FIRST AID AND

CPR
BASIC OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND
HEALTH
BIANES | DE JESUS | LIZONDRA | REYTOS
 LIST OF
01
FIRST AID
Definition, Common Situation, Essential
Kits and Supplies, Basic Techniques PRESENTATION
02
CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION
DRSABCD, Infection Control During CONTENTS
CPR
WOUND

03 Definition, Proper First Aid, Step by Step

MORE ADVANCED FIRST AID KIT

07
Process, Sample Situations and Tips
TECHNIQUES
SEVERE BLEEDING FIRST

04
Additional Advance First Aid Kit Techniques
Step
AIDby Step Process in Responding to
Severe Bleeding FIRST AID FOR INJURIES AND
ELECTRICAL SHOCK FIRST 08 Guidelines
FRACTURE in responding to Injuries, Using

05 Caution,
AID When to seek professional help, Actions
to take while waiting for professionals
Bandages in First Aid, Making an Arm Sling

WORKPLACE BENEFITS OF FIRST AID

09
HEIMLICH MANEUVER TRAINING

06 Application of Heimlich during different

situation and to different ages
benefits of first aid training to employers and
employees, Occupational First Aid Resources
FIRST AID
DE JESUS
CHRISTIAN MARK
M.
College
Bachelor of Electrical Engineering
Technological University of the Philippines - Manila
2020 - Present
Accounting Assistant
Binakayan Hospital and Medical Center
September - October 2020
Quantitative Research
Inhibition of the Growth of Escherichia Coli (Migula) Castellani (E. Coli ATCC 25922)
using the Antibacterial Activity of Garlic (Allium Sativum) Extract
March 2020
Qualitative Research
Sex, Income Cluster, and Level of Metacognition of Selected Senior High School
Students of Theresian School of Cavite Academic Year 2019-2020
Published December 2019
Senior High School
S.T.E.M. (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics
Theresian School of Cavite
2018 - 2020
WHAT IS FIRST
AID?
First aid is the name given to the
immediate, temporary treatment given
to a patient which requires little
training or equipment to administer.

Cleaning small wounds, scrapes,

or scratches; treating a minor
burn; using bandages and
dressings etc.
BASIC FIRST AID
TECHNIQUES
• KNOW HOW TO
PERFORM CPR AND
THE HEIMLICH
MANEUVER.
• Be able to identify and
treat common injuries
such as burns, cuts, and
fractures.
• Keep a well-stocked first
aid kit on hand for
emergencies.
WHERE SHOULD
BE FIRST AID
KITS ARE
AVAILABLE
HOM
E
WORKPLAC
E
CAR /
VEHICLE
COMMON FIRST
AID SITUATION
In common or basic situation, a basic first aid ADHESIVE
kit should have the following included.
TAPE

ANTISEPTIC
BANDAGES SCISSORS
WIPES

GAUZE TWEEZERS GLOVES

ESSENTIAL FIRST
AID KIT AND
SUPPLIES
• ABSORBENT COMPRESS DRESSINGS (5 X 9 INCHES)
• ADHESIVE BANDAGES (ASSORTED SIZES)
• ADHESIVE CLOTH TAPE (10 YARDS X 1 INCH)
• ANTIBIOTIC OINTMENT PACKETS (APPROXIMATELY 1 GRAM)
• ANTISEPTIC WIPE PACKETS
• PACKETS OF ASPIRIN (81 MG EACH)
• EMERGENCY BLANKET
• BREATHING BARRIER (WITH ONE-WAY VALVE)
• INSTANT COLD COMPRESS
ESSENTIAL FIRST
AID KIT AND
SUPPLIES
• PAIR OF NONLATEX GLOVES (SIZE: LARGE)
• HYDROCORTISONE OINTMENT PACKETS (APPROXIMATELY 1 GRAM
EACH)
• 1 3 IN. GAUZE ROLL (ROLLER) BANDAGE
• ROLLER BANDAGE (4 INCHES WIDE)
• 3 IN. X 3 IN. STERILE GAUZE PADS
• STERILE GAUZE PADS (4 X 4 INCHES)
• ORAL THERMOMETER (MON-MERCURY/NONGLASS)
• TRIANGULAR BANDAGES
• TWEEZERS
• EMERGENCY FIRST AID INSTRUCTIONS
 CARDIO
PULMONARY
RESUSCITATIO
N
CARDIOPULMONAR
Y RESUSCITATION
When someone stops from breathing due
to an emergency, may it be heart attack or
drowning CPR can help save their lives
and these can be done even of unskilled
onlookers and first responders and
according to American Heart Association

