Scribd
Upload
92 views

Intelligence and Learning

This document discusses different theories of intelligence and learning. It defines intelligence as the ability to learn, understand new situations, apply knowledge, think abstractly, and be measured by objective tests. It outlines four major theories of intelligence: general intelligence involving a general cognitive ability; primary mental abilities involving seven specific abilities; multiple intelligences involving eight distinct types of intelligence; and the triarchic approach involving analytical, creative, and practical intelligence. The document also defines learning as an active process that leads to lasting change as a result of experience and can affect attitudes, knowledge, or behavior.

Uploaded by

Krishna Kant
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
92 views

Intelligence and Learning

This document discusses different theories of intelligence and learning. It defines intelligence as the ability to learn, understand new situations, apply knowledge, think abstractly, and be measured by objective tests. It outlines four major theories of intelligence: general intelligence involving a general cognitive ability; primary mental abilities involving seven specific abilities; multiple intelligences involving eight distinct types of intelligence; and the triarchic approach involving analytical, creative, and practical intelligence. The document also defines learning as an active process that leads to lasting change as a result of experience and can affect attitudes, knowledge, or behavior.

Uploaded by

Krishna Kant
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

Intelligence and Learning

Rabindra Singh
What Is Intelligence?
 the ability to learn
or understand or to
deal with new or
trying situations

 the ability to apply


knowledge to
manipulate one's
environment or to
think abstractly as
measured by
objective criteria
(such as tests)
Multiple Intelligence
Conscious & Subconscious Mind
Types of Intelligence Theories
• General Intelligence

• Primary Mental
Abilities

• Multiple Intelligences

• The Triarchic
Approach to
Intelligence
General Intelligence
• British psychologist Charles Spearman (1863–1945) described the concept of general intelligence, or
the "g factor."

• After using factor analysis to examine mental aptitude tests, Spearman concluded that scores on these
tests were remarkably similar.

• People who performed well on one cognitive test tended to perform well on other tests, while those
who scored badly on one test tended to score badly on others.

• He concluded that intelligence is a general cognitive ability that researchers can measure and express
numerically
Primary Mental Abilities
Psychologist Louis L. Thurstone (1887–1955) focused on seven
primary mental abilities rather than a single, general ability. These
include:
• Associative Memory: The ability to memorize and recall
• Numerical Ability: The ability to solve mathematical problems
• Perceptual Speed: The ability to see differences and similarities
among objects
• Reasoning: The ability to find rules
• Spatial Visualization: The ability to visualize relationships
• Verbal Comprehension: The ability to define and understand words
• Word Fluency: The ability to produce words rapidly
Multiple Intelligences
Among more recent ideas about intelligence is Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences. He proposed
that traditional IQ testing does not fully and accurately depict a person's abilities. He proposed eight different
intelligences based on skills and abilities that are valued in various cultures:
• Bodily-kinesthetic Intelligence: The ability to control body movements and handle objects skillfully
• Interpersonal Intelligence: The capacity to detect and respond appropriately to the moods, motivations, and
desires of others
• Intrapersonal Intelligence: The capacity to be self-aware and in tune with inner feelings, values, beliefs, and
thinking processes
• Logical-mathematical Intelligence: The ability to think conceptually and abstractly, and to discern logical or
numerical patterns
• Musical Intelligence: The ability to produce and appreciate rhythm, pitch, and timbre
• Naturalistic Intelligence: The ability to recognize and categorize animals, plants, and other objects in nature
• Verbal-linguistic Intelligence: Well-developed verbal skills and sensitivity to the sounds, meanings, and
rhythms of words
• Visual-spatial Intelligence: The capacity to think in images and visualize accurately and abstractly
Triarchic Approach to Intelligence
Psychologist Robert Sternberg defined intelligence as "mental activity
directed toward purposive adaptation to, selection, and shaping of real-
world environments relevant to one's life."
Although he agreed with Gardner that intelligence is much broader than a
single, general ability, he suggested that some of Gardner's types of
intelligence are better viewed as individual talents. Sternberg proposed the
concept of "successful intelligence," which involves three factors:
 Analytical Intelligence: The ability to evaluate information and solve
problems
 Creative Intelligence: The ability to come up with new ideas
 Practical Intelligence: The ability to adapt to a changing environment
What Is Learning?
 Learning Is an Active Process

 Learning Leads to Lasting Change

 Learning Occurs As a Result of Experience

 Learning Can Affect Attitudes, Knowledge,


or Behavior
Thank You
Rabindra Singh

You might also like