How the internet works..

RAINBOW OF EDUCATION

PowerPoint Presentations
 The Internet was made
for scientific (science)
and military
communications in the
United States.

How it started..
 Even if a part of the
Internet is destroyed, data
can go through the other
computers in the network.
The istory of the Internet
Early Internet

1971
E-mail
 1994
Yahoo

1995
Internet
Explorer
Social Networks

2004 (2547) Facebook

2006 (2549) Twitter

2007 (2550) IPhone

Commercial Web
1995 (2538) E-bay
On-line auction.
Customer to customer selling.

1995 (2538) Pay Pal

Doing payments on the Internet safely

1998 (2541) Google

 2000 (2543)Blogger
(opinion sharing)

2001 Wikipedia
(encyclopedia)
Interactive
2001 IPod
Web (music exchange)

2001 Picasa
(photo sharing)

2004 Flickr
(photo site)

2005 (2548)You Tube (movie sharing)

2005 Google Maps (maps for navigation/finding directions)

 Information that’s connected like a web.
Most information is free.
The Internet is also called: ‘The Net’ or
being ‘on-line’ More about
the Internet.

You can surf trough the Internet by

using connections called:
‘hyperlinks’ ( or links) like:
http://w.w.w.nonformal.edu

You can also find information through a

program called a ‘Web Browser’ like:
Netscape
Firefox
Internet Explorer
Surfing on the Internet

Regional Local
Inter-net servers servers
Back-
Bone,
a net- Regional Local
work
servers servers
of
strong
central
servers. Regional Local
Servers servers
 Most important
The World Wide Web parts of the
(WWW) Internet

E-Mail

News

Internet Relay Chat

(IRC)
Sending a file to
your friend..

Because these packets will

travel separate routes,
some will arrive sooner
The data you are sending than others
do not travel to your
friend’s computer directly
but it gets broken up into
separate data packets
How the internet
works…
TCP/IP

Every computer on the Internet uses the same protocols

(rules and procedures).

This protocol is called TCP/IP (Transmission Control

Protocol/Internet Protocol)
Internet:

1. The World Wide Web

Server:
a central computer
HTTP allows
“computer A (the
HTTP:// is based on client) to make a The server accepts the
the client/server connection to connection and sends
principle “computer B” the back a response
server and makes a
request.

Http://
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
How the Internet works
In order to
communicate
across the
Internet, a
computer must
have a unique
address called
an IP (Internet
Protocol) IP ADDRESS
address
that is made by
the server
Each IP address
has 4 parts;
each part a
number
between Connecting to:
205.46.117.104
0-255.
An IP address
might look like
this:
Domain
name

Most Internet hosts or

servers have a domain
address, which uses
words

A domain name
identifies the type of
institution that owns
the computer. An
Internet server owned
by IBM might have the
domain name:
ibm.com
 Internet Domains
Domain Type of organization Example
.com Business (commercial) Ibm.com

.edu Educational banpapongenglish.edu

.gov Government thailand.gov

.mil Military navy.mil

.net Business/commercial mindspring.net

.org Other organization Thailandhealthcare.org

(typically nonprofit)
The URL
The domain name:
(Uniform edu. = educational.
Recourse
Locater )

HTTP:// The owner of the website is non.formal

The computer owner e.p. It’s the address of the computer
wants to contact a website owner.
of somebody else. Also called home page.

http://www.non.formal.ep.edu/conversational-english-course

To find this specific web

This site is on the page, your browser follows
World Wide Web The URL to a folder
named: conversational-English-course
 Let’s repeat about the URL

WWW Domain name

• Allows • Every computer has an • Finally go to a
computer A to • Part of the IP address • Type of specific page
make a internet that is (205.46.117.93). institution • Of the web site
connection to called the • This is the home page. that owns the
computer B World Wide computer
Web. (.com)
Specific page
HTTP:// IP address

URL
connection that allows you to move
between two computer documents or
Hyperlinks
two pages on the Internet

John.expatgermany.com

[email protected]

Link to an email address Link to a website

2. Internet Relay Chat

Allows users to
communicate in real time
by typing text in a special
window

You can join chat room

discussions.

Famous chat rooms:

Windows Live Messenger
and the chat room of
Facebook.
 Generality
Global
Reliable
cheap
Speed
Convenient

Advantages (positive things) of e-mail

Misdirection
Disadvantages (negative things) of e-
mails
Interception

Viruses

• Illegal
Forgery
copy

Overload

Junk
(low quality/
no value)

No response
 3. Newsgroups

Many newsgroups that host discussions

on a specific topic.