it is advised to
perform quick, and
forceful compression
to begin CPR
DRSABCD
Action Plan
According to Department of
Health & Human Services,
applying the DRSABCD
Action Plan in any
circumstance is first aid as
simple as ABC - airway,
breathing, and CPR.
DRSABCD
ACTION
PLAN
DANGER
When helping someone who is hurt
or ill, make sure you are not putting
yourself in danger by first assessing
the danger to you, any bystanders,
and then the injured or ill person.
DRSABCD
ACTION
PLAN
RESPONSE
Does the person react when you
speak to them, touch their hands, or
squeeze their shoulder.
DRSABCD
ACTION
PLAN
SEND FOR HELP
Call for assistance by dialing
your local emergency hotline
(117), and don't forget to respond
to the operator's questions.
DRSABCD
ACTION
PLAN
AIRWAY
Is the person breathing? Is the
person's airway clear?
DRSABCD
ACTION
PLAN
BREATHING
If the person is unconscious but
breathing, turn them onto their side,
being careful to keep their head,
neck, and spine in alignment, and
monitor their breathing. Check for
breathing.
DRSABCD
ACTION
PLAN
CPR
If not breathing lie the person flat on his
back and start chest compression for 30
times and then give two breaths. Make
sure that the airway is clear. Repeat the
compression at a rate of 5 repeats in two
minutes or if the medic arrived or until
the patient is conscious.
DRSABCD
ACTION
PLAN
DEFIBRILLATO
R
An automated external defibrillator
(AED) is a device that administers an
electrical shock to cancel any irregular
heartbeat (arrhythmia) to get the normal
heart beating. It should be used if one is
available for unconscious adults who are
not breathing
INFECTION
CONTROL
WHEN PERFORMING CPR
Everyone with training in
resuscitation is advised to carry a
resuscitation mask in their purse,
wallet, or first aid kit to avoid contact
with potentially infectious bodily
fluids such as blood or saliva. This
helps take the worry of infection out
of helping someone in a life-
threatening situation.
LIZONDRA,
CHARLES STEPHEN
B.
COLLEGE
Bachelor of Electrical Engineering
Technological University of the Philippines - Manila
2020 - Present

QUANTITATIVE
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RESEARCH
Hyrdroponic System in Lettuce (Lactuva Sativa)?
Published 2020
QUALITATIVE
The Effects of the Online Gaming Addiction to Grade 11 STEM Student's Academic
RESEARCH
Performance
Published 2019
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
S.T.E.M. (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics)
Lagro High School
2018 - 2020
WOUND
Any damage or break in the skin's
surface is referred to as a wound,
which can include minor cuts,
lacerations, bites, and abrasions.
Applying the right first aid to a wound
can hasten healing and lower the risk
of infection.
TYPES OF
WOUND
Abrasion
When your skin rubs or scrapes
against a rough or hard surface, an
abrasion results. An abrasion is
something like road rash. Even though
there is typically not much bleeding, it
is nevertheless important to clean and
cleanse the incision to prevent
infection.
TYPES OF
WOUND
Laceration
A laceration is a significant skin
tearing or cutting injury. Accidents
involving equipment, tools, and knives
are common causes of lacerations.
Bleeding from severe wounds may
occur quickly and heavily.
TYPES OF
WOUND
Punction
A puncture is a tiny hole made by a long, sharp
tool, such a needle or nail. A gunshot can
occasionally leave a puncture wound.

