, that is why he/she is called all-knowing.
IV. Allusion

this is a literary technique in which the subject is

being referred to a historical or literary figure.
Here are the examples:
*Juan is said to be the Jose Rizal in their class
because of his exemplary wit.(Meaning:
excellent)
* Maria is known as the Gabriela Silang of
their community (Meaning: Maria is brave
because Gabriela Silang is known to be a brave
Ilocano heroine)
V. Flashback

literary technique in which there is a reminiscence or

recollection of the past events. In short, it is going
back to the past.
VI. Foreshadowing
counterpart of flashback as it utilizes hints or
clues indicative of what will happen next in
the story.
For example, in a story the writer uses a black
cat which signifies that there is something not-
so-good to happen later on.
VII. Imagery

are creating a mental image on your

mind. This is successfully done through
the use of vivid adjectives.
VIII. Mood

the feeling or atmosphere the author makes

for the reader
IX. Moral
the call towards having a good behavior; this
could be in the form of a maxim, or a saying.
X. Suspense

the feeling of excitement, tension or even pressure

by the reader as he/she gets involved in the story to
know the outcome of a particular conflict.
XI. Symbol
the representation of a person, place or an object.
For instance, in a story, the diamond ring of the lady
character might symbolize love, wealth or even
power.
XII. Theme

the main message of a story or a generalization

about life. For example, the theme of a story is:
Perseverance gets you to your goal. A theme should
always contain a subject and a predicate.
XIII. Tone
the attitude of the author towards its
subject. It could be joyful, serious,
humorous, angry, among others.
Figure of Speech
the language that has beyond the common and
literal meaning. It makes the language more
colorful and creative.
1. Simile

the comparison of two unlike things , but have

some commonalities. You can easily distinguish that
it is a simile because of the use of the words as or
like.
Example: Silver-colored cars moved slowly down the
road like fishes in the deep ocean.
2. Metaphor

the comparison of two unlike things which

have commonalities but without the use of the
words as or like.
Example: The youngest princess is the apple of
the King’s eyes.
3. Personification

it personifies the inanimate objects, or it

makes the inanimate objects as if they are
living things.
Example: The rock stubbornly refused to move
an inch.
4. Apostrophe

addresses the dead as if he/she is still alive,

the absent as if they are present, and the
inanimate as if they were persons.
Example: O Wind, if Winter comes, can Spring
be far behind?
5. Alliteration

the succeeding words in a line or a sentence which

have the same consonant sounds beginning.
Example: O wild West Wind, thou breath of
Autumn’s being.” (Shelley’s “Ode to The West Wind)
6. Hyperbole

the exaggeration of what is said.

Example: The grieving widow cried a
bucket of tears.
7. Onomatopoeia

the use of words that mimic sounds.

Example: “Tlot-tlot, tlot-tlot! Had they heard
it? The horse hoofs ringing clear.” (A. Noyes’
“The Highwayman”)
8. Antithesis

this is a contrast of words in a sentence to make it

more ardent or impactful to the readers.
Example: “To err is human; to forgive, divine.” (A.
Pope’s “Epigrams”)
9. Paradox

contradictory statement which is true.

Example: Life succeeds in that it seems to fail.
Oxymoron

a kind of paradox which has two opposite or

contradictory terms in a sentence.
Example: “Parting is such a sweet sorrow.”
(William Shakespeare)
10. Metonymy

it is a word substitution by another term

which has a similar meaning.
Example: He spends the evening reading
Shakespeare (book).
11. Synecdoche

it is a substitution of a part for a whole and a

whole for a part.
Example: The captain shouted, “I need all hands on
the deck.” (hands represents all the persons or crew
to help)
how to analyze the different elements within a
particular story.
Performance Task-2
PART-2
2 sessions
 You are going to read a Nonfiction story by Jhoanna
Lynn Cruz which won 3rd Prize (Essay in English)
at the Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for
Literature 2008. After reading it, you are going to
analyze the elements of the story through filling
out the necessary boxes with your own analyses.
 Remember that you are doing an analysis, so you
must use your Higher Order Thinking Skills
(H.O.T.S).
Performance Task-3
Part-1 and Part 2
1 session
Read and understand the story well. Afterwards,
you are going to analyze the different elements
of the story, this time through writing a story
analysis. Don’t worry because this has a
similarity with the one you did before ;it’s just
that you are going to write a short continuous
prose or essay of your analysis.