A newsgroup’s name indicates its users’

special topic of interest, such as:
Alt.food.cake

You can post articles for others to read

and respond to
 Students
can log in to
the main
computer of

4. Telnet: their
u n i v e r s i t y.

log in to large
mainframe Members of
a library
can search
computers for favorite
books in the
l i b r a r y ’s
main
c o m p u t e r.

Hackers can
enter these
servers
when
customers
have
contacts
with these
servers.

________________________________________________
_______

client
hacker server
FTP is most commonly used to download a file from a
server using the Internet or to upload a file to a FTP:
server (e.g., uploading a Web page file to a server).
File Transfer
Protocol
Google Web
Hosting
uploads
Files to the
Google Web Internet
Hosting
downloads
you r files The Internet
from the
Internet to
it’s server.

You
download
files from
The Internet
the Internet
to your
computer
You Upload
files from
your
computer to
the Internet
 The Internet Cloud

Entrance
On demand Shared use
through
self service of resources
network

High degree Customized

of elasticity services
How to find information on the Web?

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The ranking of web pages.. Google has a
machine with a
computer program
The heart of Google’s that does the
searching software is
“Page Rank”; a system
ranking
for ranking web pages. automatically

There is some kind of

A page is important if democratic principle.
important pages link to Someone links to a web
it. page, for Google it’s a
vote for that page view.

Pages are important also Are there 2 different web

in proportion to how pages on the same
often a surfer would visit subject, those with the
them. most votes (links) above
Each webpage is given a the other in the search
unit of importance. results will win.
Why you should have a Google account..

Gmail Translate

Maps Talk

Docu Web
Calendar Blogger
-ments History
 Repeating with questions:
No. 3
WWW, e-mail, News,
Telnet, FTP, Internet Relay Chat

The Internet is divided in 6 main

components (parts). Which are they?

1. WWW, e-mail, News, Telnet, FTP, IP

address.

2. WWW, e-mail, News, Telnet, TCP,

Internet Relay Chat.

3. WWW, e-mail, News, Telnet, FTP,

Internet Relay Chat,

4. WWW, e-mail, News, HTTP, FTP,

Internet Relay Chat.
 Repeating with questions:
Answer no. 3
WWW, e-mail, News,
Telnet, FTP, Internet Relay Chat

There are many ways to search smart on the

internet. Quotations search is one of them.
What does Quotations search mean?

1. It is used for searching a word more

exactly.

2. It’s used for the search of 2 words like:

snake & head = snake AND head.

3. It’s used for searching an exact phrase like:

“English language class on Sunday”.

4. It means that search box could not find any

results for your search.
No. 4, Repeating with questions:
TCP/IP

Everything on the Internet depends on

computers being able to communicate with
each other. For that they need common rules.
What is the name of these rules?

1. Internet Protocol for Computer

Transmission.

2. Transmission Protocol and Internet Rules.

3. HTTP://Internet Protocol.

4. Transmission Control Protocol/Internet

Protocol.
No. 3: Repeating with questions..
IP address

In order for computers to connect to each other,

they need addresses; these addresses can also be
thought of as names.

What is the official name of these addresses?

1. World Wide Web Address.

2. E-mail address.

3. IP address.

4. Internet Protocol for On-line Addresses

(IPOA)
 Repeating with questions:

The function of HTTP:// is:

No. 2: 1. Giving rules for a just use of the

Allows the computer Internet.
of this user to make
contact to another 2.Allows the computer of this user to
computer. make contact to another computer.

3. Allows the computer of this user to

send e-mails to his I-pod.

4. Allows the user of this computer to

search in large digital libraries.
 Repeating with questions:

No. 4:
A more detailed
What means advanced search?
search

1. Advanced search brings you to the first

web-page that Google found for your
search.
2. It’s an Internet language translator.
3. A search box that is faster than others.
4. A more detailed search.
 Repeating with questions..
No 3,
Interception, junk, illegal
copying, misdirection, viruses.

Give 5 disadvantages of emails

1. Viruses, junk, legal copying, interception.

2. Forgery, viruses, overload, response, junk.

3. Interception, junk, illegal copying, misdirection, viruses.

4. Overload, viruses, misdirection, interception, anti -viruses .

 Repeating with questions:

No. 1
A connection that allows you to move
between 3 computer documents or two
pages on the internet.

What is a hyperlink?

1. A connection that allows you to move between

two computer documents or two pages on the
Internet.
2. The Google search box.
3. A connection that allows you to move between
two computer parts or two sites on the
Internet.
4. None of these 3.