Even though a hole from a puncture may not

bleed much, it may nevertheless be deep
enough to harm internal organs. Visit your
doctor to have a tetanus vaccine and avoid
infection if you have even a little puncture
hole.
TYPES OF
WOUND
Avulsion
Avulsions are the partial or total ripping away of skin and underlying tissue.
Avulsions typically happen after traumatic incidents, such as collisions with
objects that compress the body, explosions, and bullets. They quickly and
profusely bleed.
WOUND
DRESSING
Always use a sterile dressing or bandage when covering the wound. Very small
wounds could close on their own. For five days, you must maintain the wound
clean and dry. Additionally, make sure you get enough sleep.
WOUND TREATMENT
Control Bleeding
Lightly massage the area with a clean
cloth until bleeding stops. (this may
take a few minutes). Be mindful that
some medications, such as aspirin and
warfarin, may alter bleeding and need
applying pressure for a longer amount
of time.
WOUND TREATMENT
Wash your hands well
To avoid contamination and
infection of the wound, wash your
hands before cleaning or dressing
it.
WOUND TREATMENT
Rinse the wound
To lessen the risk of infection,
gently rinse the wound with clean,
lukewarm water to clean it and get
rid of any debris or gravel
particles. 
WOUND TREATMENT
Dry the Wound
Apply a clean cloth or pad to the
surrounding skin and gently pat it
dry.
WOUND TREATMENT
Keep any skin flaps if possible
Use a wet cotton bud or pad to gently relocate any skin flaps that are still adhered
over the incision as much as possible.
WOUND TREATMENT
Cover the wound
Avoid placing tape on skin that is already fragile. Instead, use a non-stick or mild
dressing and carefully bandage in place.
WOUND TREATMENT
Seek help
To ensure that the wound heals fast, speak with your nurse, or pharmacist as soon as
you can for additional treatment and guidance.
WOUND TREATMENT
Manage pain
Consider getting pain treatment as the
wound heals since wounds can be
uncomfortable. Consult your doctor
about your pain management choices.
WHEN TO CHANGE
THE WOUND
DRESSING?
Change wound dressings when
they're wet, soiled, or no longer
sticking to the skin. Follow your
healthcare provider's instructions.
WHEN TO SEEK PROFESSIONAL
MEDICAL HELP?
shows signs of infection 6 

continues to bleed 

you are unable to realign the skin 

has dirt, glass, a thorn or other foreign body in the wound 

seems large or deep 

is not healing, or is very slow to heal (e.g. not healed after 4 weeks)
WHEN TO SEEK PROFESSIONAL
MEDICAL HELP?
Or if: 

you have an underlying medical condition 

you have another injury or hit your head at the time of the injury (you may
have a concussion or fracture) 

there is a risk of further injury 

you are unsure how to manage the wound or have any concerns.
TIPS FOR FASTER WOUND
HEALING
Clean the wound, stop any
bleeding, and cover with sterile
bandages or dressings. Keep a
first aid kit nearby and seek
medical help if needed.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

SEVERE BLEEDING: FIRST
AID
Call 911 or your local emergency number

• Immediately call 911 or any emergency hotline if you are

or someone is severely bleeding
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC

Remove any clothing or debris from the wound

• Look for the bleeding's origin. There could be several

wounds. Don't attempt to clean the wound; instead,
remove any apparent debris. Don't explore the wound or
remove big or deeply attached items.
SEVERE BLEEDING: FIRST
AID
Stop the bleeding

• Use sterile gauze or a clean piece of cloth to

cover the wound.

Help the injured person lie down

• To stop the person from losing body heat, if at all

possible, lay them down on a mat or blanket. If
you notice symptoms of shock, such as weakness,
clammy skin, or a fast heartbeat, elevate the feet.
Reassure the victim firmly yet calmly.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-ND
SEVERE BLEEDING: FIRST
AID
Add more bandages as needed

• Add extra gauze or fabric on top of the

existing bandage if blood leaks through it.
Then continue to apply pressure firmly to This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC

the region.

Tourniquets

• In order to stop life-threatening bleeding

from a limb, a tourniquet is useful.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
BIANES
ALDRIN JOHN O.
COLLEGE
Bachelor of Electrical Engineering
Technological University of the Philippines - Manila
2020 - Present

QUANTITATIVE
Arduino Based Earthquake Sensor with Accelerometer
RESEARCH
Published 2020
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
"Opinyon ng mga Mamamayan sa Barangay Greater Lagro Ukol sa
Biodegradable Coffin: Isang Pag-aaral"
Published 2019
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
S.T.E.M. (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics)
Lagro High School
2018 - 2020
 ELECTRICAL Burns might result after an electrical shock, or there
can be no outward signs of damage. In either
SHOCK: situation, an electrical current running through the

FIRST AID
Several factors, including the amount of
body might result in internal organ damage, cardiac
arrest, or other harm. Even a modest amount of
current, how the current passed through the
electricity can be lethal in some situations.
body, the individual's general health, and how
soon the person is treated, can affect how
dangerous an electrical shock is.
 CAUTION
• Don't touch an injured person who is still
in contact with an electrical current.

• Call 911 or your local emergency number

if the source of the burn is a high voltage
wire or lightning. Don't get near high-
voltage wires until the power is turned off.

• Don't move a person with an electrical

injury unless there is immediate danger.
 WHEN TO SEEK HELP WHEN
YOU GOT ELECTRICAL SHOCK?
Call 911 or your local emergency number if the injured person experiences:
• Severe burns • Cardiac Arrest
• Confusion • Muscle pain and contractions
• Difficulty breathing • Seizures
• Heart rhythm problems • Loss of consciousness
ACTIONS TO TAKE WHILE
WAITING FOR THE HELP
EMERGENCY
Turn off the source of electricity, if possible. If not, use a
dry, nonconducting object made of cardboard, plastic or
wood to move the source away from you and the injured
person.

Begin CPR if the person shows no signs of circulation, such

as breathing, coughing or movement.

Try to prevent the injured person from becoming chilled.

Apply a bandage. Cover any burned areas with a sterile

gauze bandage, if available, or a clean cloth. Don't use a
blanket or towel, because loose fibers can stick to the burns.
HEIMLICH
MANEUVER
The abdominal thrust maneuver, also
known as the Heimlich maneuver, is
used to treat upper airway obstructions
caused by foreign bodies. This
maneuver is commonly taught during
basic life support and advanced cardiac
life support classes but is not given as
much attention as chest compressions.
 When anything becomes stuck in the windpipe or
throat and blocks the airway, choking occurs. In
cases involving adults, food is frequently to blame.
Immediately administer first aid if you or someone
else is choking.

• One or both hands clutched to the throat

• A look of panic, shock or confusion
• Inability to talk
• Strained or noisy breathing
• Squeaky sounds when trying to breathe
• Cough, which may either be weak or forceful
• Skin, lips and nails that change color turning blue
or gray
•Loss of consciousness
GIVING HEIMLICH MANUEVER
TO SOMEONE ELSE
Stand behind the person.
Place one foot just in front of the choking person.
Wrap your arms around their waist and bend them
gently towards the ground/ forward.

Make a fist with one hand.

Put it above the choking person’s navel
(pusod). Grasp the fist with the other hand.

Give five abdominal thrusts.

See if the obstruction has been cleared.
Repeat as necessary.
B. IF THE WOMAN IS
PREGNANT
If the person is pregnant or if you can't get your arms around the stomach, give
chest thrust.

Put your hands at the base of the

breastbone, just above the joining
of the lowest ribs.

Press hard into the chest with a

quick thrust. Do the execution the
same as in the Heimlich maneuver.

Repeat until the blockage is

removed from the airway.
C. IF THE PERSON IS UNDER 1 YEAR OLD
To clear the airway of a choking infant younger than age 1:

Sit and hold the infant face down

on your forearm. 

Thump the infant gently but firmly

five times on the middle of the
back.
Turn the infant face up on your
forearm if breathing hasn't
started.

Give five gentle but firm chest

compression with your fingers.
D. IF THE PERSON IS UNCONCIOUS

To clear the airway of an unconscious person:

Lower the person onto the floor,
place their back on the floor and
arms to the sides.

Clear the airway.

Begin CPR if the person still

doesn't respond.
E. IF YOU ARE ALONE
If you're alone and choking:
Make an immediate call to 911 or your local emergency number. Then, do the
Heimlich technique on yourself to free the item that is lodged.

Place a fist slightly above your

navel.

Grasp your fist with the other

hand.

Bend over a hard surface.

Shove your fist inward and upward

REYTOS
MATTHEW DAVID E.
COLLEG
E
Bachelor of Electrical Engineering
Technological University of the Philippines - Manila
2020 - Present
SENIOR HIGH
S.T.E.M.
SCHOOL (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics
SPCC (SYSTEM COMPUTER
2018 - 2020
COLLEGE)
OJT (JA COMPANY)
RESEARCH OR CAPSTONE
TITLE:
Effectiveness of Potato Peel Ashes as the Main Component of
the Fire-Retardant Paint
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
CHS (CALOOCAN HIGH
2014 - 2018
SCHOOL)
MORE ADVANCED
FIRST AID KIT
TECHNIQUES
Assess the patient's vital signs and
level of consciousness.

Perform CPR and use an AED if

necessary.

Control bleeding and apply a

tourniquet if needed.
FIRST AID FOR
INJURIES AND
FRACTURES
FIRST AID FOR
INJURIES AND
FRACTURES
GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR
A. RESPONDING TO AN INJURY
USING BANDAGES DURING
B. FIRST AID

MAKING AN ARM
C. SLING
GENERAL GUIDELINES
FOR RESPONDING TO
AN INJURY
If you witness an injury, follow
the RICE method: Rest, Ice,
Compression, Elevation. And
seek medical attention if pain or
swelling persists.
 USING BANDAGES
DURING FIRST AID
This is for general nature only and is
not a replacement for proper injury
first aid training.
If you can't get help, wrap the
bandage's "tail" directly around the
padding covering the wound .
 MAKING AN ARM
SLING

After being bandaged, an injured

forearm or wrist may need to be
lifted and immobilized with an
arm sling.
WORKPLACE
BENEFITS OF
FIRST AID
TRAINING
THE WORKPLACE
BENEFITS OF FIRST AID
TRAINING
BENEFITS OF FIRST AID TRAINING
A. FOR EMPLOYERS

BENEFITS OF FIRST AID TRAINING

B. FOR EMPLOYEES

OCCUPATIONAL FIRST-AID
C. RESOURCES
BENEFITS OF FIRST AID
TRAINING FOR
EMPLOYERS
FASTER RESPONSE DURING AN
Due to their enhanced confidence and readiness,
EMERGENCY
employees who have received first aid training will
know what to do in case of an emergency
REDUCE WORKPLACE ACCIDENTS
THROUGH AWARENESS
Employees that receive first aid training become
more aware of workplace safety, which lowers the
amount of accidents and injuries.
A MORE POSITIVE WORK
Employers may demonstrate to the employees that
ENVIRONMENT
they care about fostering a safe work environment by
giving first aid training.
BENEFITS OF FIRST AID
TRAINING FOR
EMPLOYEES
SAFETY IN THE
Employees
WORKPLACE gain from first aid training for others
around them since it keeps them safe.

SAFETY AT HOME
Training in first aid is as beneficial outside of
the job. One day, knowing first aid might help
save a friend or family member's life.

SAFETY WHILE WORKING ALONE

First aid training can help employees utilize
first aid equipment correctly and maintain
composure in an emergency
OCCUPATIONAL FIRST-
AID RESOURCES

• PHILIPPINE RED CROSS

• DOLE (DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
EMPLOYMENT)
• OSHA (OCCUPATION SAFETY AND HEALTH
ADMINISTRATION)
• CERT ACADEMY (CERTIFIED EMERGENCY
RESPONSE TRAINING ACADEMY)
 REFERENC
ES
Medical and First Aid - What is First Aid? | Occupational Safety and Health Administration. (n.d.). https://www.osha.gov/medical-first-aid/recognition#:~:text=First
%20aid%20refers%20to%20medical,technology%20or%20training%20to%20administer.

Make a First Aid Kit. (n.d.). Supplies & Contents | American Red Cross. https://www.redcross.org/get-help/how-to-prepare-for-emergencies/anatomy-
of-a-first-aid-kit.html

Department of Health & Human Services. (n.d.). First aid basics and DRSABCD. Better Health Channel.
https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/first-aid-basics-and-drsabcd#bhc-content

Choking: First aid. (2022, October 11). Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-choking/basics/art-20056637

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR): First aid. (2022, February 12). Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-cpr/basics/art-
20056600

The Workplace Benefits of First Aid Training. (2022, January 13). SafetyLine Lone Worker | Leaders in Work Alone Safety Monitoring. https://safetylineloneworker.com/blog/the-workplace-benefits-of-
first-aid-training#:~:text=First%20aid%20training%20helps%20employees,all%20aspects%20of%20business%20operations.

Severe bleeding: First aid. (2022, October 8). Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-severe-bleeding/basics/art-20056661

Wounds first aid. (n.d.). https://www.healthywa.wa.gov.au/Articles/U_Z/Wounds-first-aid

Electrical shock: First aid. (2022, July 1). Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-electrical-shock/basics/art-20056695#:~:text=Turn%20off%20the%20source%20of,as%20breathing
%2C%20coughing%20or%20movement
THANKS FOR
LISTENING